To understand Chinese

Xinjiang travelogue

2009-08-15T05:04:00.000-07:00

By Daniel Allen
Region of Renown
Chinese Turkestan – a long-time inspiration for die-hard travelers that brings to mind towering dunes, exotic bazaars and camel caravans laden with silk and spice. As my train crawled away from the drab confines of Beijing West station, headed for the Xinjiang capital of Urumqi, it wasnt easy to get excited by such romantic imagery. Nonetheless, compared with humdrum urban life in the Chinese capital, I knew that the next two weeks on Chinas wild western frontier were going to be a fascinating blend of the strange and scenic. I first read about Xinjiang and Central Asia (formerly Turkestan) in Sir Aurel Stein's enthralling book On Ancient Central-Asian Tracks. Stein, a Hungarian archaeologist-cum-explorer in the service of the British at the turn of the twentieth century, was the Indiana Jones of his day. Performing amazing feats of endurance and surviving the subterfuge of the "Great Game", he discovered lost cities and hidden treasure across the region (most of which ended up, to the later chagrin of the Chinese, in London 's BritishMuseum). His three Xinjiang expeditions of 1900, 1906 and 1913, in which he and his party covered forty thousand kilometers on foot or pony-back, were instrumental in the re-discovery of the Silk Route. Back in the relative luxury of my soft sleeper compartment, entertained by DVDs, MP3s and a couple of hefty tomes, I couldn 't help being a little blasé about Stein 's various hardships (a couple of fingers and toes lost to frostbite, for example). I was envious of his opportunity to travel in such an unsullied environment, ripe for adventure and the perfect backdrop for demonstrations of that stiff-upper-lip attitude that so characterized British imperialism at the time. As the trolley carrying warm beer and pig 's trotters passed my door for the fourth time, I resolved myself to the fact that the next 50-odd hours on board would give me plenty of time to display a stiff upper lip if I so chose.
Breathtaking Beginning
After a fitful night's sleep and several long card-playing sessions in the restaurant car, the train pulled in to the city of Wuwei in late afternoon hazy sunshine. After the dusty, barren plains of the previous day, the lushness of the surrounding countryside and intensive hillside terracing were a welcome contrast. Wuwei marks the beginning of the Hexi Corridor, a strategic and fertile strip of land running along the base of the Qilian Mountains, separating the expansive and unforgiving Gobi and Taklamakan Deserts. By far the easiest route into and out of eastern Xinjiang, the fortunes of the Silk Route were closely linked to control of the Hexi Corridor, and sections of Great Wall were constructed around it in an attempt to protect passing caravans from hostile tribes and bandits. The train was now climbing noticeably, and by early evening the landscape had once again changed dramatically. We were strangers in a rock-strewn lunar landscape, stretching for miles to the hilly horizon, with only the occasional ink-blot stain of a coal heap or vivid yellow mustard field to break the monotony. As the last few rays of the dying sun softened the grey and brown hues of this inhospitable land, I couldn't help wondering what Marco Polo had thought as he arrived here after an arduous trek across the dunes of the Taklamakan, on his way to Beijing in 1266. As night fell we passed the grimy outskirts of Zhangye, once a major Silk Route oasis where Polo was reputed to have stayed as a guest for a year, no doubt recouping his strength for a final push towards his goal. Pulling back the heavy compartment curtains the following morning, my eyes momentarily balked at the glare of sun on sand. Not yet 9 o'clock, the low dunes and coarse scrub were already shimmering in the furnace-like heat. Despite the cooling effect of the train's air-conditioning, it was easy to see how Xinjiang's deserts presented a huge obstacle for those traversing the Silk Route. Besides the obvious lack of water and extreme temperatures, fierce sandstorms could suddenly engulf travelers, turning day into night. The desert was also said to be haunted by ghosts, waiting to lure the weary to their death by calling for help in the dark of night. The name "Taklamakan" literally means "those who enter, fail to return" in the Turkic Uyghur language, and despite the technological advances of the last thousand-odd years, this oven-like ocean of sand still didn't appear particularly inviting.
A Tale of Two Cities
Leaving the desert, the train entered the foothills of the Tian Shan (Heavenly Mountain) range. Together with the great Altai and Kunlun ranges to the north and south, the towering ramparts of the Tian Shan form a forbidding natural barrier that encircles Xinjiang on three sides. Snaking between ravine and snowy peak, we abruptly emerged, mole-like, from one final tunnel, into the bright sunshine and verdant greenery of a heavily cultivated plain. Beyond the wind farms and swaying crops, Urumqi was finally in sight. Roughly half of the Xinjiang Autonomous Region's nineteen million citizens are Muslims, living across a vast area that covers one-sixth of all China. With a distinct and well-preserved cultural identity, the majority of these Muslims are Uyghur, claiming a 1300-year old descent from the Uyghur kingdom of Karabalghasan, located in present day Mongolia. After attack by Kyrgyz tribesmen in 840 CE, the Uyghur fled southwest and settled in the oasis towns surrounding the Taklamakan, maintaining trading relations along the Silk Route. Nowadays, Urumqi is a vibrant, interesting mix of Han and Uyghur, with street vendors peddling succulent yangrou chuar (lamb kebabs) and roundels of crispy, delicately spiced nang bread outside shiny new office blocks and department stores.
A useful introduction to Uyghur culture, Urumqi certainly isn't the real Xinjiang deal. After a day wandering the streets, sampling numerous types of chuar (it 's amazing what you can cook on a barbecue) and lamian (Uyghur noodles), I boarded my hard sleeper train carriage for the 30-hour jaunt to Kashgar. Completed in 2000, the serpentine track between capitals new and old skirts the mammoth dunes of the Taklamakan proper to the south, and the service is plagued by sand storms, ferocious winds and frequent derailments.
I was overjoyed, after a quick glance into the bedlam of the hard seat carriage, that should we be derailed, I would at least be spending my time stretched out on a bed. As the dying desert sun imparted stunning hues of crimson and pink onto the eerie, jagged peaks sliding past the window, I fell asleep to the metronomic sound of my carriages stately progress, and the grunts, snores and wheezes of various traveling companions.
Kashgar, self-styled "crown jewel " of the Silk Route, sits at an altitude of 4,228 feet on the western edge of the Taklamakan. It has been an important trading centre for over two millennia, and merchants from neighboring Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Pakistan continue to fuel the city with impromptu street-corner negotiations, perpetual bazaars and back-room deals. Shifting geopolitics have re-opened lines of communication, and it 's not hard to visualize a new high-tech Silk Route extending across the region. Kashgar 's future appears firmly rooted in its celebrated past. Prior to the arrival of the Mongols (the great Genghis Khan occupied Kashgar in 1219), Islam first arrived in Kashgar by the tenth century CE. The city became such a centre of Islamic learning that one of the greatest Muslim scholars and lexicographers of the eleventh century, Mahmud al-Kashgari, was buried just outside of the city in Upal Village. Al-Kashgari compiled the first complete Turkish dictionary, which has been translated into 26 languages. Here, the early Muslims encountered strong Chinese, Persian, Turkic, and Indian influences, much of which can still be seen in the region 's art and architecture. Today, Kashgar train station is a glistening, marble-clad monolith connected to the city by an umbilical two-lane highway, freshly painted and totally empty. My battered taxi wheezed past the People 's Park, complete with its outsized statue of Mao (reportedly one of only three places in China still graced by the great leader), and pulled up at the appointed hotel. Despite the glowing neon and selection of shops from the usual Chinese chains, there was thankfully still an air of the exotic about this far-flung outpost. Grabbing my camera, I re-entered the stifling midday heat and immediately headed for Kashgar's old quarter.
Captivated by Kashgar
To enter the labyrinthine, jumbled mass of backstreets centered around Kashgar's dominating Id Kah mosque is to experience Uyghur life at its busiest and most authentic. Mud brick homes with ornate doorways jostle for space with quaint, diminutive mosques, shopfronts decorated with assorted cuts of mutton, and merchants plying their roadside trade. Groups of Uyghur men with sun-darkened, careworn faces and pristine white taqiyah (caps) sit on low stools, engaged in animated conversation, or gather round battered pool tables. Uyghur women in colorful headscarves and long dresses, occasionally veiled, walk arm-in-arm through the din and confusion, the epitomy of serenity and modesty. It's hard not to go a little photo-crazy in the midst of this cultural treasure trove of sights and smells. However, displaying a camera in Kashgar's old quarter is an open invitation to the hordes of loitering Uyghur children who naturally congregate around anyone looking remotely foreign. Blithely snapping away, I was quickly surrounded by a mass of highly photogenic kids, literally begging to be captured on film. Using surprisingly good English, my new found gaggle of friends quickly quizzed me on my nationality, occupation and marital status, and willingly arranged themselves at my discretion for a lengthy photoshoot which only ended when I dove for cover into a nearby teahouse. After a dinner of delicious dapanji (chicken, potatoes and noodles Uyghur-style) and a comfortable night's sleep in a stationary bed, I awoke early the next day ready to experience Kashgar's famed Sunday market. Once a week Kashgar's population swells by 50,000 as people from near and far flock to one of Asia's most incredible open markets. With the sun still low in the sky, I was carried along by a raucous crowd of pedestrians, horses, bikes, motorcycles, donkey carts, tractors, trucks and tuk-tuks to a massive outdoor maze of livestock pens and covered stalls on Kashgar's eastern periphery. The air was thick with dust as sheep, goats, camels, cows and donkeys mingled with buyers and sellers, and money was changing hands everywhere. Rugs and blankets, boots and clothing, fruit and vegetables, hardware and all manner of junk were on sale. To my right a market blacksmith was doing a brisk trade, and to my left a vendor of dogh (a local drink made from ice, syrup, yogurt and water) was rapidly quenching people's thirst. After a few unforgettable hours my memory card was full and my nose and eyes thoroughly clogged with dirt - it was time to head back to the hotel to wash, eat and plan the next leg of my journey, along the Karakoram Highway to Lake Karakul.
High Life on the Highway
As a feat of engineering, the Karakoram Highway is a triumph of man over nature (at least temporarily). It is the highest paved international road in the world, and follows a network of ancient trade routes linking Kashgar with the Pakistani capital, Islamabad. Along the way it crosses the Khunjerab Pass (4800m), otherwise known as the "Valley of Blood " - a reference to local bandits who took advantage of the terrain to plunder caravans and slaughter merchants. More blood was spilt during the 20 years it took to push level and blast the present 1300km highway through the mountains: over 400 road-builders died, and it didn 't take me more than a few hours in my hired taxi to see why. Lake Karakul is located in the snappily named Kizilsu Kirgiz Autonomous Prefecture, and my Uyghur cabbie informed me it would be a five hour ride from Kashgar. Leaving the city, the imposing, snow-capped Pamir Mountains quickly swung into view, like silent sentinels guarding a hidden kingdom. After an hour barreling down an unmade road we halted at the village of Upal, taking a breather to inspect an interesting local cemetery behind the tomb of Mahmud Al-Kashgari. As I made my way between the multitude of crumbling, earthen headstones, I realized that this was the first proper graveyard I had seen in China, slowly merging with its surroundings as it suffered the vagaries of time and weather.
Continuing from Upal the highway began to climb, and the surrounding geology became increasingly spectacular. Flanking the road were massive sandstone cliffs, long-eroded and twisted by unseen natural forces. The subtle red, black and grey shades of these impressive rock formations were incredibly beautiful, and I found myself apologizing to the driver for incessant photo stops. Passing through the border checkpoint at Ghez, the road became even steeper, and the air noticeably cooler and moister. Gushing mountain torrents cascaded from mist-shrouded slopes to accompany the road, and huge boulders balanced precariously above us on overhanging crags.
As the road leveled out at the top of the incline, we entered a world of crystal clear pools and lakes, sweeping dunes and boulder-strewn plains, ringed by snowy peaks wreathed in heavy cloud. The highway was being reconstructed here, and camels and yaks vied with earth-moving equipment for space next to makeshift roadside dwellings. Clutching the wheel with one hand, my driver pointed out the twin summits of Kongur Shan (7719m) and Muztagh Ata (7546m), which cradle Lake Karakul in their vastness, and give the area a stunning backdrop. Enclosed by ice mountains, the still, translucent waters of Lake Karakul (literally "black water " in Kyrgyz) reflected their surroundings with startling clarity. Like a slow-moving film, the color of the water mirrored the sky above, bright blue and aquamarine hues merging with somber greys as dark cumulus scudded overhead. Spurning the overly commercial lakeside yurts, I made my way to a nearby Kyrgyz village, seeking accommodation. The ancestors of the Kyrgyz were probably European, and the fair skin and blue eyes of the villagers who took me in was initially quite startling. Subash enjoys the luxury of part-time electricity, and most inhabitants make their living from animal husbandry and the occasional sale of trinkets, jewelry and rugs to passing tourists. The spartan nature of my mud-brick living quarters was easily offset by the genuine warmth of my hosts, and every villager was keen to meet and greet me, despite the general lack of a common language. After an undisturbed afternoon 's lakeside horse riding, a night spent chatting and sipping yak butter tea with these delightful people was a fitting climax to my journey. Despite the changes that this region will undoubtedly undergo in the near future, I came away hoping that this special and remote corner of China would remain undeveloped for years to come.

Kadeer's US sponsor has ulterior motives

2009-08-15T04:45:00.002-07:00

The National Endowment for Democracy's financial support to Xinjiang separatist organizations led by Rebiya Kadeer is a direct interference in China's internal affairs, says an article in Global Times.
Excerpt:
There is evidence to prove that the National Endowment for Democracy (NED) of the US has for years been sponsoring separatist activities in the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, led by Rebiya Kadeer, chairman of World Uygur Congress (WUC). A staff in NED, who didn't want to be named, has said the NED plans to grant more than $500,000 to WUC this year.
Xinjiang separatist Kadeer has had close connections with the NED for a long time. In 2005, with the help of NED president Carl Gershman, Rebiya fled to the US after Xinjiang authorities released her on bail for medical treatment on the promise that she would never do anything against her motherland China. Later, she became president of the International Uygur Human Rights and Democracy Foundation (IUHRDF). Gershman also offered the initial funds to set up the foundation.
After the July 5 riots in Urumqi, two US congressmen advanced a proposal and pressured the US government to support Kadeer. It was Gershman again who introduced them to Kadeer.
Facts show the NED has been offering financial support to "East Turkistan" organizations operating from abroad since 2004. Till June 2009, it had given about $2.24 million to them.
The separatist organizations usually get the NED funds under two heads: directly sponsored "programs" or in the name of "private funding". Apart from supporting separatist activities, the funds have also been used on Washington political lobbyists as "political investment".
A Xinjiang official said the funds Kadeer got from the NED have been directly related to the troubles in the region.
An article in the Canadian think tank, Global Research, says Washington's interference in Xinjiang have nothing to do with human rights. Instead, it is aimed at the strategic importance of Xinjiang in economic and energy resources fields. These indicate that the US government wants to interfere in China's internal affairs by supporting Xinjiang separatist activities in the name of NED.

Rebiya Kadeer lies again

2009-08-15T04:45:00.001-07:00

Rebiya Kadeer is a regular liar and a bald-faced one at that.
Addressing the National Press Club in Australia's capital Canberra on Tuesday, the chairwoman of the World Uyghur Congress (WUC) lied again, right to the reporters' faces.
Kadeer accused Chinese authorities of removing Uyghur-language lessons from schools and forcing the Uighurs to learn Chinese.
"I think the Chinese government should stop its invasive policy of single-language (Chinese) education and allow students and their parents to choose whatever language they aspire to learn," she said through an interpreter.
Interestingly though, Kadeer made her remarks in Uyghur, the language she would not have been able to speak should the Chinese government have deprived her of her right to learn it.
China, Kadeer said, has adopted "biased policies towards ethnic minorities" in the past 60 years, exploited the Uyghurs and pushed all of them into a "state of extreme poverty."
But she herself was once a "millionairess" in Xinjiang and stood as a strong testament to China's preferential policies toward ethnic minorities there.
Starting from a small business in the 1980s, Kadeer worked her way up to become the richest woman in Xinjiang before she broke Chinese law and was sentenced to jail.
Still, during her appearance at the press club, Kadeer continued to tell lies in a vain attempt to cover the bare facts and her separatist intentions.
Throughout her "speech," Kadeer called China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "East Turkistan," and publicly proclaimed that Xinjiang was an "independent country" before 1949 and that Chinese troops "invaded" and "annexed" the region.
Books compiled by Western historians never said Xinjiang was an independent country before 1949, not to mention that there was no such ridiculous record of it in Chinese history.
Isn't it a pack of lies, then, for Kadeer to say she does not seek secession and independence?
Lies, even repeated a thousand times, remain lies. A clumsy liar draws the derision of those with discerning eyes, and each lie Kadeer tells will be a display of her true separatist nature.

A dull show by Rebiya Kadeer

2009-08-15T04:44:00.002-07:00

On Saturday, 34 days after the July 5 riot in China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region that claimed 197 lives, a controversial documentary depicting Rebiya Kadeer, a notorious Chinese separatist, was screened at the Melbourne International Film Festival.
Kadeer, 62, was among the several hundred viewers at Melbourne Town Hall to watch the 53-minute "The 10 Conditions of Love."
The host at the screening had apparently expected praises and applauds at the end of the showing, but Kadeer appeared on the stage only to find that many in the audience had started to leave.
Allen and Dana, a couple who left the hall skipping the question-and-answer session, told Xinhua that they were not at all interested in what Kadeer would say after the screening.
They said they believed that Kadeer and her supporters intended to use the occasion to promote their views and influence.
Expressing deep disappointment, a university professor who identified herself as Catherine told Xinhua that the film was full of prejudices.
She said she had lived in China for two years and had been to Xinjiang, which enabled her to witness the great changes which have taken place in China and the huge progress in Xinjiang brought about by the Chinese government's preferential policies toward ethnic minorities there.
Rebiya Kadeer, with an education background of only elementary school, could not have been able to achieve her business success if she had not benefited from those policies, Catherine said.
Kadeer started from a small business in the 1980s and worked her way to the richest woman in Xinjiang. She had also been a delegate to the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference,
China's top political consultative body, before she was found leaking state secrets to overseas separatists.
Kadeer was given a lot of honor by the government, but the ungrateful woman in the end turned against the government, Catherine said, adding that it put a question mark on her integrity and credibility.
Freelance writer Linda told Xinhua while walking out of the hall that it was a poorly shot documentary among the nearly 200 films that were screened at the annual international festival in Melbourne.
She said she was here simply because issues concerning Xinjiang were hyped up recently in Australia by some media.
That did not mean she agreed with what Kadeer's biopic said, she added.
During the question-and-answer session, Kadeer was at one point stumped for words in response to a question about the July 5 violence.
A man from the audience who called himself David challenged Kadeer's assertion that she is an advocate of non-violence.
"I have stayed in China for three years... Personally I think China's ethnic policies do create opportunities for the people of all ethnic minorities in China," David said, adding that Kadeer was herself one of the beneficiaries.
He noted that the casualties of Han Chinese in the July 5 riot were much higher than those of Uygurs. How come the Chinese government suppressed ethnic minorities?
The question left Kadeer and the director speechless with embarrassment. After all, lies will collapse of themselves.
Kadeer is leader of the World Uygur Congress which is believed to be behind the deadly July 5 rioting in Urumqi, capital of northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.
Seven Chinese films have been withdrawn from the 58th Melbourne International Film Festival in protest at the screening of Kadeer's biopic. The directors of the Chinese films have expressed strong condemnation against the festival's invitation of Kadeer.

Netizen blamed for Urumqi riot by spreading fake violence video

2009-08-15T04:44:00.001-07:00

A netizen, who was believed to be a key member of the World Uygur Congress (WUC), was blamed by Chinese authorities for fanning ethnic confrontation that caused the deadly July 5 riot in Urumqi by spreading online a fake video about "a Uygur girl beaten to death".
The video, about a girl in red being beaten to death by a group of people using stones, was originally broadcast by the CNN in May, 2007, as something happened in the Mosul city of Iraq on April 7, 2007.
However, on July 3, 2009, the netizen, named "Mukadaisi", spread it on an Internet group of Uygurs on qq.com and said it was a Uygur girl beaten to death by the Han people.
Authorities said their investigations found that the man was a key member of the WUC in Germany and his fake video fanned ethnic confrontation and "added fuel to the fire".
In the Internet group, the man used extreme words to encourage Uygur people to "fight back with violence" and "repay blood with blood".

