Chinese Cultures-The Confucian Analects(LunYu)-5

[1] OF Kung-yeh Ch!aang the Master said: !°A girl might marry him. In him was no crime, though he habeen in bonds.! He gave him his daughter to wife. Of Nan Jung the Master said: !°When right prevails, he will not be neglected: when wrong prevails,he will escape law and punishment.! He gave him his brother!ˉs daughter to wife
[2] Of Tzu-chien 1 the Master said: !°What a gentleman he is! But could he have grown to be a manlike this were there no gentlemen in Lu?
[3] Tzu-kung asked: !°And what of me? !°Thou art a vessel,!± said the Maste !°What kind of vessel? !°A rich temple vessel.
[4] !°Yung,!2 said one, !°has love, but he has not a glib tongue. The Master said: !°What is the good of a glib tongue? Fighting men with tongue-craft breeds muchbitterness. Whether love be his I do not know, but what is the good of a glib tongue?!
[5] The Master moved Ch!ai-tiao K!aa3 to take office. He answered: !°For this I lack confidence. The Master was pleased.
[6] The Master said: !°Truth makes no way. Let me go afloat and scour the sea! and Yu4 shall follow me.! When Tzu-lu heard this he was glad. The Master said: !°Yu is more venturesome than I, but he does not know how to take things.
[7] Meng Wu asked whether Tzu-lu had love? The Master said: !°I do not know. He asked again. The Master said: !°A land of a thousand chariots might give Yu charge of its levies; but whether hehave love, I do not know.! !°And how about Ch!aiu?5 !°A town of a thousand households, a clan of an hundred chariots might make Ch!aiu governor; buwhether he have love, I do not know.!6 !°And how about Chi!aih? !°Girt with his sash, erect in the court, Ch!aih might entertain the guests; but whether he have love, do not know.!
[8] The Master said to Tzu-kung: !°Who is abler, thou or Hui?!7 He answered: !°How dare I aspire to Hui? If he hear one thing, Hui understands ten; when I hearone thing, I understand two.! The Master said: !°Thou art not his peer. I grant, thou art not his peer.
[9] Tsai Y¨18 slept in the daytime. The Master said: !°Rotten wood cannot be carved, nor are dung walls plastered. Why chide withY¨1? The Master said: !°In my first dealings with men, I hearkened to their words, and took their deedson trust. Now, in dealing with men, I hearken to their words, and watch their deeds. I righted this on Y¨1.
10] The Master said: !°I have met no firm man. One answered. !°Shen Ch!aang The Master said: !°Ch!aang is passionate: how can he be firm
11] Tzu-kung said: !°What I do not wish to have done unto me, I likewise wish not to do unto others. The Master said: !°That is still beyond thee, Tz!au
12] Tzu-kung said: !°We may listen to the Master!ˉs culture; but on life and the ways of Heaven hiwords are denied us.!
13] Until Tzu-lu could carry out what he heard, he only dreaded to hear more.
14] Tzu-kung asked: !°Why was K!aung-wen styled cultured The Master said: !°He was quick and fond of learning, not ashamed to ask those beneath him. Thatis why he was called cultured.!15] Of Tzu-chan the Master said: !°In four ways he was a gentleman. His own life was modest; hehonoured the man whom he served; he was kind in rearing the people; he was just in his calls upon them.!
16] The Master said: !°Yen P!aing was versed in friendship. Familiarity bred courtesy
17] The Master said: !°Tsang Wen lodged his tortoise with hills on the pillars, reeds on the uprights.Was this his good sense?!
[18] Tzu-chang said: !°Tzu-wen was thrice made minister without show of gladness, and thrice leftoffice with unmoved face. He was careful to unfold his rule to the new minister. What do ye think of him?! !°He was faithful,!± said the Maste !°But had he love? !°I do not know,!± said the Master: !°how should this amount to lov !°When T!asui slew the King of Ch!ai, Ch!aen Wen forsook ten teams of horses, and left the land.coming to another kingdom, he said, !(R)Like my lord Ts!aui,!ˉ and left it. On coming to a secokingdom, he said, !(R)Like my lord Ts!aui,!ˉ and left it. What do ye think of hi !°He was pure,!± said the Maste !°But had he love? !°I do not know,!± said the Master: !°how should this amount to lov
[19] Chi Wen thought thrice before acting. On hearing this, the Master said: !°Twice, that is enough.
[20] The Master said: !°Whilst peace reigned in the land Ning Wu9 showed understanding: when troubles came he turned simpleton. His understanding is within our reach; such simplicity is beyond our reach.!
[21] When he was in Ch!aen the Master said: !°Home, I must go home! My batch of boys, ambitious anhasty, their minds cultured, their schooling ended, know not what needs fashioning!!
[22] The Master said: !°As Po-yi10 and Shu-ch!ai never recalled past wickedness the foes they madewere few.!
[23] The Master said: !°Who would call Wei-sheng Kao straight? A man begged him for vinegar. Hebegged it from a neighbour and gave it.!
[24] The Master said: !°Honeyed words, flattering looks and overdone humility, Tso Ch!ain-minthought shameful, and so do I. To hide ill-will and ape friendship, Tso Ch!ain-ming thoughtshameful, and so do I.!
[25] As Yen Y¨1an and Chi-lu11 were sitting with him, the Master said: !°Why not each of you tell mehis wishes?! Tzu-lu said: !°Carriages and horses I would have, and robes of fine fur to share with my friends,and would wear them out all free from care.! Yen Y¨1an said: !°To make no boast of talent nor show of merit, were my wish Tzu-lu said: !°We should like to hear your wishes, Sir. The Master said: !°To make the old folk happy, to be true to friends, to have a heart for the young.
[26] The Master said: !°It is finished! I have met no one who can see his own faults, and arraign himselfwithin.!
[27] The Master said: !°In a hamlet of ten households there must be men faithful and true as I: why isthere no one as fond of learning?!

Note 1. A disciple, born in Lu.
Note 2. The disciple Chung-kung.
Note 3. A disciple.
Note 4. The disciple Tzu-lu.
Note 5. The disciple Jan Yu.
Note 6. The disciple Kung-hsi Hua.
Note 7. The disciple Yen Y¨1an.
Note 8. The disciple Tsai Wo.
Note 9. Ning Wu was minister to the Duke of Wei, in the middle of the seventh century B.C. The duke was driven from his throne, and deserted by the wise and prudent; but Ning Wu, in his simplicity, back]followed his master everywhere, and finally effected his restoration.

Note 10. Po-yi and Shu-ch!ai were sons of the King of Ku-chu. Their father left the throne to the youngerof the two; but he would not supplant the elder, nor would the elder act against his father!ˉs wishes. Sothey both retired into obscurity. When King Wu overthrew the tyrant Chou (B.C. 1122), rather than live under a new dynasty, they starved to death. Of Po-yi, Mencius tells us (V. B. 1): !°His eyes could notlook on evil, nor his ears listen to evil. He would serve none but his own king, lead none but his own people. He took office when order reigned, and left it when times grew turbulent. He could not bear to live under lawless rulers, or amongst a lawless people. To stand by the side of a countryman he thought like sitting, in court dress, in the midst of dust and ashes. Through Chou!ˉs day he dwelt on the shores ofthe North Sea, waiting till the world grew clean. So when men hear tell of Po-yi, fools grow honest, back]weak wills grow strong.!°
Note 11. Tzu-lu.