Xinjiang refutes Kadeer's '10,000 missing' claim

2009-08-15T04:43:00.000-07:00

The claim by Rebiya Kadeer that more than 10,000 Uygurs disappeared in the wake of the July 5 riots, believed to have been arrested or killed, is groundless, a spokeswoman of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region told the Global Times yesterday in reaction to the World Uygur Congress (WUC) leader's speech during her visit to Japan.
Kadeer, accused by the Chinese government of being a separatist and masterminding the riots that left about 200 people dead and more than 1,600 injured, told a Tokyo press conference yesterday during the second day of her visit to Japan that nearly 10,000 people “disappeared in one night” following the riots in Urumqi, the capital of Xinjiang.
“If they are dead, where are their bodies? If they are detained, where are they?” she said.
Hou Hanmin, spokeswoman of the regional government, said the claim was so groundless that it was “not even worth a counter reaction.”
“If there were more than 10,000 missing, how many more of them would have taken part in the riot?” Hou asked.
According to an AP report shortly after the riot, “police showed up to disperse a crowd of between 1,000 and 3,000 demonstrators,” which is close to the estimates of reports by other media organizations, both Chinese and foreign.
Urumqi police yesterday announced that they had arrested 253 more suspects allegedly closely connected to the riots, following the initial arrests of 1,434 suspects by July 7, the Xinhua News Agency reported.
Police said most of the latest arrests were made from tip-offs provided by local residents, including one report in which a family of five burned to death after rioters locked the door of their store selling grain and edible oil and set it on fire.
“I felt uneasy for at least two nights. Once I closed my eyes, I would picture the scene of the raging fire shrouding the store,” a Uygur man who did not give his name told the police July 7. “I would never find peace if I didn't inform the police of it.”
Some of the suspects arrested earlier have been released after police found they did not commit serious crimes, Hou told the Global Times.
In response to a Global Times' inquiry as to how Kadeer set the number of disappeared at 10,000, Dilshat Rashit, spokesman for the US-based WUC, said the organization has been following the situation in Xinjiang via foreign reports.
“When Uygur women were interviewed by foreign media, they said more than 1,000 Uygurs were killed and nearly 10,000 were arrested,” he said. “As far as we know, the arrest of Uygurs is continuing, so there are definitely more than 10,000 arrested.”
Howevr, he didn't explain how those “Uygur women interviewed by foreign media” put the total number of those arrested.
He suggested that the United States, which “has always been concerned with China's religious and human rights issues,” take tougher measures against China, including economic sanctions.
Earlier in July, Mu-Card Deiss, a member of the WUC, circulated online a video clip of a “Uygur girl” being beaten to death.
“It was actually a piece edited from footage of a CNN video showing a girl killed in Iraq on April 7, 2007,” Xinhua pointed out.
Kadeer's remarks also backfired among Uygur residents in China. Rustan, manager of a Muslim restaurant at the Beijing Language and Culture University said, “When I was young, I just thought she was a very rich woman, and I admired her a lot. But I never expected that she would attack China with ridiculous remarks while staying overseas.”
He said he doesn't understand why Kadeer does all these “evil things” to China.
“We're all Chinese, and I don't want to follow what she's talking about,” he said.
Tuson Nizam, a Uygur from Kuqa County, Xinjiang, who now sells jade in Beijing, expressed his indignation at the riots, saying the Uygurs who participated in the riots are nothing but “lazy bones.”
“I treat all Han and Uygur people equally well, so they will treat me well in return,” he said.
The Foreign Ministry summoned Japan's ambassador in Beijing, expressing its “dissatisfaction” with Japan's treatment of Kadeer, believed to be a “criminal” by China.
Kadeer's visits to Australia and Japan have put those countries' ties with China to the test.
Yang Bojiang, a researcher at the Chinese Institute of Contemporary International Relations, said: “Kadeer's ‘separatist activities' would have an impact on the overall situation of China's relationship with the US, Japan and European countries.”

Kadeer's Japan visit draws public ire

2009-08-15T04:42:00.000-07:00

Japan's foreign ministry downplayed yesterday the impact of Rebiya Kadeer's visit to Japan, contrary to the result of a poll conducted among Chinese online users.
As of late last night, 90.7 percent of almost 20,000 Web users polled at huanqiu.com said they believed bilateral ties would be negatively impacted by the visit of the leader of the World Uyghur Congress alleged to have plot the deadly Xinjiang riots.
Hu Ang, a leader of overseas Chinese students in Japan, said his peers were angered by Japan's permission of entry for the Uygur exile, which was believed to be “an interference in the internal affairs of China.” No protesting had been arranged to object though, Hu said, citing security concerns.
An official of Japan's foreign ministry, who asked to remain anonymous, however, told the Global Times yesterday that he was confident bilateral ties would not turn sour.
“The two countries have set up a strategic and mutually beneficial relationship, and there are broader fields to focus on. The visit by a civilian won't have a bad influence on bilateral relations,” the official said, noting that Japanese officials would not meet Kadeer during her visit.
“The visa was issued to Kadeer in accordance with Japanese domestic laws and following conventional procedures,” he said.
Kadeer arrived in Tokyo yesterday for a three-day visit to Japan and will hold a press conference today.
According to a notice on the website of the Japan Policy Institute, Kadeer will skip a speech at a symposium originally scheduled for tomorrow in Tokyo and head back to the US for a closed-door meeting Friday on the Urumqi riots of July 5 that killed nearly 200 people. The meeting was arranged by the US House Committee on Foreign Affairs. Kadeer's husband will instead chair the symposium in Tokyo and present a pre-recorded speech by Kadeer.
It is unknown whether it was the institute, mainly formed by Japan's right-wing hardliners, that issued the invitation to Kadeer to visit Japan. Kadeer's supporters said she would meet some members of Japan's ruling Liberal Democratic Party.
Japanese media reported that Kadeer was invited by some human rights activists but refused to reveal their identities. Tokyo-based Jiji Press suggested that Mizutani Naoko, a lecturer at Japan's Chuo University, is behind the invitation and will host the symposium.
Geng Xin, deputy director of the JCC Japan Research Institute, said the mystery surrounding who invited Kadeer reflects the lack of confidence in and the tension surrounding the debate.
The Chinese Foreign Ministry expressed its strong dissatisfaction Monday with the Japanese government's green light for Kadeer's visit, while Cui Tiankai, China's ambassador to Japan, hinted that the visit could harm relations between the two neighbors that have improved after years of diplomatic spats over World War II history.
The public is expecting the Chinese government to take a tougher stance on Japan. “The Chinese government should impose appropriate sanctions on the Japanese government. Otherwise, they will do it again,” a Web user wrote on huanqiu.com.
“How could a criminal of China become an honorable guest in Japan? Damn it! China should play hard in foreign policies,” another post said.
Kadeer, once a successful businesswoman in Xinjiang. has denied any involvement in the riots.
China has rarely commented on Kadeer's travels before. In November 2007, Kadeer visited Japan for the first time, invited by the Japan branch of Amnesty International. The Dalai Lama has also visited Japan more than 10 times, to preach his views about the “Tibet issue” and call on Japanese politicians to interfere in the matter.
Not knowing why China objects to Kadeer's visit, some Japanese claim that China is interfering with Japan's domestic affairs. Kondou, a 35-year-old IT engineer in Tokyo, said he didn't know about Kadeer until he read online reports.
Liu Jiangyong, a professor of International Relations at the Institute of International Studies of Tsinghua University, argued that it is necessary to strengthen public diplomacy to enhance awareness of the truth of Urumqi's violent incident in Japanese society, which may find it hard to understand the complicated ethnic issue as a homogeneous society.
“Foreign diplomacy is an art. In addition to formal statements by the government, the media and non-governmental organizations should also play an important role in the campaign against separatist groups,” Liu said. “Warning Japan with economic or political measures on this issue is neither wise nor effective.”
Liu Junhong, a researcher at the Institute of Japanese Studies at the China Institutes of Contemporary International Relations, said Kadeer's visit is just a minor action under a broader strategy of the Japanese authorities to contain China's development.
“What they want to see is the price that China has to pay and the failure of China in its effort to focus all resources on development,” Liu said.
These actions deserve attention, but China needn't respond to each and every trick by Japan, Liu added.
“China is capable of leading regional cooperation and heading the establishment of the world's system,” Liu said.

Chinese web users worry Kadeer's visit will jeopardize Sino-Japan tie

2009-08-15T04:41:00.002-07:00

Over 85 percent of online voters are concerned about Sino-Japanese relations after the Japanese government granted a visa to Uygur dissident leader Rebiya Kadeer, who is believed to be the mastermind of the July 5 Xinjiang riots.
According to a report from Japan's Jiji press, Kadeer will appear at a press conference at the Japan National Press Club on Wednesday and later address the Japanese public.
In a poll conducted by huanqiu.com that began on the morning of July 27, 90 percent of voters (15,301 votes) by 3 pm on July 28 agreed to the question "Do you think Kadeer's visit to Japan will affect Sino-Japanese relations?" Seven percent of voters (1,182 votes) disagreed. Three percent (507 votes) showed no interest in the question.
"How can the Japanese government grant her a visa?" an anonymous web user commented on this poll. "I wonder what kind of government it is that expands its overseas military force on the excuse of combating terrorism while inviting such a terrorist into its own territory. It seems some western countries do not practice what they preach."
Another Internet user suggested that China should impose trade sanctions against Japan. "Countries like Japan never take into consideration the sentiments of the Chinese people. Why should we care about their feelings?"
During an interview with Japan's Kyodo News Agency on July 27, Cui Tiankai, Chin's ambassador to Japan, said, "If other countries invited a criminal who plotted violence and inflicted great casualties on Japan, how would Japanese citizens feel? I hope the Japanese government could put itself into China's shoes." He added that China takes a very clear stand and he has called on Japanese related departments to pay attention to it.
With regards to whether Kadeer's visit will jeopardize Sino-Japanese relations, Cui said, "There are many important things for the two governments to do, namely how to cope with the financial crisis together, how to reach reconciliation over the Korean peninsula and how to maintain and step up a strategic and mutually beneficial relationship between the two countries. We should not allow some separatist to stand in the way of the two countries' development and destroy our common interests."

China's EU ambassador writes article to reveal truth about riot in Xinjiang

2009-08-15T04:41:00.001-07:00

Chinese Ambassador and head of China's mission to the EU Song Zhe recently wrote an article to reveal the truth about the July 5 Urumqi violence in China's Xinjiang and rebut forcefully against distorted reports by some European media about the incident.
His article, entitled as "What Europe should understand about the violence in Urumqi" and with a sub-title as "Behind the brutality in China", was published by the European Voice. Here is the article:
Slashed flesh, cracked heads, slit throats, charred bodies were littering the streets. These were the scenes in Urumqi on 5 July. There were also buses burnt down to their frames and shops smashed to rubbles, but I will not dwell on these acts of lesser villainy.
By slaying 192 men and women of Han, Uighur and Hui ethnicity, the perpetrators of the recent violence in Urumqi, the capital of the Xinjiang region, staged an inhumane act of terror and committed crimes of savage brutality.
There is now evidence that this fanatical assault on innocent civilians was orchestrated by a separatist clique based outside China and organised by its branches inside the country.
Many of the assailants, after being captured by law-enforcement officials, were found to have flocked to the capital of Xinjiang from the south of the territory, a thousand miles away.
Before the incident, separatists based overseas issued calls for action - "without fear of sacrifice" - by internet or over the phone.
Does a conspiracy of such bloodthirstiness not warrant condemnation and a counter-strike? Is the effort by the Chinese government to restore social order not justified and worthy of the support of every just man and woman?
The Chinese people therefore naturally expected such condemnation and support from Europe. Many other countries sent such messages. We based that expectation on the knowledge that the spirit of humanism - and its compassion for life and peace - has been cherished in Europe since the Enlightenment.
It was beyond our comprehension that anyone, in the face of the bloody atrocities in Urumqi, could look on nonchalantly as lives were lost, while voicing concerns energetically about the rights of criminals caught red-handed.

Europe's largely insouciant reaction is, I believe, partly the result of what, to our people, seemed outrageously lopsided reporting. In the aftermath of the incident, the European media focused mostly on the wailing of Uighur women, armed police on patrol and on the paltering of Rebiya Nadeer, a Uighur businesswoman jailed by the Chinese authorities in 2000 for endangering China's security. They also showed their rhetorical skills, leading to clichéd accusations about an absence of human rights in China.
I will not waste words here disputing this senseless stereotype. Here, I will ask only this: what about the rights of those slain, hospitalized, bereaved and dispossessed?
While it is a sense of frustration that has prompted me to write, fury at lopsided reporting has led my fellow citizens to pour out their feelings on the internet. Some say they will never again have any confidence in the Western media.
A similar sentiment prompted 350 people to post a protest against distorted reporting on a bulletin board at the Urumqi News Center, an ad hoc facility set up by the Chinese authorities to assist foreign correspondents.
Reading Chinese blogs, which are unfortunately rendered inaccessible to European readers by language barriers, I found many moving stories of Han and Uighur people helping each other escape the thugs.
For example, two Uighur men protected with their bodies a police officer who had been knocked out, fending off not only bottles and stones, but also a looter who attempted to grab the officer's watch.
Checking out online surveys, I found 98 percent support for harsh punishment of the culprits and for the World Uighur Congress, of which Nadeer is president, to be labeled a terrorist group.
How I wish our European friends could gain such an unfiltered sense of the pulse of public opinion back in China.
However, neither sinister schemes nor slanders will prevent Xinjiang from moving forward.
The concerted efforts of all 47 ethnic groups in Xinjiang and the support of the whole Chinese nation will build a better future for the region.
An economy that is growing at a double-digit rate, numerous and large-scale construction projects, multi-lingual education and publications, 23,000 mosques in which to practise the Muslim religion, an administration in which more than half the civil servants come from ethnic minorities: these are among the reasons why Xinjiang will keep forging ahead, towards greater prosperity and harmony, and why it will remain a vibrant member of the Chinese family.
I believe that, like us, most Europeans wish the best for Xinjiang. I hope the torment and tragedy we witnessed this month will never happen again. I also hope people outside China will never again be misinformed in this way.

Piercing through Rebiya's veil

2009-08-15T04:39:00.000-07:00

Once again, Rebiya Kadeer is attempting to paint the Chinese government as a cruel repressor of the Uygurs, who she says suffered "decades of economic, social and religious discrimination, together with the widespread execution, torture and imprisonment."
In an article published by the British newspaper Guardian, Rebiya compared the Uygurs experience in China in the past 60 years and the experience of African-Americans in the United States before 1955.
But these two are, in Rebiya's own words, "half a world" apart and incomparable.
In the case of the pre-1955 US, African-Americans had to sit in the back of the bus, something Rebiya mentioned as an example of the discrimination suffered by the group.
However, in no way have the Uygurs experienced these kinds of things, or any similar discrimination. Anyone who does not believe this can just go around China and will see the Hans and the Uygurs rubbing shoulders with each other, especially in Xinjiang.
Rebiya also claimed that decades of economic discrimination has resulted in "anger and despair" among the Uygurs. But if that is the case, how did she herself manage to become a millionaire?
The truth is that the Chinese government has offered a wide range of preferential treatment to the Uygurs, as well as other ethnic minorities, especially in employment opportunities. The government has instituted rules that require all institutions in Xinjiang to recruit at least a fixed percent of Uygurs and other ethnic minorities in their staff. Preferential treatment is also granted when it comes to starting their own businesses and in tax policies.
Moreover, to better prepare the Uygurs and other non-Han ethnic groups for work, the State has made it easier for them to be educated. For example, they get 20 guaranteed extra points when taking part in the national college entrance examination.
In fact, this policy arrangement has roused some resentment among the Han. Some go so far as to try to change their ethnic status to get the extra points themselves. That situation is best illustrated by what happened this summer in Chongqing, where a high school graduate, among 31 other Han students, lied about his ethnic status. He was discovered, however, and deprived of the opportunity to enter the college this year in spite of his actual top rank in the whole region.
Therefore, Rebiya's finger-pointing is unfair, and the Chinese government should get some credit for what has been done for the non-Hans.

In her Guardian article, the exiled Uygur woman also accused Beijing of misrepresenting the Shaoguan incident and the Urumqi riots by covering up the deaths of many Uygurs. But all that she could point to were so-called "witness accounts," which, of course, were unverified.
Rebiya blamed the Chinese government for her inability to verify these eyewitness accounts in Xinjiang, because she said "communications have been virtually cut off." But if that was really the case, then how could "numerous residents" have told her about the "deaths of hundreds of Uighurs?"
It is also known that after what happened in Urumqi on July 5, hundreds of overseas journalists have gone to Xinjiang. Does this constitute "a lack of transparency?"
An examination of her "witness accounts" in the Shaoguan incident is also needed. Why hasn't she checked the "witness accounts" since there should be no cut-off in communications? Does she know the names of the alleged victims? Getting those names would not be very difficult if what she claimed really happened, as the Uygur workers are relatively small in number.
Even Rebiya and her World Uygur Congress (WUC) admitted the details of the incident were unsubstantiated and filled with allegations and dubious reports, according to American-German freelance journalist F. William Engdahl's article, the hidden agenda behind Xinjiang violence (click for the article).
But that did not prevent the Munich arm of the WUC from issuing a worldwide call for protest demonstrations against Chinese embassies.
Another accusation that Rebiya made against the Chinese government is that they are "using anti-Uighur anger to shore up its own legitimacy". But that can't be true. What the Chinese government is worried about most is continuing or escalating violence which is sure to ensue if the officials are really taking advantage of the anti-Uygur anger.
Actually, what many people have seen is the government working to promote ethnic unity by broadcasting videos and pictures of the Hans and the Uygurs living harmoniously together. Ubiquitous in Urumqi or other parts of Xinjiang are huge red banners calling for ethnic harmony.
What also exposed Rebiya's hypocrisy was the fact that while her article was full of alleged atrocities committed by the Chinese government on the Uygurs, the so-called human rights fighter did not mention a word about the victims in the Urumqi riots, except the hollow words of "I in no way endorse any of the violent acts" and "I am absolutely opposed to all violence."
Does she really care about human rights? If she does, why not call on her followers to stop violence? Maybe she is just using human rights as an excuse to achieve her hidden agenda.

WUC requests support from Dalai Lama

2009-08-15T04:38:00.002-07:00

The office of the Dalai Lama in Dharamsala, India, denied yesterday that it had received a request from the US-based World Uyghur Congress (WUC) seeking cooperation, a response that Chinese experts said would be indicative of the Dalai Lama's reluctance to be connected with the organization believed behind the riots in Xinjiang.
Alim Seytoff, a WUC spokesman, called on the Dalai Lama this week in a letter to cooperate with the group in a “global action” against the Chinese government on behalf of WUC President Rebiya Kadeer, according to Taiwan's Central News Agency (CNA), which said it received a copy of the letter from the Dalai Lama's office in New Delhi.
This is the first time that the WUC has explicitly said it hoped to obtain support and cooperation from the Dalai Lama since the July 5 riots in Urumqi, the report said.
However, Tenzin Taklha, a spokesman for the Dalai Lama's office, told the Global Times by phone yesterday that his office hadn't received such a letter from the WUC.
Taklha declined to say whether the exiled Tibetans would show support to the WUC. “We are dedicated to seeking mutually agreeable solutions,” he said.
Pan Zhiping, a senior researcher at the Xinjiang Academy of Social Sciences, told the Global Times yesterday that the Dalai Lama may fear that closer ties with the WUC would have a negative impact on his reputation and influence in the West.
Western governments have been largely muted in response to the riots in Urumqi, and that is because the Uygurs “lack a charismatic figure such as the Dalai Lama to lead them,” according to a report in the Canadian newspaper Globe and Mail.
The report noted that the United States has adopted a mild tone, with President Barack Obama merely asking all parties in Xinjiang “to exercise restraint.”
The European Union said that the violence in Xinjiang “is a Chinese issue, not a European issue.” Serge Abou, the EU's ambassador to China, noted that Europe has its own problems with minorities, and “we would not like other governments to tell us what is to be done.”
Pan said that Kadeer hoped to take advantage of the influence of the Dalai Lama, the so-called Tibetan spiritual leader, to disguise the WUC as a fighter for peace and human rights, and to win international recognition and support.
Kadeer met the Dalai Lama for the first time in 2005, soon after she fled to the US after being released on bail for medical treatment.
And on July 19, 2007, Dailai and Kadeer met for 45 minutes in Hamburg, Germany.
A WUC spokesman said that campaigning in the same city with the Dalai Lama would increase the international recognition of the “Uygur problem” on that occasion.
When they met again in another campaign at the MCI Center in Washington, DC, on March 19, 2008, several days after the March 14 incident in Tibet, Kadeer expressed her support for the Dalai Lama and his group.
Pan said there is no doubt that “the two groups of separatists have always had links and will continue to secretly work together.”
Such a view was echoed by Chinese government officials. Qin Gang, foreign ministry spokesman, said at a regular press briefing Tuesday that Kadeer and the Dalai Lama have one thing in common, “They are both engaged in activities of splitting China and undermining national unity.”
Pan doubted that the Dalai Lama would show support to the WUC, at least openly, given that the riots in Urumqi caused indignation among the Chinese public.
“The terroristic nature of the WUC was fully displayed in the July 5 deadly riots, which targeted helpless civilians,” Pan said. “Even other separatist groups do not want to be compared with the WUC.”

Urumqi riot was preplanned, reports say

2009-08-15T04:38:00.001-07:00

The riots in Urumqi, capital of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, were “designed to ignite violence,” the Xinhua News Agency reported yesterday.
People involved “appeared to have prepared weapons in the days leading up to the unrest,” it said.
On July 5, protests began simultaneously in more than 50 locations, targeting government institutions, news organizations, armed police stations, private residences and people, the Xinjiang Publicity Security Bureau claimed.
The rioters also damaged the public transport system, setting fire to 28 buses and damaging 255, the Urumqi Public Transportation Company said.
The rioters had prepared many weapons such as sticks and stones, and took action in various places at the same time, Nur Bekri, chairman of the Xinjiang government claimed in an interview with foreign reporters Saturday.
Police officers shot 12 rioters on the night of July 5, after firing guns into the air had “no effect” on the “extremely vicious thugs.”
“The police showed as much restraint as possible. Many of them were injured and one was killed,” he said.

Al-Qaeda claims revenge of Uygur deaths in Xinjiang riot

2009-08-15T04:37:00.000-07:00

An Al-Qaeda branch in North Africa is claiming revenge on China for the deaths of Uygurs in the deadly July 5 violence in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.
It also claimed it would attack over 50,000 Chinese workers in Algeria and Chinese projects in North Africa.At a regular press conference on July 14, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Qin Gang said the Chinese government is firmly opposed to terrorism of any form. He added the Chinese government will continue to pay close attention to the situation and strengthen cooperation with other countries to ensure the security of Chinese citizens and companies overseas.

China urges other countries to stop funding "East Turkistan terrorists"

2009-08-15T04:36:00.002-07:00

China on Tuesday strongly demanded that unnamed "relevant countries" stop their support for "East Turkistan terrorists" in the wake of the Urumqi riots.
"We firmly opposes any support for the 'three forces' by any foreign countries or overseas organizations and demand they immediately cease the support," said Foreign Ministry spokesman Qin Gang at a regular news briefing.
The "three forces" are separatism, terrorism and extremism.
Qin said a large amount of evidence showed the "three forces" at home and abroad never ceased activities to sabotage China's national security and that "relevant countries" had provided them support and funding.
Qin did not elaborate on the "relevant countries."
But U.S. State Department spokesman Ian Kelly confirmed at a press conference on Monday that a U.S. organization had provided funding for the World Uygur Congress led by Rebiya Kadeer, which the Chinese believe was behind the Urumqi riots and a series of protests at Chinese embassies worldwide.
"I do know that her organization does receive funds from the National Endowment for Democracy, which receives its funds from Congress," Kelly said.
The deadly July 5 riot in Urumqi, capital of northwestern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, has left at least 184 dead.
"We strongly demand that these countries should immediately stop their funding and support to the 'three forces' in any form," Qin said.
Qin said that the measures the Chinese government had taken to deal with the July 5 riots were not targeted at any ethnic group or religion and called on the Muslim countries to see the "truth" of the incident.
"If they realize the truth, they will understand China's ethnic and religious policies and the measures the Chinese government has taken to deal with the incident," Qin said.
Qin said China and Muslim countries had forged relationships of mutual respect and support. "The relationships will move forward on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, particularly mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit."
Qin reiterated that China firmly opposed terrorism in any form and would work with other countries to jointly combat terrorism and safeguard the security of Chinese personnel and organizations abroad.

'East Turkistan' a concept forged by separatists

2009-08-15T04:36:00.001-07:00

The term "Turkistan" appeared in Arabic geographical works in the Middle Ages. It meant "the region of the Turks" and referred to the areas north of the Sir River in Central Asia and the adjoining areas to the east of the river. As time went by, the modern ethnic groups in Central Asia rose one after another and divided up the area. By the 18th century, the geographical term of "Turkistan" hardly appeared in the historical records of the time.
In the early 19th century, imperialist powers during their colonial expansion into Central Asia revived the geographical term "Turkistan". In 1805, Timkovsky, a Russian, used the term "Turkistan" again in a diplomatic mission's report. He called the Tarim Basin in China's Xinjiang as "East Turkistan" or "Chinese Turkistan."
Meanwhile, the British were trying to stop Russia from expanding its influence into South Asia. British historian E. Victor Gordon Kiernan wrote in his book - British diplomacy in China, 1880 to 1885 - that the British Indian Department even suggested that an "independent" Xinjiang friendly to Britain but hostile to Russia would serve as a "buffer" between the two colonial powers.
In the early 20th century and later, a small number of separatists and religious extremists in Xinjiang, influenced by the overseas religious extremism and national chauvinism, politicized the idea of "East Turkistan" and fabricated the history of "East Turkistan", which had not even existed.
They incited all ethnic groups speaking Turki and believing in Islam to join hands to create a theocratic state. They clamored for "opposition to all ethnic groups other than Turks" and for the "annihilation of pagans".
From the early 20th century to the late 1940s, the "East Turkistan" forces created many disturbances with the support of hostile foreign forces. There were also several attempts at separating parts from Xinjiang for an "East Turkistan", but all failed to win substantial local public support.
Since the peaceful liberation of Xinjiang along with the founding of New China, the tiny group of separatists who had fled abroad from Xinjiang collaborated with those at home, and looked for opportunities to carry out activities with the support of international forces that try to divide China.
In the 1990s, influenced by religious extremism, separatism and international terrorism, part of the "East Turkistan" forces both inside and outside China brought terror and violence into their activities to split Xinjiang away from China. These included explosions, assassinations, arsons, poisonings and assaults, seriously jeopardizing the lives, property and security of the Chinese people of various ethnic groups, and social stability in Xinjiang, and posing a threat to the security and stability of the countries and regions concerned.
After the September 11 terror attacks on the US, the voices calling for an international anti-terrorist struggle and cooperation have become louder. So the "East Turkistan" forces have raised the issues of "human rights", "freedom of religion" and "interests of ethnic minorities" to try to dodge the War on Terror and mislead world opinion.

Seeking the 'black hand' behind the Xinjiang terror

2009-08-15T04:35:00.000-07:00

Nearly a week after the deadly riot bruised Urumqi and sent residents fleeing its major streets, it was quite a relief to see people gradually return to normal life.
The first weekend after last Sunday's riot seemed peaceful in Urumqi, with residents strolling in downtown parks with their families, banks reopening after a five-day business suspension and business owners looking to the future.
Some people began holding funeral rites for the dead, while soldiers in riot gear stood guard nearby.
A group of photos filed by my colleagues in Urumqi Saturday showed snow white pigeons, the symbol for peace, struttiug in a square near the city's major bazaar.
In one of them, a woman was crouching, reaching out an arm to stroke one of the birds while a baby rested in her other arm. From the looks in their eyes I read yearning for life as it is.
Canadian teacher Josph Kaber said he sensed tension when some Uygur-run stores on the campus of Xinjiang University were closed after Sunday's riot. "The very next day, young couples were seen strolling by the artificial lake again, and I knew things were getting better."
Shock and terror
But for those bereft of their beloved ones in last Sunday's riot, the worst to have hit the Uygur autonomous region in six decades, the trauma would probably take a lifetime to heal.
Chinese people customarily think the seventh day after death is an important occasion for families and friends to mourn the deceased.
Now on the eve of this special mourning day, as shock and terror at the bloodshed give way to anguished quest for the cause of the tragedy, we all feel their grief and are ourselves eager to find out the black hand behind the terror.
It is not surprising that Rebiya Kadeer is in the spotlight. If not for what happened in Urumqi last Sunday, most Chinese people would know little of the former businesswoman who built a fortune in Urumqi and became a rising star in the country's political arena, got jailed for stealing national secrets, and fled to the United States in 2005.
People continued to bombard Kadeer Saturday: Some said the World Uygur Congress leader was seeking to become a Dalai Lama much needed by "East Turkestan," while others mocked her photo with the exiled Tibetan monk.
In an interview with Xinhua Saturday, former chairman of Xinjiang's regional government Ismail Amat said the woman was "scum" of the Uygur community and was not entitled to represent the Uygur people.
For most people, the Uygur woman's profile was blurry, stuck in the dilemma of her rags-to-riches legend and her separatist, sometimes terrorist, attempts.
Kadeer took advantage of China's reform and opening up policy to build her fortune, but ended up building connections with East Turkestan terrorists and selling intelligence information to foreigners.
"Peaceful" protest?
When the rioters in Urumqi's streets, in an outrageous demonstration of violence, slaughtered innocent civilians and left thousands fleeing or moaning in agony, the "spiritual mother of the Uygur people" touted by East Turkestan terrorists insisted they were "peaceful protesters."
To illustrate her point, Kadeer ironically showed a photo in a Tuesday interview with Al Jazeera, which later proved to have been cropped from a Chinese news Website on an unrelated June 26 protest in Shishou in central Hubei Province.
Until Friday, she was still spreading rumors in an interview with AP, most of which centered on what she called "Chinese brutality".
As I read this I recalled vividly a text message a friend sent me via cell phone from Urumqi shortly after the riot.
"I feel like crying," wrote the man of 26, "to see the mobs beating up and killing the innocent, and setting fire to vehicles and stores ... I hate myself for not being able to do anything to stop them. Even a police officer is crying."

Woman behind Xinjiang riot caught self-contradictory

2009-08-15T04:34:00.000-07:00

Denying their role in the bloodbath in Urumqi that killed 184, a woman in exile and her Washington D.C.-based organization were busy before and after the tragic killings.
Rebiya Kadeer, 62, chairwoman of the World Uygur Congress (WUC) that has close contact with terrorist organizations, was found making phone calls before the riot to her brother in Xinjiang to "predict" that "something big would happen." And after the riot, she was busy meeting the international press.
But very too often, Kadeer was caught self-contradictory when making accusations against the Chinese government and disseminating "unconfirmed" reports from anonymous sources.
While repeatedly grumbling about the government's shutdown on telephone lines and Internet access and soliciting international pressure for transparency, she boldly asserted "hundreds of Uygurs are now dead" based on her alleged contacts from capital of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region.
One significant source of her is "within East Turkestan," a hotbed of the East Turkestan Islamic Movement (ETIM) which was listed in 2002 by the US State Department as a terrorist organization. And the WUC was formed by two organizations, one of which was the Uygur Youth Congress, also labeled a terrorist organization.
In a Tuesday interview with Al Jazeera, Kadeer showed a testimonial photo which purported to show "peaceful Uygur protesters" in Urumqi and how they were treated by the police. The photo was later found to be cropped from a Chinese news website image on an unrelated June 26 protest in Shishou, Hubei Province.
Another enlarged photo held by members of the World Uygur Congress in front of the Chinese Embassy in Ankara, Turkey, after the riot to expose street violence, however, was just a traffic accident scene from May 15 thousands of kilometers away in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province.
The WUC and Kadeer should have been very meticulous about such important image "evidence" intended to accuse the Chinese government of "rampant atrocity."
Besides these, the WUC went on to author a lengthy opinion piece with Kadeer bylined on the Wall Street Journal in English on July 8, criticizing the rule of the central government in Xinjiang and appealing to outside forces to intervene in this domestic

Just as they could have expected, the article became an instant hit. But to their dismay, they were also exposed to the scrutiny of millions of international readers.
One of the nearly 100 comments posted on the newspaper's webpage found that the accusation against China's ethnic policy does not hold water at all, because Kadeer has been one of the primary beneficiary of the policy itself, and her past was, paradoxically, something of an American dream, albeit played out in China.
Kadeer built her business empire within just one decade, from stall-keeper to millionaire. She was once comfortable with participating in the governmental establishment that she later harshly criticized. She enjoyed the celebrity status of being the richest Uygur woman and served a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC).
A post by "Benchi Sun" said that the fact that she had 11 children (others said 6) confirms that Uygurs are not subject to China's one child policy; her life story in China proves that Uygurs in China are not excluded from political life, nor deprived of the opportunity to thrive economically.
The World Uygur Congress, of which Kadeer is president, also urged Uygurs, many having connections with the ETIM, in cities across the world to attack Chinese embassies and consulates. Four violent Uyghur protesters who pelted stones on the Chinese embassy in The Hague on Monday have been sentenced to one week in prison, Dutch media reported Thursday.
While eulogizing the US as having "always spoken out on behalf of the oppressed," Kadeer urged the country, in the Wall Street Journal article, to intervene.
However, Kadeer was quickly reminded by another post entry that she had been arrested in China "because she provided funding to Eastern Turkestan and carried out activities in China following instructions from Eastern Turkestan," which is labeled a terrorist organization by most countries including the United States, Russia and China.
The discredited Kadeer surely loves the spotlight and photo-op, but she should also bear in mind that greater publicity may do her more harm than good, if she keeps telling lies.

Witnesses tell details of Monday's shooting in Urumqi

2009-08-15T04:30:00.000-07:00

An imam of a mosque in Urumqi, capital of Xinjiang, said Tuesday that the three Uygur men — two shot dead and one was injured on Monday — had been attempting to instigating prayers and attacking a security guard.
The imam, who said on condition of anonymity that about 150 Muslims were having a Monday prayer from 2:30 p.m. to 3 p.m. in the mosque on Jiefang South Road, when one of the men stood up and tried to grab the speaker from the imam. But he was stopped.
Minutes later, the man stood up again, holding a green banner and shouting calls for "jihad". He also asked the prayers to follow him, the imam said.
The imam said he decided to end the religious ritual and told the man "We will definitely not follow you. Get out!" No prayers at the scene showed any sign of intention to go with the man, the imam added.
When the imam called for driving the man out of the mosque, two men, who later proved to be his partners, took out three knives about 50 cm long from a bag and tried to force the prayers to follow them.
Security guards of the mosque immediately came over to stop the mobs. One of the Uygur guards in his forties, who also spoke on condition of anonymity, said he was starting to run with frightened prayers, in an attempt to lead the mobs away.
The mobs ran after him out of the mosque and down the road, wielding the knives, until they were stopped by patrolling police.
The police were forced to shoot at the men after they fired warning shots in a failed attempt to stop them from attacking the guard. Two died at the scene and the injured person was rushed to the People's Hospital.

Rebiya Kadeer's funding sources

2009-08-15T03:24:00.000-07:00

Although Rebiya Kadeer failed to win the Nobel Peace Prize that she had dreamed of, some anti-China forces found what they had been seeking.
In 2005, Rebiya fled to the US after being released on bail for medical treatment and now lives in Fairfax, Virginia, south of Washington DC. Before going abroad, she had repeatedly promised the Chinese government that she would never participate in any activity that might jeopardize national security.
Once she arrived in the US however, she has been committed to "Xinjiang independence" activities. In the same year, she founded the US-based International Uyghur Human Rights and Democracy Foundation (IUHRDF). In 2006, she became president of the Uyghur American Association (UAA) and was elected as president of the World Uyghur Congress (WUC) at its Second General Assembly in the same year.
As soon as Rebiya arrived in the US, the "renowned" National Endowment for Democracy (NED) came to visit her, expressing a willingness to offer financial support. The sponsor behind the foundation is the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).
It has been disclosed that the NED annually grants 200,000 USD to the UAA. In 2007, East Turkestan Islamic Movement (ETIM) organizations, including the WUC and IUHRDF led by Rebiya, received a total of 520,000 USD of financial support from the NED.
In addition, some anti-China US congressmen have become guests of honor for Rebiya, and frequently invited her to deliver speeches at the so-called "Congressional Human Rights Caucus Meeting."
Even former president George W. Bush met with Rebiya twice in 2007 and 2008 prior to the Beijing Olympics, calling her a freedom warrior. Members of the CIA often disguised as reporters and non-government organization (NGO) volunteers expressed their concerns to her, keeping close touch with her on the issue of ETIM prisoners at Guantanamo Bay.
Since the beginning of 2009, the WUC had prepared for its third General Assembly, which also received support from American congressmen and the NED.
Rebiya once said they would plan some penetration and sabotage activities at the third General Assembly targeting the grand celebration for the 60th anniversary of the People's Republic of China; and formulate a plan of "three phases for Xinjiang independence in 50 years."
The WUC website impressively showed that the WUC Third General Assembly was unexpectedly held in the South Congressional Meeting Room with the participation of nearly 10 US congressmen. Most of these congressmen are veteran anti-China politicians.
On the second day following the July 5 incident, Rebiya made a speech at a press conference held at the National Press Club, saying that the Chinese government's accusations were "completely false." However, the club is an institution under the US Department of State.
Some US-based media have also become a "megaphone" for Rebiya. On June 1, US-based WPFW Pacifica radio interviewed Rebiya, in which she even claimed that historically, Tibet and Xinjiang were not part of China, and stated that "repression, imprisonment, and executions" in Xinjiang "had actually increased dramatically since 9/11."
She claimed that the best way to make the outside world understand the situation in Xijiang was to inform foreign officials, especially those of the US, "Because they had always been very concerned with the human rights situation in China. The Uyghur people always have this strong faith in the United States."
The New York Times disclosed on April 23 that Rebiya had said, "Politicians and human rights organizations from all over the world were active on behalf of Tibet. The conditions in the Uyghur nation were much the same. But interest from abroad in the two...could not have been more dissimilar." Rebiya also tried to smear China by writing articles for the Washington Post, attempting to gain sympathy from the West by means of the so-called pursuit of democracy and human rights.

Rebiya Kadeer

2009-08-14T23:44:00.001-07:00

Rebiya Kadeer was born in 1951 in Xinjiang. After reforming and opening-up in the late 1970s, she rented a shop to start her business. Her successes as a businesswoman earned her the local nickname "the millionaires" and became a member of the 8th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

In March 2000, Rebiya Kadeer was sentenced to eight years in prison by the Xinjiang Intermediate Court for providing national intelligence to overseas organizations. During her imprisonment, she requested to be released on medical parole. Local judicial departments agreed on humanitarian grounds.
On March 11, 2005, Rebiya Kadeer went to the US on medical parole. Upon her release, she promised never to do anything that harms national interests.
In August 2005, CPC Politburo member and Xinjiang Regional Party Secretary Wang Lequan told the press that Rebiya Kadeer didn't keep her promise. She was colluding with leaders of terrorist, secessionist, extremist, and criminal organizations. She was organizing and plotting activities that aim to split China. She also asked her childrren to liquidate their assets and transfer the money to an offshore account and settled the children overseas.

Unveiled Rebiya Kadeer: a Uighur Dalai Lama

2009-08-14T23:42:00.000-07:00

Rebiya Kadeer, presiding over the 'World Uighur Congress' and the 'Uighur American Association,' denied the accusation of masterminding the July 5th Urumqi bloody riots. But what she did, in her so-called exile since 2005, has manifested as clear as daylight that she is an ironclad separatist colluding with terrorists and Islamic extremists and an instigator unceasingly fanning unrest among her followers within and outside of China.
The 58-year-old Kadeer is likened to the Dalai Lama, and the comparison grew more apt when she strived for Nobel Peace Prize, following in the footsteps of the Dalai Lama, who has been revered by Kadeer as the spiritual tutor. Like the Dalai Lama, Ms. Kadeer is also fully cognizant of the importance of P.R. endeavors in a bid to rally the international support. For all these years, she has devoted herself to globe-trotting and lobbying around for the 'rights and interests of the Uighurs.' And in the process, like the Dalai Lama, she is also clad in the religious garment in an attempt to convince others she is just decrying the 'stricture' carried out by the Chinese central government upon the Uighurs and their religion, but whatever she is pushing for, she insisted, is strictly confined to 'peaceful demonstration.'
Most ridiculously, the so-called 'peaceful demonstration' was staged on the Urumqi streets in the form of the most inhumane atrocities too horrible to look at. However, the Kadeer group abroad quickly washed clean themselves pleading ignorance of the beating, smashing, looting and burning incidents which have so far claimed 156 innocent civilian lives, and even recalibrated their gun muzzle toward the Chinese government chiding it for using the same template of accusations as it did in the Mar.14th Lhasa riots. Perhaps, it is none other than Rebiya Kadeer herself who knows fully well why it is so-- simply because she did as much, or more than, as the Dalai Lama and his clique to sow resentment among the ethnic Uighur people and instigate their discontent and hatred toward the government and other ethnic groups, while disregarding the fact that China's Xinjiang Autonomous Region enjoys a time-honored history as a civilized settlement with different ethnic groups living in a compact community and harmony.
Mud is mud, as the old saying goes. When Kadeer made a sensational phone call to her followers in Xinjiang on the very bloody day instructing them to mobilize the local outlaws to launch 'something more courageous and even bigger,' and when she drew upon the Internet in the days gone by to wide spread her separatist ideas and encourage sacrifice of the Uighurs for the 'Independence of East Turkistan,' the true color of a separatist has been thoroughly unveiled. And when, on July 5th and in the apparently preempted and premeditated plot which quickly spiraled into a tragic riot, a baby boy was witnessed smashed to death by a stray brick in his mother's arms, innocent passers-by were mutilated by choppers and swards wielded by the outlaws, and a lot more people were put out of business as their premises and lifework were destroyed within the horrifying three hours, the ferocious terrorist nature of Rebiya Kadeer group has been completely unmasked.
Rebiya Kadeer, in the pursuit of her dream of Nobel Prize, used to hire a shooter keeping a detailed record of her 'colorful personal experiences' and 'epic-like heroic legends.' The so-called autobiography was later published with the title 'Dragon Fighter', and with the foreword written by her much admired tutor, the Dalai Lama. The book has also been labeled by some anti-China political observers abroad as a living force in a fierce defiance of the Chinese government and its policies governing autonomous regions and ethnic minority groups, and Kadeer herself a fearless fighter for human rights and independence of China's Xinjiang Autonomous Region, 1/3 of China's territory. Unfortunately, Ms. Kadeer's deeds always betray the 'lofty goal' she is seeking after for dear life.
Before 1999, she was among the galaxy of the 'happy few' who benefited from China's achievements by adopting the reform and opening up policy, and was listed within the then top 10 richest persons in the country, and ranked No.1 in Xinjiang with a hoard of individual wealth worth over 100 million yuan. Rebiya, a mother of 11 children from two marriages, rose to fame rapidly as a shrewd businesswoman, and later was elected a member of the 8th National Committee of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and meanwhile she was also put in charge of the Chamber of Commerce in Xinjiang. But in 1999, she ended up her glorious days in prison with the charges of tax evasion and criminal acts endangering state secrets. Nevertheless, she did not see through her seven-year term and was released in 2005 for the consideration of her health. The same year, Rebiya applied for a chance to go to the U.S. and join her second husband, a veteran separatist, and gained approval from the government on the conditions that she would never involve in any plot fanning independence of Xinjiang, and subversive activity against the Chinese government, as Rebiya herself pledged repeatedly before her departure.
Obviously, she went back on her word. Since the notorious 'East Turkistan Islamic Movement' was blacklisted as a terrorist organization by the U.S. and the international community after the 9/11 terrorist attack, Rebiya changed her identity with no time to spare and into new forms of 'World Uighur Congress' and 'Uighur American Association,' but what remains unchanged under the bewildering disguise of the assorted names is the core essence of terrorism and violence, and the 'desperate fulfillment' of all her ambitions at the cost of civilians' life and property.
Nobel Prize will lose its luster if it were meted out to the hands stained with innocent blood. No government would have the tolerance when seeing its people are living in the dread of killing and looting. Physical damage could be measured in terms of money, but the trauma will linger on like a ghost. Rebiya, as well as those with the mentality marked by antipathy and gloom, might intend to dislocate the Chinese society and split China, but will be hoisted by their own petard.

Police refute Rebiya's claim of '100 deaths in Kashgar'

2009-08-14T23:41:00.000-07:00

Police in Kashgar, in northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Thursday denied claims by Rebiya Kadeer, the separatist World Uyghur Congress leader, that police had killed more than 100 Uygurs while breaking up mass demonstrations in the city.
In a response to the deadly violence that began in the region Sunday, a statement by Kadeer was published in U.S. media on July 8. In it, she said, "Kashgar has been the worst effected of these cities and unconfirmed reports state that over 100 Uygurs have been killed there.
"Troops have entered Kashgar, and sources in the city say that two Chinese soldiers have been posted to each Uyghur house."
However, the public security bureau of Kashgar, 1,600 km southwest of Urumqi, the regional capital of northwestern Xinjiang, issued a written statement to Xinhua, denying the allegations.
The statement said more than 200 people tried to gather at the Id Kah Mosque, the largest mosque in China, and created a "disturbance" there at about 5:15 p.m. on Monday.
Local security forces and armed police rushed to the scene, "using vehicles mounted with loudspeakers to disperse the masses who were ignorant of facts" surrounding the previous day's violence in Urumqi, the statement said.
"They reacted immediately to round up troublemakers and quell the incident."
The crowd was dispersed by police at about 6 p.m. with "no deaths or injuries," the police said.
Xinhua reporters saw most of the shops in Kashgar were closed on July 7. A few restaurants run by Uygur people were open at about 10 p.m., normally a busy time. Few people were in the streets.
No military police or anti-riot vehicles were seen in the streets. Some police vehicles passing by reminded people to ignore rumors.
At a basketball court outside the Kashgar Stadium, a group of teenagers played basketball. Sedan cars, pickups and taxis went by occasionally. Taxi drivers waiting for fares chatted while cleaning their cars outside hotels.
Some foreign tourists, in twos and threes, bargained with vendors or took pictures of children playing in the street in Kashgar.
In a riot Sunday evening in Urumqi, at least 156 people died and more than 1,000 were injured, said Li Yi, head of the publicity department of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Xinjiang regional committee.

Rebiya Kadeer not entitled to represent Uygur people

2009-08-14T23:40:00.000-07:00

A former chairman of the Xinjiang regional government said Saturday that Rebiya Kadeer was "not entitled to represent the Uygur people."
Ismail Amat, a Uygur who headed Xinjiang's regional government from 1979 to 1985, said the "spiritual mother of Uygur people" touted by East Turkestan terrorists was the "scum" of the Uygur community.
"It's widely known that Kadeer sold intelligence information to foreigners and she herself pled guilty in jail," he said. "How can such a person represent the Uygur people?"
Ismail Amat, who was also a vice-chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, China's top lawmaking body, said that by referring to Xinjiang as "East Turkestan" in her bylined article on the Wall Street Journal Wednesday, Kadeer exposed her separatist mentality as well as her ignorance, or rather, vicious distortion of Xinjiang's history.
"East Turkestan" was a term cooked up by foreign invaders more than 200 years ago. he said. "The invaders had wanted, in vain, for all the Chinese people, the Uygur people included, to accept this name."
Xinjiang has been under the jurisdiction of China's central government since 60 B.C. and the Uygur people have always taken pride in their Chinese nationality, he added.
"In the 19th century, the Xinjiang people fought courageously against the Tsarist Russian invaders and foiled the British attempt to colonize the region," he said. "They contributed greatly to China's unification and prosperity."
"It's grieving indeed to see a handful of mobs damaged the reputation of the Uygur people in last Sunday's riot, but they do not represent all the Uygurs either," he said. "These people blaspheme Islam, which insists killing is a crime."
The riot has so far caused 184 deaths and more than 1,000 injuries, left hundreds of vehicles burnt, shops looted and other public facilities destroyed.
"If Kadeer and the separatist 'World Uygur Congress' wanted to take ethnic relations as an excuse to sabotage China's unification, we must be vigilant and firmly crush their plot," he said.
Kadeer was jailed in 1999 on charges of harming national security. She left for the United States shortly after she was released on bail in 2005. She is now leader of the World Uygur Congress, which has close contact with terrorist organizations.
She was once the richest woman in Xinjiang and was named by Forbes in 1995 as the eighth richest on the Chinese mainland.

Rebiya Kadeer's past exemplifies China's policy on ethnic harmony

2009-08-14T23:38:00.000-07:00

If Rebiya Kadeer, the leader of the World Uygur Congress, thought about her own past, she would count herself among the numerous Uyghurs who had benefited from China's policies to promote ethnic harmony.
The tale of Kadeer, who spent 40 years in Xinjiang and was listed as the richest woman in Xinjiang and the eighth richest on the mainland by Forbes in 1995, is a rags-to-riches story.
But AFP on Monday quoted Kadeer as saying the deeper cause of Sunday's riot in China's far northwest Xinjiang, which left at least 156 dead, was "six decades of Chinese rule, during which the Uyghurs have endured a litany of human rights abuses such as arbitrary detention, torture, discrimination, religious repression, forced abortion and removing Uighur language teaching from schools."
"Abuse" is hardly an appropriate word to describe the lives of Uyghurs in Xinjiang -- least of all in her own life, which started off in poverty, but later flourished on Chinese soil.
She built her business empire and became "The Millionairess" in Xinjiang within 10 years. But, if her allegations of "discrimination" against the Chinese government were true, only Han Chinese would have been allowed such opportunities.
Her identity as a Uygur also allowed her to have six children while most of her Han counterparts were limited to one.
Human rights abuse accusations by Kadeer, including religious repression and removing Uygur-language teaching from schools, fall flat as achievements made by both local people and the government are a matter of record.
Kadeer's accusation of "discrimination" in her interview with AFP does not hold water as can be seen by the number of minorities holding sought-after government posts.
In Xinjiang, minority people hold more than half of government posts, which are usually hotly contested in China's competitive job market. About 360,000 government employees in Xinjiang are ethnic minorities.
Official statistics show the number of middle school bilingual classes (in both Mandarin and Uygur) was 4,500 in 2007, with total enrollment of 145,000 students, compared with only 27 in 1999, when the figures were first compiled. The bilingual classes were first introduced in the early 1990s.
Jume Tahir, 69, imam at the Id Kah Mosque, the biggest in Kashgar with a history of almost 600 years, said the government had invested 1.5 million yuan (219,500 US dollars) to renovate the mosque in 1999.
Tahir says, "Our lawful religious beliefs are fully protected."
China has respected and recognized its minorities' freedom to religious faith since it adopted its first Constitution in 1954. More importantly, enshrined in the Constitution is the aim to "promote common prosperity for all ethnic groups."
That explains why the government cherishes a hard-won stable and peaceful environment and has called for restraint by both Han and Uyghurs.
Kadeer denies government accusations that she and her followers instigated the protests that later started the riot and said Wednesday the death toll from the unrest was far higher than the figure of 156 given by Chinese authorities, according to an AFP report.
Admittedly, the development of Xinjiang is far from perfect. Both Uygurs and Han face problems such as poverty and disease, and challenges brought about by globalization.
These are the elements that stand in the way of Xinjiang's development and require ethnic unity to overcome.
People in Xinjiang need to address those problems in peaceful ethnic co-existence.
And yet, all this would be impossible without a stable Xinjiang from which Kadeer sprang and benefited.

Rebiya Kadeer fakes photos of Xinjiang riot

2009-08-14T23:29:00.000-07:00

A pictures pubished on Nanfang Weekly’s website on June 26 of an incident in Hubei Province in central China.

Rebiya Kadeer, head of the World Uyghur Congress holds a photo of the Xinjiang riots in an interview with the Qatar Al Jazeera.

Rebiya Kadeer, the well-known Uyghur dissident now living in exile in the US who is believed to be behind the Xinjiang riots on July 5, used an old news photo of a different incident in China when talking about the Xinjiang riots to clarify that she and her organization were not responsible for the incident in Xinjiang.
In a video clip on Youtube, Kadeer was interviewed by the Qatar Al Jazeera. She held a blown-up photo of Chinese policemen standing in lines on the streets to illustrate how the Chinese army dealt with “the peaceful protesters in Urumqi”. “My people are surrounded by the Chinese army. how could they start an attack?” asked Kadeer.
However, the photo she used was found to be another photograph capturing a mass incident that happened in Shishou, Hubei Province in central China, which is thousands of kilometers away from Xinjiang. The photo was first published in Nanfang Weekly’s website on June 26 in a news story titled, Fight over the bodies in Shishou. In the video, when the Al Jazeera showed a clip of a Han Chinese girl being attacked on a street in Urumqi and asked how Kadeer felt about it, she said, “My people are protesting peacefully. Their actions are peaceful actions.”
The news of the fake photo spreads over China’s Internet quickly, and stirred indignation. A web user commented that Kadeer is “crazily ridiculous in faking the photos”, and the deed is “not only a joke to her ‘peaceful’ mask, but also a humiliation on the IQs of the international community”.

Evidence shows Rebiya Kadeer behind Xinjiang riot: Chinese gov't

2009-08-14T23:28:00.000-07:00

The separatist World Uyghur Congress led by Rebiya Kadeer was behind the deadly July 5 Xinjiang riot, in which at least 156 people died and more than 1000 were injured, sources with the government said.
Evidence showed the riot was organized. It was instigated and masterminded by the World Uyghur Congress led by Kadeer, the sources said.
The Congress used the June 26 factory brawl between Uygur and Han ethnic workers in Guangdong Province, in which two Uygurs died, to create chaos.
On July 1, the Congress held a special meeting, plotting to instigate unrest by sending messages via the Internet, telephones and mobile phones.
On July 4, some people inside the country began to send out a flood of online posts encouraging people to go to the Renmin Square in Urumqi, capital of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, to protest on July 5 to support separatists abroad.
At 1:06 a.m. July 5, police in Urumqi were tipped off that some people were putting out illegal information calling for an illegal gathering at Renmin Square at 7 p.m. July 5.
According to recordings of calls, at 11 a.m. July 5, Kadeer said, as she called her younger brother in Urumqi, "A lot of things have happened, and we all know something might happen in Urumqi tomorrow night."
On July 6, Kadeer held an emergency meeting with some senior members of the Congress to make plans to further stir up both domestic and overseas demonstrations and to call for intervention from foreign governments and human rights institutions.
Their schemes were immediately materialized in the attack on China's consulate in Munich, Germany, on Monday morning and the violence done by over 150 separatists in front of China's embassy in the Netherlands that afternoon.
All these facts pointed to Kadeer, whose personal experience bore further evidence of her splitist connection.
Kadeer was elected in 2006 to be the chairwoman of the Congress, which was founded in Munich in 2004.
The Congress, an organization alleging to represent the ultimate interests of East Turkestan people, is wholly dedicated to masterminding secessionist activities in the name of human rights and democracy, the government said.
Born in Xinjiang in 1951, Kadeer, a former businesswoman in China, made a fortune illegally from the 1980s on through tax evasion and fraud.
She was sentenced to an eight-year imprisonment in 2000 on charges of illegally disclosing state secrets, and was released on bail in 2005 to seek medical treatment in the United States.
She immediately got involved with overseas terrorists, separatists and extremists forces there, according to Wang Lequan, Communist Party chief of Xinjiang.
Kadeer once claimed the Congress would plot to sabotage activities marking the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China this year.
Touted as the "mother of Uygur people" by East Turkestan terrorists, Kadeer constantly visited Germany and other countries in northern Europe to build support.
"Kadeer's credentials got the recognition of overseas East Turkestan forces, and her experience is also an advantage to be capitalized on by Western anti-Chinese forces," said Ma Dazheng, director of the Xinjiang development research center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
Pan Guang, an expert in international affairs and director of the Shanghai International Studies Center, said, "The East Turkestan terrorist forces portray Kadeer as a figure comparable to the Dalai Lama to promote her international influence."
"Actually, they just want to follow the road of the Dalai Lama to put the so-called Xinjiang issue into the international spotlight," he said.

"Unintentional scream" triggered Xinjiang riot

2009-08-14T23:25:00.000-07:00

The teenager at the center of allegations of sexual assault that sparked the deadly violence in western China's Xinjiang region Wednesday said the incident was nothing more than an "unintentional scream."
A brawl between Han and Uygur workers at a toy factory in the southern Guangdong Province on June 26 is said to have sparked Sunday's riot that left 156 people dead and more than 1,000 injured thousands of kilometers away in the Xinjiang capital of Urumqi.
But the people at the center of the conflict believed it was just a row between young men.
The brawl in Shaoguan City was said to have flared up over allegations of a "sexual assault on a Han girl by a Uygur worker" that left two people dead and more than 100 injured.
The "Han girl," a 19-year-old trainee who had worked at the factory less than two months, said she only found out hours later that she was the cause of the violence.
"I was lost and entered the wrong dormitory and screamed when I saw those Uygur young men in the room," said Huang Cuilian, originally from rural Guangdong.
Huang said she had no idea why exactly she was scared. "I just felt they were unfriendly so I turned and ran."
She remembered one of them stood up and stamped his feet as if he would chase her. "I later realized that he was just making fun of me."
She spent the night with a school teacher who accompanied her and her schoolmates to the job, not knowing her screams had stirred a fight between Han and Uygur workers.
Other ethnic Uygurs working at the factory say they will continue to work in Guangdong.
Atigul, 21, says she takes a manual, "900 Phrases of Commercial Chinese," wherever she goes and the bloodshed has not put her off working there.
"I'm ready to stay here for at least a year. After all, my folks back home need to work hard for a whole year to earn what I make in a month," Atigul said through an interpreter. Her monthly wage averages 1,400 yuan, almost equal the annual income she earned in her hometown.
Her co-worker, Yossef, 19, felt more comfortable because he spoke fluent Mandarin, but could not write. "I learned Mandarin at primary school."
Guangdong Province had hired about 800 workers from Xinjiang from May to fill its labor shortages, said Li Xiuying, an official in charge of ethnic and religious affairs in Guangdong.
"Most of them are Uygurs aged from 18 to 29 and are eager to learn. But their distinct lifestyles, culture and poor Mandarin isolate them to some extent from their Han colleagues," she said.
China's booming coastal region is attracting an increasing number of ethnic minorities from the the poor west. Guangdong alone is host to 1.5 million workers of ethnic minorities.
"The fight in the toy factory was just an isolated incident, but unfortunately, the separatists have made use of it to create chaos," said Nur Bekri, chairman of the Xinjiang regional government.
The rioting in Urumqi forced Chinese President Hu Jintao cut short his European trip and returned to Beijing Wednesday, skipping a G8 meeting with leaders from other developing countries that is expected to cover the economic crisis and climate change among other global issues.
A statement on the Ministry of Foreign Affairs' website said Hu's trip was cut short "in light of the current situation in Xinjiang".
This change of schedule was the first overt public response by the central leadership to the deadliest riot in six decades in the far western region that covers a sixth of China's territory and has a population of 21 million.
Xinjiang police said they had evidence that the separatist World Uygur Congress led by Rebiya Kadeer masterminded the riot.
"Those rioters by no means represented the Uygur people. They were incited by separatists from abroad and deviated from the spirit of the Koran," said Abdul Rehep, vice president of Xinjiang Islam Association.
About 60 percent of Xinjiang residents are "ethnic minorities," meaning Chinese nationals other than the most populous Han group. They represent 47 ethnic groups including the Uygur, Kazak, Hui, Mongolian, Kirgiz, Tajik, Ozbek, Manchu, Tatar and Russian.
The central government has been implementing a policy that offers many privileges to minorities. These include easier access to colleges and certain jobs and at least two children per family instead of one for Han families in urban areas.

Anti-terror expert: World Uyghur Congress behind Xinjiang violence

2009-08-14T23:17:00.000-07:00

Evidence showed that World Uyghur Congress had masterminded Sunday's deadly violence in northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, a Chinese counter-terrorism expert told Xinhua Tuesday.
"Judging from what Rebiya Kadeer,leader of the World Uyghur Congress, had said and done, it is fair to say the organization masterminded the incident," said Li Wei, director of the Center for Counter-Terrorism Studies with the China Institute of Contemporary International Relations.
"After the March 14 unrest in Tibet last year, Kadeer said in public that something similar should happen in Xinjiang. The riot in Urumqi bore some similarities with the March 14 incident."
Kadeer had been in close relations to the Dalai Lama, Li said, noting that the Xinjiang riot was regarded by experts as an "intentional imitation" of what happened in Lhasa.
"The riot was by no means incidental and spontaneous," he noted. "It was well organized as riots, targeting civilians, occurred at several locations at the same time."
Xinjiang police said Monday they had evidence that Rebiya Kadeer masterminded the Sunday riot, and had obtained recordings of calls between overseas Eastern Turkestan groups and their accomplices inside the country.
In the recorded calls, Kadeer said, "Something will happen in Urumqi." She also called her younger brother in Urumqi, saying, "We know a lot of things have happened," referring to the June 26 brawl involving workers from Xinjiang in a toy factory in Guangdong Province.
"This year marks the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China," Li said. "The World Uyghur Congress has chosen this specific time to do damage."

History of Buddhism

2008-11-09T07:09:00.001-08:00

The founder of Buddhism in this world is Buddha Shakyamuni. He was born as a royal prince in 624 BC in a place called Lumbini, which was originally in northern India but is now part of Nepal. ‘Shakya’ is the name of the royal family into which he was born, and ‘Muni’ means ‘Able One’. His parents gave him the name Siddhartha and there were many wonderful predictions about his future. In his early years he lived as a prince in his royal palace but when he was 29 years old he retired to the forest where he followed a spiritual life of meditation. After six years he attained enlightenment under the Bodhi Tree in Bodh Gaya, India.
He was subsequently requested to teach and as Venerable Geshe Kelsang says in Introduction to Buddhism:
‘As a result of this request, Buddha rose from meditation and taught the first Wheel of Dharma. These teachings which include the Sutra of the Four Noble Truths and other discourses, are the principal source of the Hinayana, or Lesser Vehicle, of Buddhism. Later, Buddha taught the second and third Wheels of Dharma, which include the Perfection of Wisdom Sutras and the Sutra Discriminating the Intention respectively. These teachings are the source of the Mahayana, or Great Vehicle, of Buddhism. In the Hinayana teachings Buddha explains how to attain liberation from suffering for oneself alone, and in the Mahayana teachings he explains how to attain full enlightenment, or Buddhahood, for the sake of others. Both traditions flourished in Asia, at first in India and then gradually in other surrounding countries, including Tibet. Now they are also beginning to flourish in the West.’
In all Buddha Shakyamuni gave eighty-four thousand teachings. His intention in founding Buddhism was to lead living beings to permanent liberation from suffering. He realized temporary liberation from suffering and difficulties is not enough. Motivated by love and compassion his aim was to help living beings find lasting peace or nirvana.

If you want to learn more information about buddhist history you can visit web http://www.aboutbuddhism.org/buddhism-beliefs.php/ or http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Buddhism

What is Buddhism

2008-11-09T07:06:00.000-08:00

The founder of Buddhism was Buddha Shakyamuni who lived and taught in India some two and a half thousand years ago. Since then millions of people around the world have followed the pure spiritual path he revealed. The Buddhist way of life of peace, loving kindness and wisdom is just as relevant today as it was in ancient India. Buddha explained that all our problems and suffering arise from confused and negative states of mind, and that all our happiness and good fortune arise from peaceful and positive states of mind. He taught methods for gradually overcoming our negative minds such as anger, jealousy and ignorance, and developing our positive minds such as love, compassion and wisdom. Through this we will come to experience lasting peace and happiness. These methods work for anyone, in any country, in any age. Once we have gained experience of them for ourselves we can pass them on to others so they too can enjoy the same benefits.
Meditation
Meditation is at the heart of the Buddhist way of life. It is basically a method for understanding and working on our own mind. We first learn to identify our different negative mental states known as ‘delusions’, and learn how to develop peaceful and positive mental states or ‘virtuous minds’.
Then in meditation we overcome our delusions by becoming familiar with virtuous minds. Out of meditation we try to maintain the virtuous minds we have developed and use our wisdom to solve the problems of daily life. As our mind becomes more positive our actions become more constructive, and our experience of life becomes more satisfying and beneficial to others.
Anyone can learn basic meditation techniques and experience great benefits, but to progress beyond basic meditation requires faith in the Three Jewels – Buddha, Dharma and Sangha. Usually people find this develops naturally as they experience the benefits of their meditation practice.
The spiritual path
The teachings of Buddha reveal a step by step path to lasting happiness. By following this path anyone can gradually transform his or her mind from its present confused and self-centered state into the blissful mind of a Buddha.
As Geshe Kelsang says in his popular book Eight Steps to Happiness:
Every living being has the potential to become a Buddha, someone who has completely purified his or her mind of all faults and limitations and has brought all good qualities to perfection. Our mind is like a cloudy sky, in essence clear and pure but overcast by the clouds of delusions.
Just as the thickest clouds eventually disperse, so too even the heaviest delusions can be removed from our mind. Delusions such as hatred, greed, and ignorance are not an intrinsic part of the mind. If we apply the appropriate methods they can be completely eliminated, and we shall experience the supreme happiness of full enlightenment.
Having attained enlightenment we shall have all the necessary qualities – universal love and compassion, omniscient wisdom and boundless spiritual power – to lead all living beings to the same exalted state. This is the ultimate aim of Mahayana Buddhism.
To find out more about basic Buddhism, read Introduction to Buddhism by Geshe Kelsang Gyatso.

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Art-10

2008-11-04T06:52:00.000-08:00

Thangka tradition in Wutun Village

Thangka are visual expressions of the philosophy and psychology of Buddhism, painted on cotton or linen canvases that may be rolled up when not on display. They often depict of scriptures and scenes from the lives of saints and great masters. Predominantly Buddhist residents of Tongren County -- Regong in Tibetan -- in Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, have been creating the so-called Regong art forms of thangka, butter sculptures, murals and barbola since the 15th century. Wutun Villages in Tongren County is regarded as home of the thangka. It is, to all intents and purposes, an art institute for local residents wishing to study and perfect this iconic art form; 90 percent of male Wutun residents are Regong artists. Such is Wutun's thangka fame that the Potala Palace, Jokhang Temple and Tar'er Lamasery all order their thangka from Wutun.
In addition to the artistic and spiritual fulfillment that painting thangka brings, it is also an excellent alternative source of income for Wutun residents. Just one can fetch as much as RMB 10,000 (US$1,233), which compares very favorably indeed to earnings from 3.5 mu [0.57 acres] of farmland. The late national craftworks art master Shawo Tsering (1922-2004), who accompanied his master Zhang Daqian to Dunhuang's Mogao Grottoes to study their Buddhist frescoes, was a Wutun native. He is regarded as China's foremost thangka artist.
Thangka Techniques
A thangka can take anything from a few months to several years to finish. Creating, for example, numerous minute images of bodhisattva on a one-square meter thangka canvas requires perfect understanding of iconometric principles, not to mention painstaking brushwork. It is a discipline that takes at least a decade to master. Thangka painting is executed in four main stages. The canvas surface is first coated on both sides with a thin layer of plaster of Paris. This ensures smooth application of colors and inhibits peeling. The subject matter is then sketched on the canvas in charcoal. The third step is application of color from pigments of turquoise or carol according to the color gradations. Finally, the main features of the thangka, such as images of Buddha and bodhisattva, demarcated subdivisions of a certain form, or swirling masses of flames, are outlined in gold foil for greater effect.
Lama Artists
Wutun Village holds a sacrificial ceremony during the 6th lunar month every year in which all Thangkas dedicated to Gods are by the artists in the village.
Many Wutun boys aged seven or eight go to a monastery for at least one year and sometimes eleven, to study and receive training in Regong art. The temple, with its stupas, murals and atmosphere of worship is perfect for cultivation of thangka creating skills and talent.
Pad Wangchen, now 30, learned thangka art from his grandfather as a child, and went on to be apprenticed to Wutun's most famous son, Shawo Tsering. It was from illustrious master that Padma that learned pigments used to mix colors must be ground for a whole day in order to be smooth enough to apply in three layers and ensure a flawless finish. Upon completion of the sculpture of the fat laughing Buddha in the main hall of Wutun's Upper Temple in 2001, 30 lama artists were commissioned to create the wealth of thangka and sculptures that now grace the temple. Padma Wangchen was one.
Gendun Khedrup also began studying thankga art as a child. At the age of 19 he began receiving commissions to paint thangkas for prominent temples in Tibet, Qinghai, Gansu and Yunnan. In common with other thangka artists, he keeps his best works. As far as he is concerned, there is still much to learn about his chosen art.

Four-armed Avalokitesvara by Padma Wangchen.
Padma Wangchen working on Guardian God.

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Art-9

2008-11-04T06:49:00.000-08:00

Shining Regung Art

Regung art is a particular wonder of Tibetan Buddhism art, blending blends religious and folk art in a way that is treasured by Tibetan Buddhists as well as becoming well known in the world.
Art Flower in Golden Valley
Regung is the Tibetan name of areas in Tongren County and Zeku County in Qinghai Province with the meaning of "golden valley".
The Regung area as the birthplace of "Regung art" has an abundance of tangka, duishiu, sculptures and religious architectural structures. Several villages, such as Wutun, Nyianduhu, Guomari, and Gasairi in Tongren County lying in the valley on the middle reaches of the Rongwu River provide the bulk of the artworks. All the adult men there can make Buddhist images. These handicraftsmen's tangka, mural paintings, duishiu portraits of Buddha and Buddha statues sell well among all monasteries and common people in the Tibetan-inhabited areas in Qinghai, Tibet, Gansu and Sichuan, and are also sold to far-off foreign countries. They are almost all done to order and demand exceeds supply.
Regung artists are concentrated mostly in Wutun, where sub-villages on each side of the east- west highway, and they mainly depend on selling tangka Buddha portraits and Buddha statues. A common tangka is priced at 3,000 Yuan, and a larger one is 10,000 Yuan; sometimes, they can cost tens of thousands of Yuan. Each household has an income of 40,000-50,000 Yuan per year from selling portraits alone. Entering the village, you will see few idlers and every household closes the door to bend their head to the making of portraits.
Each village has a monastery and both receive State protection as cultural relics. Most of the monks in monasteries are also painters and engravers.
This writer paid visits to three painters in succession in Wutun Upper Monastery. A young painter named Dorje Renqin was painting a delicate White Tara; a 33-year-old monk painter named Lhotsang Huadain had five tangka mounted in a small showroom. Each one was exquisite and refined. One particular colorful one, Time Wheel Buddha's Warrior Attendants, involved the use of much gold leaf and had taken four months to complete. It is valued as 10,000 Yuan. He once spent 11 months on painting a large tangka with his two disciples. It is valued as 200,000 Yuan and was offered to the monastery where it has become a treasure.
Another famous painter in Wutun Upper Monastery is Gendun Dagyi, who came from a tangka painting family. When I met him, he was guiding some students to paint sketches of a tangka. His works sell both at home and abroad. The larger ones were priced at some 10,000 Yuan, the smaller cost several thousand and the most exquisite ones with more gold are priced as high as 30,000 Yuan. He once did some gold work for the 9th Panchen Erdeni. His father Shawo Cerang was a famous painter of Regung art as well as national class artist who once followed Zhang Daqian to Dunhuang to copy many of the mural paintings.
There are many treasured tangka and painters in Wutun Lower Monastery. I met a young painter named Guanqoi Nyima. He was painting a very exquisite Portrait of Master Zongkapa and had been working on it for three months. In Wutun Lower Village, I visited a famous painter named Chincug. He was leading his disciples to paint the Four Devil Kings, ordered by Tar Monastery at the price of 20,000 Yuan. Some youths were coloring under the guidance of Chincug, a secularized monk of the Wutun Lower Monastery. From the age of 17, he has followed Qumeiqoizong, the painter of the 9th Panchen Erdeni, to study for nine years. He has painted all together more than a thousand tangka. He has been to Wutai Mountain, the Tar Monastery in Qinghai, and to various parts of Tibet many times to paint portraits. Many of his works have been sold to foreign countries and he is now leading more than 30 disciples.
Regung's duishiu portraits of Buddha pasted with colorful brocade pieces with a light relief effect come mostly from Nyidohu Village. At the home of the famous painter Zhaxi, I found him leading a group of women disciples to make duishiu portraits of Buddha. It was Zhaxi who made the huge duishiu portraits of Sakyamuni measuring 130X80 square meters that is laid out on a mountain slope during an unfolding ritual of Labrang Monastery during the first Tibetan lunar month each year. It is valued at 250,000 Yuan. Zhaxi's tangka is exquisite and elegant with a unique style. This writer also had the good fortune to meet Qoimei Nyima, 74, who is still in good health. He is Zhaxi¡¯s father. Another famous duishiu painter, Manba in Nyidohu Village, led more than 100 local artists two years ago to make a huge duishiu portrait of Buddha measuring 380X470 square meters for Yunnan, which is valued at 1.7 million Yuan. In 1999, this village made a greater embroidery painting more than 500 meters long that was bought by a private museum. It is reported that these two portraits of Buddha are the greatest duishiu works in the world.
The emergence and development of Regung art are directly related to the fortunes of Tibetan Buddhism. The emergence and development of Regung art are directly related to the fortunes of Tibetan Buddhism. The emergence and development of Regung art are directly related to the fortunes of Tibetan Buddhism.
In middle of the seventh century, Buddhism was introduced to Tibet and co-existed with the Bon religion. In 838, the Tibetan King Landama succeeded the title and began to forbid Buddhism on large scale, leading to its decline. At that time, three eminent Buddhist monks fled to Ngari, Xinjiang and Qinghai respectively, and taught sutras and instructed disciples in the areas of Xunhua, Hualong and Jiazha in Huangnan Prefecture of today, so that Tibetan Buddhism survived.
In the latter part of the 10th century, Tibetan Buddhism gradually began to prosper again. A yogi named Lhagyi Zhinawa of the Pagba Sect and some painters came to Regung to spread Buddhist teachings and, in the process, encourage the development of Buddhist art. The painting works brought by these painters became the first model for Regung painting and sculptural art.
At the end of the 14th century, Zongkapa established the Gelug Sect and brought about a faster development of monastery construction and a sudden upsurge in religious art. Regung Buddha portrait art absorbed some characteristics of religious art in the Han areas, Indian Buddhist art and local folk art to form a unique style.
Regung Tibetan art involves including colorful sculpture, construction decoration, wood carving and engraving, duishiu portraits of Buddha and various forms of integrated painting. The principal forms of Tibetan paintings are tangka and mural paintings, and the themes include Sakyamuni (life story of Buddha), Buddha's biography, Buddhist history, customs and practices, and construction decoration.
Tangka is the favorite form among Tibetan common people. The shape, color, outline and use of gold are all very exquisite. It is divided into three kinds including paintings, duishiu portraits of Buddha and embroidery according to different materials and crafts. But tangka usually refers to painting. Regung tangka includes colorful, black and golden tangka. The composition is crowded with less open space; the view is panoramic; colorful and bright, with great use of contrastive color; and the great user of gold is a particular characteristic.
Mural paintings are large-scale Tibetan paintings on the wall of the halls in monasteries. Some are painted directly onto the wall and some are painted on canvas before being inlaid in the wall. Most of them are pasted with gold leaf, have splendid tones of green and gold and strong decorative style. The existing mural paintings in Duhu Monastery and Wutun Lower Monastery are the most representative treasures of the genre.
The sculptures are mostly of clay, but also include woodcarving, stone engraving and brick carving. Clay sculpture is called colorful sculpture; Buddha and Bodhisattva are painted with gold and Buddha's warrior attendants are painted with various colors. Woodcarving often uses red birch and pear wood that are then painted in gold or other colors. Stone engravings of Buddha appear on flagstones and Mani mounds. Brick carving is fired after the clay is molded into a base and is used to decorate roofs and walls of a building. Regung sculpting attaches importance to decoration and a brilliant and elegant demeanor.
For duishiu portraits of Buddha, the smaller ones are used to decorate sutra halls and the composition of paintings mainly consists of a master Buddha and two small Buddha's below. The huge ones give prominence to a master Buddha with more Buddha's, Bodhisattva and Buddhist Guardians all around, as well as various designs. The size can be as large as hundreds of meters and they are only shown during certain monastic rituals. According to textual research, duishiu portraits of Buddha were changed from the art in Regung that was introduced from the Han areas some 250 years ago.
For Regung construction decoration colorful paintings, the color is bright and strong. Much gold is used. They have high aesthetic value and decorative character.
In the initial development period of Regung art it was greatly affected by the religious art of the Central Plains. The designs were simple and plain and did not need the addition of any gold; during the prosperous time of the Qing Dynasty, the style changed and sought for religious orthodoxy in standards of exquisiteness, magnificence, awfulness and solemnity. The color was bright and strong with prominence given to decorative effect. There were an unprecedented number of famous painters and the influence spread throughout Gansu, Tibet, Sichuan, Xinjiang and Mongolia. Even in the royal family in Beijing, in the Yonghegong Lamasery and Chengde Summer Resort in Hebei Province, there were Regung art treasures stored. Until the later period of the Qing Dynasty and the period of the Republic of China, Regung art tended towards commercialization. The works were more exquisite and magnificent and gave more prominence to decorative character with the use of far more gold. Regung artists went along to Qinghai, to the Mongolian and Tibetan areas, to India and Nepal and other Buddhist countries to investigate and paint. Many good works have been stored up in some great monasteries and museums in foreign countries.
Talents Cultivated in Great Number
Generations of Regung artists have been largely enlightened by monk painters in the monasteries since early time. Among all such in the Regung area, there are religious artists in all generations who can paint and engrave and have produced excellent works.
When Regung artists start to make Buddha portraits or statues, they will first hold a grand religious ceremony, and the same thing occurs at the conclusion of the work. For large-scale works, some grander blessing ceremony will be held. The artists view the painting of Buddha portraits and the sculpting of Buddha statues as an offering to Buddha and they seek for mental happiness and spiritual comfort. Hence, Regung art has survived for a long time.
Boys in the Regung area will be sent to monasteries at an early age to become monks. They study sutras and art, and work starting from processing the canvas, making the paint, mixing the clay in order to become assistants of the masters and start to paint. They have to study for at least 10 years before launching their own business. A custom has developed that monks and common people study art and "everyone paints and every household is engaged in art". This situation cannot be found in other Tibetan-inhabited areas or in the hinterland.
Because of the swift social changes, only several historical Regung art works exist today: the Lungwu Monastery's Painting Scroll of Sakyamuni and Other Buddha's, the Wutun Upper Monastery's Portrait of the Six-Armed Dark Heaven Dharma Guardians and 1,000 Green Taras, the Wutun Lower Monastery's mural paintings Scenes of the Pastoral Areas and the Duhu Monastery's Story of 16 Arhats.In middle of the seventh century, Buddhism was introduced to Tibet and co-existed with the Bon religion. In 838, the Tibetan King Landama succeeded the title and began to forbid Buddhism on large scale, leading to its decline. At that time, three eminent Buddhist monks fled to Ngari, Xinjiang and Qinghai respectively, and taught sutras and instructed disciples in the areas of Xunhua, Hualong and Jiazha in Huangnan Prefecture of today, so that Tibetan Buddhism survived.

In Regung art, famous artists emerge in great numbers in each generation. In the early Yuan and Ming dynasties, the style of the famous painters was simple and natural, but few works survive. In the Qing Dynasty prominence was given to decorative effect and artists became good at painting figures. In the early and middle parts of the 19th century, famous painters such as the Wutun Lower Monastery's Gartsang, Shiawo, Kasigyia etc. produced representative works including Four Devil Kings in the front hallway of the monastery¡¯s small sutra halls. Its decorative character is very evident and surpassed the earlier generation¡¯s innovative works.
The famous latter-day painters also included Nyianduhu's Yuandain, Qudain; the representative works are Mandala in the Tar Monastery in Qinghai and Story of Buddha, a large mural painting, and Portraits of the 1st-9th Panchen and Gasairi's Sanggyita, who is viewed as the reincarnation of Xiangquresairi, a famous painter in the Qing Dynasty. He had deformity in the legs and could only paint in a prostrate position, but this did not have any effect on the paintings.
The most famous modern painters include Shawo Cerang, Gentsang, and Chincug etc., who all became famous in the 1950s. Shawo Cerang, born in Wutun Village, once followed Zhang Daqian in 1941 to Dunhuang to copy mural paintings for a long time. He has made so many excellent works and once obtained the title of "National Industrial Art Master". Gentsang is good at decorative designs. Chincug is a famous artist in Wutun Lower Village who can both paint and sculpt. Famous artists of Regung duishiu portraits of Buddha concentrate in Nyidohu Village including Chinjor, Yanpei, Zuba and Gartsang.
In modern times, a new generation of Regung artist has grown up and tries to launch new themes and adopt new crafts to create works. For example, some large mural paintings reflecting legends and historical stories; the tangka King Gesar and Princess Wencheng in Xihai on the Way to Tibet are representatives of new Regung art works. There has even appeared a large mural painting that is made of colorful pearls by a young painter Chihua in the Lungwu Monastery...
At present in the Regung area, the young and middle-aged famous painters include Zonggyi Lhazhe, Dagyi (son of Shawo Cerang), Chincug, Lhotsang Huadain, Zhaxi, Zhihua, etc. They are inheritors of a long tradition as well as explorers of the future shape of Regung art.

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Art-8

2008-11-04T06:48:00.001-08:00

Tshatsha: An Exotic Flower of Tibetan Buddhist Art

Tshatsha, a literal translation from a Sanskrit word which means "copy" in English, stands for small clay sculptures cut from a mold, including mini-statues of Buddha, stupas or Buddhist scriptures. Usually, they are put inside large stupas or special shrines (tsha-kang). They can also be found on top of Mani stones flanked by prayer flags along tracks, on the revered snow-peaks or in sacred caves. The Tibetans carry them in small amulet boxes to guard against evil. Tshatshas are believed to have come from India together with Buddhism. Although most tshatshas are made of clay, there are also wooden or stone ones. The former are used to fill the stupas, with some are placed on top of the Mani stones or in special shrines, while most of the latter are placed in Buddhist shrines or altars. Tshatshas, whether ancient or modern, generally fall into two categories in terms of their forms: relief sculptures, including high and low reliefs, made with a one-sided mold; and round sculptures that are made with a double- sided mold.
To make a tshatsha, first a mold, an indispensable item known as tsha-shi-gong in Tibetan, has to be made. Most molds are made of bronze or brass, and those made of porcelain, paper, or wood are rare and hence especially precious. Once the mold is made, one can begin to make a clay tshatsha, a process that has been compared to working with the popular children's toy of plasticene (named after the famous trademark). First step, a lump of clay is stuffed into the mold after being rolled into a clay pie. Then, a pit is made within which several grains of the highland barley (grown in Tibet and Qinghai in West China) are placed. The process, known as filling the scripture (Zhuangzang in Chinese), is believed to be able to give superhuman strength to the clay sculptures. Next, the clay is pressed so that its surface will be smooth and the design pattern clear. A pedestal is modeled by hand in the third step. When all the above is done, the moist clay tshatsha is taken out from the mold and placed in sunshine to dry off, completing the process. This is called the lost wax method, which was considered the most advanced technique more than a millennium ago. It is still in use today to make delicate modern sculptures and replicas of antiques. Since all the tshatshas are molded, they are not too large in size, hence their name "little statues of Buddha". By far, the largest one of those excavated measures no more than an inch in both width and height and the smallest one is no larger than a thumbnail. In most cases, they are about 9 centimeters in width and 7 in height. Though small, tshatsha serves the same purposes as other Buddhist forms, such as the mural painting and thangka. Buddhists recognize them as symbols of Buddhist merits, and use them to express their adoration and reverence for the Buddha, and their explanation of and devotion to the Buddhist doctrines, as well as their aspiration for riches and honor. The tshatshas are colored with traditional Tibetan pigment, which is in fact a kind of mineral paint traditionally made by mixing different amounts of minerals so that they still retain their bright original colors after hundreds of years. Though made with the same techniques, tshatshas vary greatly from place to place. Tshatshas found in the stupas in Jiama County, dating back to over 600 years ago in the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368 AD), feature three-dimensional patterns in high relief; details like figures and background decorations are also emphasized. The most distinctive aspect of these tshatshas is their large size, as most of them are 10 cm high and 8 cm wide, with the largest reaching as much as 26 cm in height and 20 cm in width. These tshatshas are believed to be of great value for the research on the Tibetan Buddhist art in the Yuan Dynasty. Compared with tshatshas found in other places, those found in Xialu Temple are said to be unique and worthy of collection, as they have the largest variety in terms of the ages, the patterns and the styles as well as the colors. Tshatshas also abound in Sajia Temple, and are famed for their delicacy and exquisiteness. Most of them are burned into colors such as red, gray or black. There are also tshatshas with two colors, an uncommon feature. In the Northern Sajia Temple, tshatshas with typical Indian or Nepalese artistic features can be found, which were put in the stupas when the temple was built nearly a thousand years ago. Therefore, they are referred to as having matchless artistic and historical value. Due to its long history and unique artistic charm as well as the mysterious cultural implications, tshatsha has grown into a special category, arousing the interests of numerous experts, artists and collectors. Over the years, tshatshas, with its rich implications, various design patterns, long history and different artistic styles have become a treasured collectible item.

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Art-7

2008-11-04T06:45:00.000-08:00

How to Take Care of your Thangka

For those of you who own a thangka, a few suggestions may help you in preserving it. You can care for your thangka as a museum cares for its thangkas.Resist the temptation to clean your thangka. The traditional offerings of butter lamps and incense smoke form an insoluble mixture that deeply penetrates and darkens the painting. Since this is not just on the surface, attempts at cleaning will cause thangka paintings to have a stripped look. Too often these days, the fine, elegant details on faces, brocades, and landscapes too often get stripped away permanently by cleaning.
*Over-cleaned PaintingFrom a scientific, museum standards point of view, frequent rolling and unrolling of your thangka is the singularly most harmful thing you can do. Although thangkas traditionally are rolled and unrolled, these actions compress the delicate paint layers and the layer of chalk/hide glue they rest on. The paint layers can crack and flake off. The textile mountings that the painted cloth is sewn onto and the cover of the thangka rub up against and abrade the paint layers during rolling and while rolled up. Rolling also creases the cotton or silk cloth onto which the thangka was originally painted, and the cloth itself can crease and split, causing further paint loss. Rolling and unrolling causes the traditional textile mountings to tear as well. Older mountings are often made of a blue silk with characteristically weak warp threads.
*Painting Damaged from Rolling and Unrolling.You can transport your thangka as a museum does. Thangkas can be transported and stored lying flat on an archival-quality supporting board, available at most art supply stores. It is best to hang your thangka up and then not move or handle it after that. Do not pull on your thangka to try to adjust its shape. Some dimensional changes are expected. Cotton and silk swell and contract with changes in temperature and relative humidity. The cloth it is painted on and the textile mounting will expand and contract at different rates, causing some unevenness in the fit. This will happen, but if you pull on it to flatten it, you can tear the thangka and cause paint loss.Hang the thangka out of direct sunlight, and not over a heating or air conditioning element. Even a bright spotlight on it can direct heat towards it in a harmful way. In addition to the heat of many light sources, both the intensity of the light and the ultraviolet content of the light cause irreparable damage to thangkas. This is true whether your thangka has its traditional silk mounting, or is framed in a Western-style frame behind glass.If you have questions or concerns about caring for your thangka, we will be glad to help you!

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Art-6

2008-11-04T06:44:00.000-08:00

Tibetan music

Tibet has long history and long-standing cultures. The special geographic environment and ethnic tradition result in a special music style. In the past, Tibetan music was rarely impacted by the outside world and it was little known by the outside world.
The charm of Tibetan songs originates from its special way of producing sound in the throat, by which the singing echoes in valleys and reaches people in the distance. Singing, loud and sonorous, has romantic color, expressing the Tibetans religious belief and their enjoying happy lives and peaceful minds.
The integration with the nature and many other new music styles characterizes Tibetan music, which may be perfectly connected to pop music. In addition, it can also combine religious music and palace music with pure western music.
In 1950’s, a Tibetan song Liberated Serfs sing for freedom sung by Tibetan singer Tshe Brtan Sgrol Ma moved millions of people and soon became popular throughout China.
In recent years, Tibetan songs are popular throughout China because of their unique charm, for instance, the song Qinghai-Tibet Pleteau conqueres millions of listeners.
With her two albums, AjieGu and YangJingMA, which were released and sold in over 60 countries, Zhu Zheqing introduced Tibetan music to the world. In AjieGu and YangJingMA Tibetan songs sing the unique Tibetan religious stories, historic persons and Buddhism classics. Western people were deeply impressed by Zhu’s voice and call it the “sound of nature”.
Han Hong, another Tibetan singer, has become one of the most famous singers in China. She adds many Tibetan music elements in her singing, such as Rap and Soul to her songs. Other singers and bands from Tibet, includingYaDong, RongZhongErJia, QiongXue ZhuoMa, TianChu, are exploring the more fashionable and mordern Tibetan music.

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Art-5

2008-11-04T06:43:00.001-08:00

Tibetan Painting
Painting is another main artistic form in Tibet and it is in a preferential position in Tibetan Buddhism. Like in Christianity or any other religions, Tibetan painting is one of the forms which help Tibetan people strengthen their belief in Buddhism and their emotion of life. Tibetan painting mainly includes cliff painting, frescoes, Thangka and wood prints.
Cliff painting is an art style for the period from pre-historic time to TuBo Regime. It is one of the oldest arts in Tibet. The cliff paintings existing today are mainly on cliffs and large rocks. In terms of skills, themes and styles, Tibetan cliff painting has a close relationship with North China cliff painting and Mid-Asia cliff painting, found in Xinjiang, Ganshu, Qinghai and Inner Mongolia.
Fresco in AliTuoLin Monstery
Frescoes, painted on the walls of the monsteries and palaces in Tibet, are also a main style of Tibetan painting art. The frescoes of Tibetan Buddhism absorbed some elements of the paintings in India, Nepal and other parts of China and and gradually formed their unique style. We can see the shadow of Indian style from the frescoes of Jokhang Monastery and JingGang Monastery.

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Art-4

2008-11-04T06:40:00.000-08:00

Tibetan Opera

The opera, called “ache lhamo” in Tibetan, plays an important part in the social life of Tibetan people. It is a unique form in China’s various theatrical arts. “ache” means elder sister or a female, and “lhamo” means a fairy. Tibetan opera is an all-round performing art that tells the story by the form of fol dances and songs. Folk troupes of Tibetan opera are easily encountered any time and anywhere, with the audience from miles away to crowd the performer. This art style is influenced by Tibetan Buddhism from the view of skills and contents.
It’s widely believed that Tibetan opera comes from the following three aspects: folk songs and dance, folk rap, religious riruals and religious arts. Besides, there is a legend that the origin of Tibetan opera began from a dance to worhsip deity and the dance was created by Tibetan Buddhist, LianHuaShen, in 8th century. Later, LianHuaShen set up a theatrical troupe .It was composed of seven beautiful sisters who were good at dancing. They wrote and composed dramas of Buddhism stories and were on tour shows in Tibet. The shows not only cultivated ordinary people, but also collected some money.That is the beginning of Tibetan opera. Tibetan opera has many schools. It’s full of Tibetan chracteristics. Prince Nor-bzang, Princess WenChen, Prince Dri-med-kun-iden, Maiden Vgro-ba-bzang-mo, Brothers Don-yod and Don-grub, Gzugs-kyi-nyi-ma, Pad-ma-vod-vba, Maiden Shang-ma are eight classical operas, which have wonderful music, beautiful and colorful masks and finery.
Bands, musicians and musical instruments
Bands
Before the democratic reform in 1959, LangDa ,one of the forms of Tibetan opera, was usually sung without accompaniments. Even in some important occasions people sing and dance, only drums and cymbals were used as accompaniments.Today, such accompaniments are still used in some local bands.The bands in Chamdo and Dege use flute and Jialin(Tibetan Suona)　
Since Tibetan Opera Trouple was set up in 1960, it has grew into a large one. More national musical instruments and some western ones have gradually appeared in performances. Langda, one of Tibetan operas, had stringed instruments as accompaniments. The Tibetan Opera Trouple has its unique band performing system in which Tibetan musical instruments, like Jing hu, Te qin, dulcimer, Six-stringed fiddle, Qu flute and Tibetan Suona play the main part with two-stringed fiddle, violin, cello, trumpet, trombone, clarinet, oboe, etc. are also used. The small-scale band of national musical instruments falls into five groups: Stringed instruments group(including Tibetan Jing Hu, Te Qin, two-stringed fiddle, violin.), Plucking stringed instruments group(including dulcimer, alto and high-pitch six-stringed fiddle), Wind instrument group(including Qu flute, Bang flute, Tibetan Suona, trombone, trumpet, clarinet, oboe.), Base instrument group( including high-pitched violin, low-pitched violin),Percussion instrument group (including Tibetan drum, Tibetan cymbal, Cuan bell, Da Ma drum). But this musical instrument system is still in the stage of experiment.
Musicians
One drum and one cymbal were used as accompaniments in traditional Tibetan opera performance, which determines the crucial role of their players and the beats of drum and cymbal. Like other local dramas, Tibetan drama contains a large quantity of patterned dancing acts and performers must be in harmony with the beats of drums and cymbals, otherwise they feel lost in dance and are unable to continue the dances. Jiang Cunm, a famous drum and cymbal player in Jue Mu Long Tibetan opera troupe, viewed the art of playing drum and cymbal as “the shining eyes in the face, the beating heart in the chest, the heaven I adore all the life.”
When he was young, Jiang Cun spent some time in Xue Chi Lin Ka, where Ge Er Ba, the Palace musical band of Dalai’s, practiced drums and cymbals, and where Zi Qia Men Zhe Bu taught the traditional beats of drums and cymbals. Jiang Cun went there every day. He also learned from his teacher La Wang Ou Zhu the art of drum and cymbal and the rigidly craving for art. With the small hammer, less than 13 inches long, Jiang Cun can play dozens of moods and rhythms, making the beating and rhythms properly go with the delicate expressions of various characters. Weak beatring is for sorrow; strong beating for anger. Both beatings are slow drumbeat, called Duan Tong in Tibet. Fast beating is for tension and excitement. Allegro drumbeat is used in intermezzo for line reading; integrated drumbeat in riding, advancing, and climbing in the performance; Beng Zi has its own drumbeat. Jiang Cun’s drumming evoked, intensified, and strengthened the artistic charm in Jue Mu Long school of Tibetan opera. Jiang Cun mastered the drum system for traditional Tibetan opera：the drum system used the syllable of the Tibetan language to reflect the beat and rhythm of drums and cymbals.
The old drum system cannot fully meet the need of the development of Tibetan opera. When it comes to the greeting action in the show, the old drum system fails to express it. Then, Jiang Cun cooperated closely with the dramatist and the performers. Given the performers’ conditions and the situation that Tibetan drama art has developed into a new level, they reformed the old drum system by extending some beats, changing some beats and even creating some new beats.
Musical instruments
Zhanianqin (A plucking stringed instrument)Zhanianqin, also called six-stringed fiddle, is one of the ancient plucking stringed instruments in Tibet and one of the main musical instruments in today’s professional Tibetan Opera Trouple. Old-fashioned zhanianqin has three groups of sounds, each group having two strings. Alto and high-pitched zhanianqin used in Tibetan opera today derived from it, which was transformed from double strings to a single string. High-pitched zhanianqin has four strings, Alto zhanianqin having five strings.
Picture 1: Teqin
Teqin comes from the Han nationality, similar to the Han nationality’s erhu (two-stringed fiddle) in shape, but the sound being louder, more high-pitched. It usually has a bamboo sound box, Mongolian goat’s skin, and a hard bow. Teqin is used as a musical accompaniment in folk dances like Nang Ma and Dui Xie. Now, the accompaniment with teqin has developed into a new set of skills with Tibetan characteristics, and it’s deeply loved by Tibetan people.
The name teqin is the transliteration of Chinese low-pitched fiddle.
Tibetan jinghu　　
It derives from the Han people’s jinghu, but its bowings and fingerings are greatly different. Tibetan jinghu is the main musical instrument in the folk dances like Nang Ma and Dui Xie. Its shape is similar to Jinghu, but it has a larger sounding box and a high-pitched tone with a little thickness.Tibetan people love it very much.
Picture 2: Tibetan drum
Different Tibetan operas use the same round wooden drum with two sides and a long handle. The size of the drum varies in different operas. The accompaniment drum in Tibetan opera has its special tone, whose sound is deep, loud, and strong.
Tibetan cymbal
Tibetan cymbal, made of copper, has two bubble shape plates and the two plates strike each other to produce sound. Different striking produces different tones. This instrument is widely used in Tibetan operas, folk dances and religion dances.
Jialin　(Tibetan Suona)　
Jialin, made of wood, is embroidered delicately with gold and silver and jewels.It used to be an important religious musical instrument in monasteries, and later entered in Tibetan operas. It is the main accompaniment in De Ge Tibetan opera.

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Art-3

2008-11-04T06:39:00.002-08:00

Tibetan Literature

Legend of King Gesar An introduction
King Gesar is a heroic epic created collectively by the Tibetans during the 11th to 13th century. As the beloved king of the ancient Tibetan kingdom of Ling, Gesar was believed to be the son of God of Heaven. Gesar and his followers bravely and resourcefully struggled against evil forces and conquered the kingdom of demons with great wisdoms and super natural power, bringing peace and happiness to his people. The great hero and his brave army are kept alive in the imaginative retelling of the epic. The epic contains a lot of great poetry and vivid description of the characters. It sings high praise for Gesar’s efforts to aid the weak and poor, to defeat the demons and to benefit the common people. It reflects the wishes of the ordinary Tibetans to fight against the evil and struggle for peace and freedom. Theme of the epic, King Gesar
The epic, King Gesar, was adapted according to legends of this real hero. His lifetime serves as the source of the great work. The theme of the epic centers on the life, deeds, and merits of the divine hero, Gesar, whose mission from heaven to this world was to rescue his loved ones from earthly calamities, unify disparate tribes, defeat ravaging monsters, and aid the weak and the poor. Artistic Achievements in King Gesar
The epic of King Gesar is a great work of both realism and romanticism. All the characters in the epic, no matter positive or negative, male or female, young or old, are described in such a vivid way that they are kept alive in the telling and singing of the epic.
Gesar is a great ballad - epic about an ancient Tibetan hero; it also tells us much about ancient Tibetan society, including war, production, living styles, nationality, religion and morality. Thus it is a virtual encyclopedia about the lives of ancient Tibetans, and enjoys high aesthetic and academic value. Story of the King Gesar
The story is set in the far distant past, when the people of the Tibetan plateau were being plagued by natural disasters and calamities, and demons and spirits were running wild. The Goddess of Mercy took pity on the people and asked the Amitabha Buddha if he would send the son of the God of Heaven to the world to defeat the evil demons.
Toiba Gawa, later known as Gesar, descended to earth and later became the king of the Tibetan people. Gesar is usually portrayed as a combination of god, dragon and a fierce spirit in early Tibetan religion. He possessed invincible powers, marvelous abilities and the protection of the god of Heaven, which helped him to defeat the demons, aid the poor and bring help to the common people.Becoming the King
The legend goes that Gesar was persecuted soon after his birth, then his mother and him were forced to move to the Yellow River area when he was only five years old. A few years later the Ling tribe also migrated to this area. Gesar grew up to win a great horse race, defeating his uncle and other tribal chiefs, for which the prize was the crown, and marriage with Qomo, the most beautiful girl in the tribe. He was then named the Lion King of the World, or Gesar Lhobo Zhadui.Subduing the Demons
When he ascended the throne, King Gesar was confronted with the invasion launched by four vicious enemies. The major part of the epic lies in battles between between Ling and different ancient states, such as Mo, Hor, Jiang and Moin.Battle between Mo and Ling
To the north of the State of Ling was the State of Mo ruled by King Lutsang who ate children. One day, he kidnapped Maisa, the second concubine of Gesar. To wipe out the demon and rescue his concubine, Gesar left for the north. He managed to get in touch with Maisa and the two worked to wipe out King Lutsang. Maisa hated to be Gesar’s concubine in the State of Ling. She wished to be his wife. She managed to make Gesar take her magic portion. As a result, Gesar stayed in the State of Mo for 12 years. During the period, the State of Ling was invaded by the State of Hor, and Gesar’s wife, Zhubmo, was kidnapped by the invaders, too. Battle between Hor and Ling
The State of Hor lay to the northeast of the State of Ling. It was ruled by three kings who were brothers. Named after tents in which they lived, they were called Yellow Tent King, White Tent King, and Black Tent King. White Tent King was the most powerful. He sent magic Parrot, Magpie and Crow to look for beauties for him, and the Crow flew to the State of Ling and was astonished by zhubmo’s beauty. When White Tent King was informed of the news, he launched a war against Ling. With the help of the traitors of Ling, White Tent King seized the power and took away zhubmo.
When Gesar woke up from the magic portion he took, he rushed back to Ling. In a battle, he killed White Tent King and brought back zhubmo. Battle between Jiang and Ling
To the southeast of the State of Ling there was the State of Jiang ruled by King Sadain, a sorcerer who was very greedy. Sadain tried to seize the salt fields belonging to the State of Ling. Gesar sent Sinba, a general formerly of the State of Hor, to win over Yulha Toju, son of Sadain, and he himself led his troops to guard the saltern. With help from Yulha Toju, Gesar knew everything about Sadain. When Sadain drank water one day, Gesar incarnated into a tiny gold fish and was swallowed by Sadain without awareness. Once in the stomach, Gesar incarnated into a large wheel which turned endlessly until Sadain surrendered. Battle between Moin and Ling
The State of Moin was enemy of Ling. It harassed and looted Ling when Ling was weak. When Ling became stronger and had subdued three demons, Sinchi, king of the State of Moin, was the only demon left un-subdued. Gesar decided to bring down Sinchi and marry his daughter Meido Zholma who was very pretty. Through fierce fight, both suffered. Gesar went over to fight Sinchi in person, and shot Sinchi to death in the end. Other minor battles
With the four demons killed, the State of Ling enjoyed peace and happiness. Then, the epic goes on with continuous minor battles waged by Gesar to defend the invaded neighboring states.
For example, as Gesar’s uncle stole some horses from the State of Dashi, both states saw red. This forced Gesar to fight the State of Dashi. Gesar won again, and distributed Dashi' s wealth among the people before returning to the State of Ling.
Chidain, king of the State of Kachi, had conquered Nepal, Korgas and some other small states, and sent troops to invade Ling. Gesar retaliated and killed Chidain.
In successive campaigns, Gesar defeated scores of small tribes and minor kingdoms known as zongs in ancient Tibet. Then, he defended the Salt Sea, launched battles to conquer 54 zongs. He won all these battles. The State of Ling grew in strength, and became very powerful.Returning to the Heaven
When Gesar had completed his mission on the earth, he returned to the heaven together with his mother and wife. Here lies the end of the epic, King Gesar. Features of King Gesar An early epic
Created during the 11th to 13th century, King Gesar is acclaimed as the oriental Iliad, after the Greek epic by Homer in the eighth century BC. Boast the longest epic in the world
So far, Gesar has been collected as a work composed of more than 120 volumes, with more than 1 million verses, altogether over 20 million words. The entire work is longer and has a greater number of verses than the world's other five great epics combined. (The other five epics are the ancient Babylonian Gilgamesh, the Greek Iliad and Odyssey, and the Indian Ramayana and Mahabharata.) Along with the Babylonian, Greek and Indian epics, Life of King Gesar is of significant value as part of the world's cultural treasure-house, making great contributions to human civilization.Enjoy popularity both in Tibet and abroad
Gesar is a popular epic in the Tibetan area. For generations, stories about Gesar had actually been passed down in ballads by folk artists in a combination of song and narration. There are a lot of folk artists known as bards in the Tibetan area, who keep the great hero and his brave army alive in the richly imaginative retelling of the epic. They are very popular and beloved by the common Tibetans.
The epic of King Gesar is also popular abroad. As early as 200 year ago, the Russian edition of King Gesar was published, and in 1839, appeared the German edition. In 1905, Life of King Gesar was published in both Tibetans and English. Noted as the world's only surviving epic, King Gesar has been translated into many languages, including English, French, German, Russian and Indian and has spread to more than 40 countries and regions worldwide. An epic awaits further sorting
Being a folklore passed down through generations in singing and retelling, Gasar still awaits sorting. In 1958, a special research institute was set up by the Qinghai Government to work on the gathering, collecting, sorting out, translating and publishing of the great work.

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Art-2

2008-11-04T06:39:00.001-08:00

Tibetan Architecture

Anecdote: colorful toilets in Tibet
All the people who had been to Tibet, with no exception, would have been impressed deeply by Tibetan’s bold love and preference to colors. From monasteries to residential buildings, from the monk’s overall to the laymen’s garments, even to furniture and knitting, all the colors are rich and vigorous. However, there’s no a better place to show such a magnificence of colors than the toilets on the Tibet Plateau.

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Art-1

2008-11-04T06:36:00.000-08:00

Tibetan Handicrafts

Tibetan Knives are traditional and well-known handicrafts with a peculiar style. they are indispensable in the life of herdsmen. Tibetans use them as the tools to defend, to slaughter livestock and to eat meat. Tibetans have a sense of security with knives because Tibetan look might and valiant with knives.Tibetan knives are produced in many regions in Tibet. People may focus on knives’practicality, sharpness, decoration, shape, etc. There are two categories: one for man and another for woman. Men’s knives tend to be more curly and sharper while women’s are delicate. The most famous Tibetan knives are Lhatse knife and XieTongMen knife in Shigates Region, whose delicate decorations are unique from those in other regions. Shigates knives are usually made of fine steel, with othe materials like bronze, silver, iron, sharkskin, ox horn, agate and wood for decration. Moveover, some of them are studded with gems. Thus, they are more expensive than the normal knives. The produing process is very complicated.

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Art

2008-11-04T06:34:00.000-08:00

Art OF TIBET
Painting and sculpture are two of the most representative items in Tibetan art. Tibetan painting is originated from ancient rock paintings, which mainly depict animals such as deer, yak, sheep, horse, and hunting activities. During the Tubo period, the art of painting was flourishing. Specially, after Buddhism was introduced to Tibet, the religious paintings had been further developed. They have paid more stress on absorbing the art essence of India, Nepal and Han national cultures with unique splendor and style. The expressive form in Tibetan painting mainly is in stone inscription, fresco, Thangka, etc.

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Festival-19

2008-10-18T09:16:00.000-07:00

Harvest Festival in Tibet

Wearing festive dress, farmers from Lunbugang Township in Maizhokunggar County, Tibet Autonomous Region in Southwest China, walk in their fields Tuesday to mark the annual Tibetan Harvest Festival. The direct translation of the Tibetan word for the festival means "walking around the crop fields" and local farmers across rural Tibet observe the tradition before harvest. Many places also hold horse races, dancing and other activities.

Tibetan Spring Ploughing Day

Tibetans at Neqoin Village, Doilungdeqen County in rural Lhasa donned festive clothes on March 3, the fourth day after the Tibetan New Year, to celebrate the "Spring Ploughing Day."
The Tibetans also offered each other and their tractors "hada", auspicious white silk scarves, to wish a bumper harvest.
Neqoin Village, a well-known provider with well-bred seeds for entire Tibet, has achieved constant harvest for the past 18 years. Per capita annual income of its villagers has topped over 2,000 yuan (US$ 250).

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Festival-18

2008-10-18T09:15:00.001-07:00

Blessing of the dagger of exorcism

The Three Great Monasteries each had its own noted religious festivals: the "Lubum" festival for Drepung, the "Taktse Drupcho" Taktse Drupcho" for Ganden, and the "Blessing of the Dagger of Exorcism" for Sera, There is no written record as to the source of the "Dagger of Exorcism", but the legend goes as such:
The Dagger of Exorcism was discovered by theIndian sage Padmasambhava from the walls of a stupa named, "Deje," in a place called Silwatsal in Indian in the 8th century. He brought it to Tibet and hid it under the earth at a place named Yerpa Sewa Dong. In the 12th century a yogin named, "Dachar", dug it from the hidden place. Many years after, it was received to the presence of Kunkyen lodroi Rinchen, the founder of the Je college, who kept it in the Hiyagriva (the Horse-Necked One) shrine as an important relic for the college. In the time of the 5th Dalai Lama, it was taken to Drepung monastery where he started giving blessings with it to people which was the stating point of its blessings. Later its blessings were given to people from the Potala palace. Finally the date 27th of the Twelveth month was fixed as the day for its blessings to be given to people by the Abbot of the Je college. On that day the staff of the Je college in festive attire first took the Dagger of Exorcism to the Potala palace, then to the Cabinet Ministery to offer blessings, and finally at their return to the Je college a general blessing of the Dagger of the Dagger of Exorcism was given to the monk and lay communities.

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Festival-17

2008-10-18T09:14:00.000-07:00

Universal Prayer Festival

The Universal Prayer Festival is celebrated on the 15th of the fifth Tibetan month.
It is called "Zamling Chisang" in Tibetan, meaning "Universal Incense Offering Day." The event is to commemorate Padmasambhava's Subjugation of evil spirits. People go to monasteries and burn juniper branches.

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Festival-16

2008-10-18T09:13:00.000-07:00

Tibetans enjoy Ongkor Festival

*Women of Xinba village are dancing on farmland, photo taken on July 14, Xinhua.
*Villagers of Xinba village enjoy Ongkor Festival, photo taken on July 14, Xinhua.Ongkor Festival in Tibetan is to wish for a bumper harvest. The date of Ongkor Festival is not a fixed one, but it is decided according to the time when the Qingke (a kind of highland barley) ripens in each village. The Ongkor Festival, which lasts three days and will be celebrated a few days before the harvest, we will see all the villagers, men and women, young and old, put on their best holiday clothes. After the Ongkor Festival, locals will start their intense autumn harvest.

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Festival-15

2008-10-18T09:11:00.000-07:00

Losar--Tibetan New Year
Tibetan New Year (1st-3rd day of the 1st lunar month)

It is the greatest festival in Tibet. In ancient times when the peach tree was in blossom, it was considered as the starting of a new year.
Since the systematization of the Tibetan calendar in 1027 A.D., the first day of the first month became fixed as the New Year. On the New Year's Day, families unite "auspicious dipper" is offered and the auspicious words ¡°tashi delek" are greeted.
The Tibetan New Year is known as 'Losar', the most popular of all the festivals of the year, when even young Tibetans wear chuba and pay their first visit of the year to a temple with their family early in the morning. On New Year's Day, Tibetans are supposed to offer ornaments called 'Chemar' and chang beer to their households¡¯ deity and to the water dragon that takes care of their water supply. Be careful as the chang served is strong enough to get drunk.
After saying 'Tashi Delek' and exchanging greetings with neighbors, Tibetans do nothing but feast on the food and drink that they have painstakingly prepared. They visit each others feasts and have parties full of drinking and singing. The men don't miss an opportunity to enjoy gambling, with games of 'Sho' (dice), 'Pakchen' (mah-jong), etc. On New Year's Day everyone spends time with their family or neighbors and then start paying visits to their relatives on the second day. Children also have a good time New Year's gifts of candies, etc.
On the 3rd day they replace the year old tar-choks and dar-shings on the roof of their houses with new ones and burn thick bunches of 'Sang' (fragrant grasses). After so much feasting it is no wonder that Tibetans take days off after the celebrations. Other nationalities such as the Han and Hui have their own New Year celebrations according to different calendars but the shopkeepers among them are said to be too scared to even open their shops during Tibetan Losar, due to the mobs of drunk Tibetans.
The Story of Losar
Happy Losar (Tibetan New Year). Tibetans all over the world celebrated Tibetan New Year. The word Losar is a Tibetan word for New Year. LO means year and SAR means new.
The celebration of Losar can be traced back to the pre-Buddhist period in Tibet. During the period when Tibetans practiced the Bon religion, every winter a spiritual ceremony was held, in which people offered large quantities of incense to appease the local spirits, deities and protectors. This religious festival later evolved into an annual Buddhist festival which is believed to have originated during the reign of Pude Gungyal, the ninth King of Tibet. The festival is said to have begun when an old woman named Belma introduced the measurement of time based on the phases of the moon. This festival took place during the flowering of the apricot trees of the Lhokha Yarla Shampo region in autumn, and it may have been the first celebration of what has become the traditional farmers' festival. It was during this period that the arts of cultivation, irrigation, refining iron from ore and building bridges were first introduced in Tibet. The ceremonies which were instituted to celebrate these new capabilities can be recognized as precursors of the Losar festival. Later when the rudiments of the science of astrology, based on the five elements, were introduced in Tibet, this farmer's festival became what we now call the Losar or New Year's festival.
The calendar is made up of twelve lunar months and Losar begins on the first day of the first month. In the monasteries, the celebrations for the Losar begin on the twenty-ninth day of the twelfth month. That is the day before the Tibetan New Year's Eve. On that day the monasteries do a protector deities' puja (a special kind of ritual) and begin preparations for the Losar celebrations. The custom that day is to make special noodle called guthuk. It is made of nine different ingredients including dried cheese and various grains. Also, dough balls are given out with various ingredients hidden in them such as chilies, salt, wool, rice and coal. The ingredients one finds hidden in one's dough ball are supposed to be a lighthearted comment on one's character. If a person finds chilies in their dough, it means they are talkative. If white-colored ingredients like salt, wool or rice are inside the dough it is considered a good sign. If a person finds coal in the dough it has much the same meaning as finding coal in one's Christmas stocking; it means you have a "black heart".
The last day of the year is a time to clean and prepare for the approaching New Year. In the monasteries it is a day of preparations. The finest decorations are put up and elaborate offerings are made of called "Lama Losar". In the early dawn of this day, the monks of Namgyal Monastery offer a sacrificial cake (Tse- tor) on top of the main temple (Potala in Tibet) to the supreme hierarchy of Dharma protectors, the glorious goddess Palden Lhamo. The abbots of three great monasteries, lamas, reincarnated monks, government officials and dignitaries join the ceremony and offer their contemplative prayers, while the monks of Namgyal Monastery recite the invocation of Palden Lhamo. After the completion of this ceremony, all assemble in the hall called Excellence of Samsara and Nirvana for a formal greeting ceremony. Seated on his or her respective cushions, everyone exchanges the traditional greeting, "Tashi delek".
Consecrated long-life pills (tse-ril) made out of roasted barley dough is offered to him by the representatives of the three great monasteries, the two Tantric Colleges, etc. Then entertainers (garma) perform a dance of good wishes. And two senior monks stage a debate on Buddhist philosophy, and conclude their debate with an auspicious recitation composed especially for the event, in which the whole spectrum of Buddhist teaching is first briefly reviewed. A request is made to His Holiness and to all holders of the doctrine to remain for a long time amongst beings in samsara in order to serve them through their enlightened activities. The official ceremony of the day then concludes with a ceremonial farewell.
The second day of Losar is known as King's Losar (gyal-po lo-sar) because officially the day is reserved for a secular gathering in the hall of Excellence of Samsara and Nirvana. His Holiness and his government exchange greetings with both monastic and lay dignitaries, such as representatives of China, India, Bhutan, Nepal, Mongolia and other foreign visitors. Then from the third day onwards, the people and monks begin to celebrate and enjoy the festive season. In Tibet before the Chinese came, Losar had been celebrated for fifteen days or more. In India today we celebrate for three days, and in America we have minimized it to one day. In this way the three days of the New Year celebration officially concludes.
Dates of the Tibetan New Year
The Tibetan New Year is reglemented by the systematization of the Tibetan calendar in 1027 and follows the Chinese New Year. Before that, the year started in Tibet with the blossoming of the peaches. On this day, families unite greeting with the auspicious "tashi delek".
22 January 2004 Thursday
9 February 2005 Wednesday
29 January 2006 Sunday
18 February 2007 Sunday
7 February 2008 Thursday
26 January 2009 Monday
14 February 2010 Sunday
Tibetan New Year in different areas
Different from the Han people, however, Tibetans living in different areas celebrate their Lunar New Year in different ways and in different time.
Lhasa
In the capital of Tibet Autonomous Region, the holiday begins on the 29th day of the 12th Tibetan month. During the holiday which usually lasts one week in urban areas of Lhasa and two weeks in the countryside, new clothes are made, houses and monasteries alike are cleaned from top to bottom, various shapes of kase (fried wheat twists) are made, and walls are painted.
The family's best carpets and finest silver are also brought out. The Eight Auspicious Symbols, which appear as protective motifs throughout Tibetan-populated areas, are painted in strategic locations. Butter lamps are lit. Flowers are placed on altars. Piles of juniper, cedar, rhododendron, and other fragrant branches are prepared for burning as incense. On Tibetan New Year's Eve, the family gather around a steaming hot pot of dumpling soup called gortu. Some of the dumplings have surprises wrapped in them. As the meal begins, each person opens one of these special dumplings. The object one finds will indicate, much like a fortune cookie, that person's personality. If one finds salt, that is a good sign and means that one is all right; the one who finds wool is very lazy; coal indicates maliciousness; a white stone foretells a long life; pepper means that one has a glib tongue. Everyone takes what is left in their bowl and dumps it back into the pot, as well as a piece of hair, a fingernail, and an old piece of clothing at the end of the meal. A dough effigy which represents the collective evil and ill will of the past 12 months is made and put in on top of everything else.
A woman carries the pot out of the house. A man follows her with a burning torch made of wheat stalks shouting: "Get out! Get out!" Then, the whole family moves to the middle of an intersection of roads or paths, where they throw away the remains of the gortu and the burning torch while the children set off firecrackers. So the city of Lhasa is illuminated by torches and resonant with the sound of firecrackers. This ceremony is conducted to get rid of all the negative forces at the end of the year so that the New Year will begin unencumbered. In the morning of New Year's Day, the family rise early, put on their new clothes and finest jeweler, make offerings of barley flour mixed with butter and sugar at the family shrine, and then go to monasteries after breakfast. On that morning, tens of thousands of Tibetans swarm into the Jokhang, Zhaibung and Sera monasteries, and the Potala Palace, all in Lhasa, to worship Buddha. People add roasted highland barley, wheat, and juniper and cedar branches into the burning incense burners on Barkhor Square. Smoke fills the area. On the second day of the Tibetan New Year, people begin visiting their relatives and friends. They feast on rich holiday foods, drink highland barley liquor, play mahjong, dice and card games, and sing and dance around huge bonfires at night. The revelry continues for from three to five days.
Xigaze Prefecture
Like their peers in Lhasa, Tibetans in Xigaze Prefecture of the Tibet Autonomous Region launch their Tibet Lunar New Year holiday on December 29th of the Tibet lunar calendar. On that afternoon, local Tibetan men wash their hair after cleaning their houses and painting the Eight Auspicious Symbols on the walls. It is said that this will help the men have black and shiny hair and bring good luck to the family. Women cannot wash their hair that afternoon because it would have the opposite effect. On New Year's Eve, the same ceremony to drive out evil spirits is carried out in every family. Instead of throwing away the remains of the gortu and the burning torch, the men of the family climb onto a hill far from the house and burn a boiled sheep head until black, which will be offered at the family shrine as a sacrifice. As a result, the day has become known as "the smelly last day." The young men and women get up around dawn on New Year's Day. Dressed in their festive best, some of them climb onto hills to erect new prayer flags for the village. Prayer flags are square pieces of fabric with prayers printed on them, strung together and hung from a large timber flagpole. Each flutter of a flag in the wind is another recitation of the prayer printed on it, for the benefit of the community. The others go to streams or wells for "new water." Then the family will have a lunch at which they share a sheep's head, sausages and wheat porridge, and drink highland barley liquor on the first day of the first Tibetan month. In the second day of the new year, all families gather in their neighborhood squares to burn juniper branches and offer highly alcoholic barley liquor and snacks as sacrifice to the area's deity of the land and protector deities. Starting on the third day of the New Year, banquets for friends and relatives are held one after another.
Amdo region
The Amdo region refers to Tibetan areas in Qinghai Province, southwestern Gansu Province and northwestern Sichuan Province. Most of the region is covered with vast grasslands. Tibetans living there are mainly nomads. For the Amdo Tibetan nomads, the first thing to be done on the morning of the Tibetan Lunar New Year is always to climb to the top of a hill near their settlement and try to be the first person to burn juniper branches to worship the local protector deities. It is a great honor to be the first to burn juniper branches, for he or she has the right to sound the white conch to inform the others living around the hill and the first smoke can be seen for a great distance. Other people at the top of the hill will then add more juniper and cedar branches to the fire and offer liquor and highland barley flour to the local protector deities. Different from Lhasa and Xigaze, house cleaning and water drawing are prohibited on New Year's Day in many areas of the Amdo region. In some Amdo areas, men get up early in the morning of New Year's Day and run toward the cow or sheep sheds to see in which direction the animals are pointing while they sleep. Wherever their heads point, whether east, south, west or north, that direction will have auspicious conditions in the New Year. Cows and sheep will be painted with three colors or tied with five-color cloth stripes, and made to move in that direction for some distance to ensure the good luck.
Nyingchi Prefecture
In this Eastern Tibet prefecture, the holidays for the 2004 Tibetan Lunar New Year will at this time actually be over, because the residents of the prefecture in eastern Tibet celebrate the Tibetan Lunar New Year on the first day of the 10th Tibetan lunar month. The special local custom began in 1904. That year, news came to Nyingchi that the invading British troops were arriving. Local Tibetan men in Nyingchi Prefecture began preparing to join the fight against the British invaders to defend their home villages. In order not to miss the new year celebrations, the local people decided to hold the festival events before the men left for the battle field. This happened on the first day of the 10th Tibetan lunar month, and the tradition has stuck until this day. The locals are fond of dogs, as the region boasts dense forests and dogs are not only guards of houses, but also men's hunting helpers. During the New Year's Eve, dogs are invited to share food with their masters. Traditionally, the food the dogs choose to eat will be abundant in the coming year.
So, if people miss the chance of enjoying the Tibetan Lunar New Year in Nyingchi in the 10th Lunar Month, they still have another chance to enjoy it in other parts of Tibet

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Festival-14

2008-10-18T09:09:00.000-07:00

Winter festivals in Tibet

Losar -- Tibetan New Year
Dates: Known as Losar, it starts from first to third of the first Tibetan month.
Place: Tibet
Activities:
The Tibetan New Year is the most important festival in Tibet. It is an occasion when Tibetan families reunite and expect a better new year. Specially made offerings are offered to family shrine deities; doors are painted with religious symbols; and other painstaking jobs are done to prepare for the event. On the New Year's Eve, Tibetans eat barley crumb food (Guthuk in Tibetan) with their families. Before the dawn on the New Year's Day, housewives fetch their first buckets of water in the new year home and prepare breakfast. After dressing up, people open their doors upon prayers and go to monasteries. People visit their neighborhoods and exchange their Tashi Delek blessings in the first two days. Feasting is the theme during the session. On the third day, old prayer flags will be replaced with new ones.
Great Prayer Festival
Dates: It falls on January 4-11 of the Tibetan calendar
Place: Tibet and Gansu Province
Activities:
The Great Prayer Festival, known as "Monlam" in Tibetan, is the grandest religious festival in the year for Tibetans. It usually occurs in February of the Gregorian calendar. The event was established in 1049. Religious dances are performed and thousands of monks and Buddhists gather for chanting before the Jokhang Temple. Examination for Geshe degree (the highest degree in Buddhist theology), taking form of sutra debates, is held. Pilgrims crowd to listen to sermons and to make religious donations.
Butter Lamp Festival
Dates: It takes place on January 15 of the Tibetan calendar.
Place: Tibet
The Butter Lamp Festival, or Chunga Choepa in Tibetan, falls on the 15th day of the first Tibetan month. The event was also established by Tsong Khapa to celebrate the victory of Sakyamuni against heretics in a religious debate. Various giant butter and tsampa sculptures, in forms of auspicious symbols and figures, are displayed on the Barkhor Street in Lhasa. By nightfall the street is brightly lit with thousands of lamps made of butter in an intriguing assortment of designs. People keep singing and dancing to pray for blessings throughout the night.
Tsong Khapa's Festival
Dates: It falls on October 15th of Tibetan calendar.
Place: Tibet
Activities:
The Tsong Khapa's Festival marks the anniversary of the death of Tsong Khapa, the founder of the Gelukpa sect. On this night, countless butter lamps are lit on the rooftops of houses and temples, and prayers are chanted, to memorize the passing away of Tsong Khapa.
Tibetan Meadow Festival
Dates: It is celebrated on early January of Tibetan calendar, and lasts about one week.
Place: Tibet
Activities:
Prior to the festival, every family tidies up the house. According to the customs of the Tibetans, people pour out sewage and rubbish toward the west when the sun is setting down the west. It means to have all stuff harmful to the human health disappear.
During the first three days of the festival, it is a custom for the villagers not to go out of the village. All of them watch the sorcerer's dance in a trance, which is a kind of the traditional religious dance.
In the next three days, people bring elders and young to drop into the village, and greet each other for a merry festival.
Molang Qinbo Festival
Dates: It is held on January 15 of Tibetan calendar.
Place: Tibet
Activities:
During the ceremony, lamas from the three large temples and other monasteries assemble in the city, reciting scripture in groups. In addition, the examination will be given to acquire the "Gexi" scholarship degree.
Kongpo Traditional Festival
Dates: The Kongpo people declare an early New Year on October 1 of Tibetan calendar.
Place: Kongpo area
Activities:
The festival continues to this day and memorializes the brave soldiers who were prepared to defend their homeland and miss the New Year celebration. The festival begins with the presentation of three sacrifices and then continues nonstop with such entertainment as Kongpo dancing, horse racing, archery, and shooting.

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Festival-13

2008-10-18T09:07:00.000-07:00

Going is good to exciting at dama festival horse race

After years of looking at picture books and postcards and listening to the tales of those who had been there, I had become a big fan of Tibet's breathtaking landscapes and unique culture.So it was great anticipation that I set off for the snowy lands last month for my first visit. But I was also nervous travelling to a very tight schedule. We began in Lhasa, capital of the Tibet Autonomous Region.
We wanted to make it to Gyantse, the small ancient city in Xigaze Prefecture in southwest Tibet. The historic seat hosts the famous Dama Festival, a five-day jamboree of theatre, horse and yak racing, archery, dancing and singing. Farmers, herdsmen and locals flock to the city's streets to join in the party which has a history of at least 500 years.
We spent 12 hours bumping along a winding road from Lhasa but the endurance was worth it because we spent the last two days of the colourful, exciting event socking up the carnival atmosphere.The Dama Festival is held each year usually on July 20-25. We arrived at midnight and made for our hotel to ensure an early rise the next morning.
The Dama FestivalWe were told by the tour guide that the next day we would see the final stages of the horse racing, followed by a massive costume parade, an awards-giving ceremony and the closing ceremony.
After a hasty breakfast, we went to the flat area near the Dzong, or the old fort, which is the main venue for the festival. We arrived there at about 8 o'clock, hoping to find an advantageous position with a good view for the racing.
We were somewhat surprised however, to find that thousands of race-goers had already occupied the hills near the race ground and that hundreds of tents were erected in the woods and on the grassy area around the race track. But no wonder this event was proving to be the most popular of the long carnival.
The Dama Festival literally mean "archery on horseback" in Tibetan. For many years, the festival was held over five to seven days taking place from the 10th to the 28th day of the fourth month as dictated by the Tibetan calendar, locals told us.But in 1996, it was changed to the Gregorian calendar and was held in July. The reason was July was considered the slack period for farming. The festival was originated in the area and was part of a noble and religious ritual in ancient times.
According to local records, Gyantse Prince Dharma Raodain Gungsangpo officially launched the festival in 1408.
Over the centuries, the festival gradually evolved into an important folk cultural event combining sports games. It became a popular period for distant friends and families to come together to picnic, dance, watch the many events, catch up on gossip and trade.
During our visit, the major activities included religious events such as the unfolding and basking of the tangka scroll of Buddha, the sorcerers dances and popular Tibetan sports such as horse racing, yak racing, a boulder lifting contest, wrestling, archery and tug of war competition.
The horse track lies to the south of the Dzong and is encircled with a clay wall.
Right outside there is a modern sports ground used mainly as a temporary open market.
It was a sunny day in Gyantse. The wind blew gently. The scent of blossoming rape flowers was in the air.
"It is a perfect day for us to have fun," said a young farmer called Puze, 20, from Jieze Town, which lies many miles away from the city.
Bringing with them food, drinks, tents, and goods for sale, local Tibetans - mainly farmers - came from near and far on foot, by bus, by tractor, or by horse to attend the festival, which is one of three similar traditional events held across the region.
The others are the Shoton Yogurt Festival and the Tibetan New Year.
We learned that others like us drove for hours from Lhasa to Gyantse a few days ago for the remote party. The horse race was to begin at 10 o'clock sharp. So I went alone for a look at the open market.
Shopping here is an interesting experience. Even if you did not want to buy anything, an aimless stroll among the roughly formed rows of vendor stalls was rewarding.
I found that the market was a mix of trade and amusement, both elements offering a strong local flavour.
Some vendors were selling traditional clothes, hats, farming equipments and small articles for daily use. Some were selling mysterious Tibetan medicines that you rarely see in places outside of Tibet. Still some were touting in loud voices their hand-made jewellery and ornaments. With sweets in hands, small kids chased one another among the booths and potential buyers, crying out cheerfully.
Bright-eyed Tibetan girls dressed in bright, colourful clothes and gorgeous head ornaments walked gracefully in groups. A light, charming smile immediately appeared the moment their eyes met with those from visitors from afar. Some senior Tibetan farmers passed through the rows of the vendor stalls, slowly and somewhat absent-mindedly, maybe hoping to spot something he or she wants to buy and take home. But such faraway thoughts never prevented their prayer wheel from rolling.
Some old Tibetan farmers did not bother to walk around but sat on the spot where they could see the horse race clearly, drinking homemade barley wine.
At about 9:50 am, people began to gather around the track. The open market became quiet and at last all selling and buying activities came to a halt. Some members of our travel group climbed up to the top of the hills overlooking the ground. Some went to join a small portion of audiences which was standing behind the iron banisters in the central part of the ground.
I chose to join the crowd standing along the race track right within the walls of the race ground. Twelve young riders and their assistants came into the ground on their steeds.
The youngest challenger was 15 years old while the oldest was 20, I was informed. Older riders are considered not suitable for the intense riding and also their bulk would be too much burden for the horses which were expected to sprint from the off. The young riders wore tight clothing made for easier movement.
Some riders were sporting, to me at least, strange flame-like hairstyles, and the manes of their mounts were fashioned in similar style and adorned with colourful silk ribbons.
Even the tail of the horses were tied in ribbons and resembled a colourful whip. All the riders were in high spirits and appeared extremely confident of themselves.
I had learned earlier that 54 young riders from 18 towns in Gyantse County had competed in the early stages of the race meeting. Days before the festival, tryout heats between up to five riders decided which lucky one would represent the towns.
Once in the history of the festival, said locals, 100 riders competed in the final race to be champion. When not racing, the nags are used for farming activities.Fierce race contest
The start of the race was only seconds from the off. As the chief referee's signal gun fired a loud "crack," 12 horses flashed forward from the starting line which was formed by cobbles. This was to act as the finishing line, too.
A great dust cloud formed as the hooves of the horses thundered along with great strides on the dry earth.
And the rapid, thumping hoofbeats made the audiences excited and nervous. The young riders blew a whistle in sharp blast while wielding the whip in their hands, urging their horses to go faster and faster to get ahead of others. The crowd let out loud cries in a local dialect every time a rider surpassed others to take the lead.
The race track is about 1,000 metres so the final, at 3,000 metres, was to be three laps.
"For these young kids, this race is definitely a test of courageous heroism, tenacity and wisdom," said Luojie, a Tibetan middle school teacher who used to be a contestant in the great horse race. On the track, a fierce battle for supremacy was taking place.
Sometimes, two or three horses came to close to each other and several women in the crowd - perhaps sisters or girlfriends of the riders - let out high pitched shrills as their nerves got the better of them.
During one heat a young rider was hurt in a collision with another horse, the contest was stopped and the rider was taken away for medical treatment.
For each stage of the race, a yellow paint mark was stamped on the buttocks of the leading race horses. The more yellow marks a horse bears, the higher award the rider would receive.
After three rounds of races, the winners and losers were determined by a group of nine judges.
The contest ended at around 13:00 pm.
But the judges had had difficulty following the final heat. In an unusual move, judges called upon photo journalists to show them images taken with digital cameras to find out and decide who came where and who won.
Before the award ceremony the costume parade began.
At least 20 song and dance groups from the towns, monasteries, nunneries, schools and local government departments marched around another larger sports ground which lies to the north of the race track.
The parade was a pageant of beautiful clothes, hairstyles and a showcase of singing and dancing skills.
But the most welcomed members of this parade were those who delivered on-horseback performances with traditional masks and who sang folk tunes and the lamas from nearby Buddhist monasteries who performed Buddhist rituals and showed some Buddhist relics to the audiences sitting around the sports ground.
The parade and performances lasted for about an hour. Finally, the performers settled in the sports ground in rows.
Then came the award-giving for the horse racing champions and the closing ceremony of the whole festival. Six contestants were to receive awards.
The top winner would receive 800 yuan (US$97) in cash from the organizer of the race.
I was told the rider would immediately hand his cash over to the school where he studies to pay for tuition fees. The winnings could cover the cost for several school years.
A rider called Badain Tashi, 16, from Kharmey Town won first prize this year. Runner-up Tsetop was from the same town.Badianzhaxi began riding only four years ago. He trained for the race during weekends, while during the week he studied at Kharmey Township Middle School.
"I did the best I could and believed I would win the race even before it started. But my parents are happier. They must be proud of me. And they do not have to pay my tuition fees for quite some time," he said.
A local official declared the end of the festival.
But it seemed people were reluctant to leave the happy atmosphere of the event and many hung around soaking up the last good-time vibes that had carried on the breeze during the last five days.
Ngawang, our Tibetan driver, whispered to me: "Do not believe the official's words. The party has not even begun yet!"
That evening, the crowd regrouped in the sports ground for a vast party of eating, drinking, singing and dancing. Sleep came very late - in fact way into the small hours - for most.What a pity that we had to leave for the hotel that was located in another part of the city and did not have a chance to share with the local people what was obviously going to be a joyful evening.
Sitting in the bumping, winding minivan as we rushed back to Lhasa, I made my mind up firmly: I will be back some day to see the Dama Festival from the beginning to the end

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Festival-12

2008-10-18T09:06:00.002-07:00

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Festival-11

2008-10-18T09:06:00.001-07:00

Festivals in Chamdo

Zhongque Festival Time: July 24 Place: ChamdoContent: religious ceremony, fashion show, and Tibetan opera performance
Khampa Art Festival Time: October 1Place: Chamdo Content: a gathering of literary and artistic performance and trade talks.

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Festival-10

2008-10-18T09:05:00.000-07:00

Festivals in Nyingchi

The Mountain Circumambulation After circumambulation to the Sacred Bonri Mountain by anticlockwise, at the same time, people will turn round wheels of Mani by anti-clockwise.
Menba Circumambulating to the Mountain Festival Circumambulation to the foot of the Sangtok Pelri Mountain in June or July in summer will take one whole day.
Niangbu Lasu Festival Every tenth of the eighth month in horse year in Tibetan calendar, a festival is held in Kongpo Gyamda in offer of sacrifice to gods with a horse race, yak race and singing and dancing performance etc.
Circumambulation to Baksum Tso On the fifteenth of the fourth month in Tibetan calendar, people walk around Baksum Tso Lake.
The Cattle Festival The Cattle Festival is a festival of Sherpa people. The Sherpas drive their cattle up to the hill to graze in spring and fetch them down in autumn. People wish their cattle be plump and fat in winter or be increased in number, and also hope their clans be well off in life.
The Azaleas Tour Festival Tour projects being developed in recent years are mainly for June when azaleas are full in blossom over the mountains. Azaleas make Nyingtri more fascinating. It is the best season for people to visit Nyingtri and enjoy the beautiful scenery of this area known as “the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtse River area of Tibet”.
The Kongpo New YearThe first of the tenth month in Tibetan calendar is the first day of the Kongpo New Year. The festival is held in Kongpo Gyamda. It is said in a legend that Kongpo King led his army for an expedition and fought invaders. In memory of the victory people in Kongpo spend the night on watch in religious rituals, such as “ driving off evil spirits”, “eating gyida”, “carrying water on the back”, “asking for blessing from the Goddess of Harvest” etc. Now the Kongpo people add up more entertainment activities such as singing and dancing, horse race, archery, barter trade and drinking.

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Festival-9

2008-10-18T09:04:00.002-07:00

Festivals in Xigaze

Xigaze New Year It starts on the 29th day of the twelveth month in Tibetan calendar. The duration of the New Year is based on local customs and conditions with no necessary fixing the length of the occasion.
Horserace in Gyantse In memory of the local King Rapten Kunsang the festival falls on the 10th –27th of fourth month in Tibetan calendar. During the festival many activities such as horse race and archery, Tibetan opera, singing and dancing as well as barter trade are held. (It was originated in 1408).

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Festival-8

2008-10-18T09:04:00.001-07:00

Festivals in Lhokha

The Yarlung Cultural Festival July25-27 every year, there are many programs such as contests at national physical programs, singing and dancing, Tibetan operas, Tibetan dress shows etc.
Lhoka Barter Fair This barter fair is on purpose of exchanging goods. It is the most distinguished gathering in Lhoka.
The Worshipping Mountain Festival August 3 is the first is day of sermon for Shakyamuni. Buddhist followers wear new cassocks to worship Buddha on mountains.

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Festival-7

2008-10-18T09:03:00.000-07:00

Festivals in Nagqu

Horse race in NagquThis festival falls on 10th August, the golden time of grassland. Thousands of nomads ride to Nakchu town from all directions with different kinds of local products. A temporary tent city appears to the north of Nakchu town, the festival includes programs: horse race, archery, sports, the world-famous Gesar Epic ballad recitation and so on.
Damshung horse raceBeing a tradition on Changthang grassland, Damshung horse race is held in every August. During the festival, tourists can appreciate traditional programs such as horse race, archery and horsemanship. Besides stone lifting, tug-of-war and other activities are performed. The large –scale goods exchange is held, too.
Trekking Namtso LakeTrekking Namtso lake has been a traditional activity for a long time. Senior monks from monasteries around Namtso Lake perform religious rituals. Even nowadays, monks of Kagyupa sect are still making self-cultivation by the lake or on islands. Every sheep year in Tibetan calendar devoted Buddhist follower flow here to pay homage to the Buddha by trekking Namtso Lake. They throw ceremonial scarves in the lake in the hope of good health, good harvest and good luck. Namtso Lake is holy of body, speech and mind as well as the holy of all places. Tibetan Buddhists believe that one may get merits, virtues and vast knowledge by trekking Namtso Lake. Between April and May, lots of followers come for trekking Namtso Lake and, the lake becomes clouded by incense.

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Festival-6

2008-10-18T09:02:00.000-07:00

Festivals in Ngari

Circumambulation to Mt. KailashTime: May 24---August 31Place: Ngari.Content: Religious activities in worship of Mt. Kailash.
Folklore festival of Palgon Tso LakeTime: June 1---August 31Place: NgariContent: Horse race, local singing and dancing and fashion show.
Shangshung Culture FestivalTime: August 1---August 31 Place: Ngari Content: Exhibition on Shangshung culture and folk song and dance performances.

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Festival-5

2008-10-18T09:01:00.000-07:00

Gyangtse Horseracing and Archery Festival

The Gyangtse Horseracing & Archery Festival It falls on April 15-18 of the Tibetan calendar, usually around May or June of the Gregorian calendar.
There are different versions of the origin of the festival. During the festival, horse race, archery contest, and other games are performed to entertain people. Religious activities also are part of the event.
While horse racing and archery is popular all over Tibet, festival organizers are proud of the event being the oldest. It was first held in 1408, when the king of Gyangtse gave a decree marking the period from April 10 through 27 of every year for prayers and sacrificial ceremony for his grandfather with entertainment offered on the 28th. By the mid-17th century, the original ritual ceremonies became symbolic and contests of archery on horseback grew to be the most important events for the festival. Nowadays, with all kinds of entertainment and fairs organized it has become one of the most important festivals in Tibet.
Around May and June every year, people from all over Tibet gather in Gyantse for horseracing, archery, and shooting on gallop, followed by a few days' entertainment or picnicking. Nowadays, ball games, track and field events, folk songs and dance, as well as barter trade are added.

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Festival-4

2008-10-18T09:00:00.001-07:00

Festivals in Lhasa

The Royal New Year The first day of the first month in Tibetan calendar is the Royal New Year that is in February or March according to the Gregorian calendar. This is an important festival of the year for Tibetans. At the beginning of the twelveth month in Tibetan calendar, Tibetans start to prepare the holiday gifts including the “Auspicious Bushel”which is filled with barley flour mixed with butter and fried wheat and ginseng. On the top of the barley flour is inserted the highland barley ears, the cockscomb and the colored flower plat made of butter. Early on the New Year day’s morning, Tibetans, men and women, dressed in their hosliday best carry it in hand to exchange New Year’s greetings and the good wishes to each other, saying “Tashi Delek” which means auspicious or luck. After these few days, they also go to the monasteries nearby to worship Buddha, or sing and dance on the streets, or go to visit their relatives and friends for drinking to their heart’s content to enjoy the New Year together. Everyone is intoxicated with spirit of the festival.
The Shoton Festival in Lhasa On the First of the Seventh month, or August in Gregorian calendar, traditionally, after the monks are required to remain sequestered in their monasteries for the ascetic practice of Buddhism, people from their families prepared sour milk for them to drink with dancing following in their period of confinement. Shoton means “Yogurt Festival ”. In the early 17th century, the Shoton festival became a joint performance with the Tibetan operas. Tibetan artists with different schools from all over Tibet came to gather in Norbu Lingka to have a performing competition, which lasted for several days. During this period, the Drepung Monastery would hold a large portrait of Buddha displaying ceremony.
The Saga Dawa festivalIt is called “the festival to free captive animals”in local custom. Through the whole fourth month, monks don’t eat meat and don’t commit slaughter. They only concentrate themselves on turning prayer wheels and reciting Buddha’s scriptures.It is said that on the 1st of the fourth month is the day that Shakyamuni was born ,became enlightened and achieved nirvana.On this day every year, people in their holiday best, singing and dancing,go into parks for their dinner party.
The Wongkor (Bumper Harvest) festivalIt is an occasion that Tibetans long for a bumper harvest. When the important moment comes, people in their colorful clothes uphold colored flags with good wishes. They make a pagoda of harvest with the ceremonial scarves twining round the highland barley and the wheat ears, beating drums and gongs, singing in their odes and walk around the fields in prayers for a bumper harvest, and then followed by a horse race. The autumn harvest starts as soon as the festival is over.
The Six Four Festival On the fourth of the sixth month in Tibetan calendar, in Lhasa area, people in their new clothes go into temples nearby. With their offerings to Buddha, they pray to the Buddha’s images for blessing in murmurs. After that, they go out into the open grass with drinks to their hearts’ content and dance happily.
The Festival of driving out evil spirits Every 29 th of the twelveth month in Tibetan calendar is a big day for the sorcerer’s dancing held by monasteries all over Tibet. Households clean their houses thoroughly and decorate them beautifully. Because the New Year is coming, the dirty things and evils must be cleared away, people pray for their families for good health and wish a bumper harvest for the coming year.
Heavenly Maid FestivalIt is well known as “the Celestial Mother Festival” or “Belha Rabzhol” in Tibetan. Each year, on the 15th of the tenth month in Tibetan calendar, religious activities are held in temples throughout Tibet. Tibetan women love the festival because they think this is a special occasion for themselves, therefore, they look very active and feel extremely happy.
Butter Lamp FestivalThe Butter Lamp Festival is celebrated on the 15th day of the first month every year. Monks from monasteries and local artists make various-shaped butter flowers with colored butter in pyramids in front the Jokhang Temple. In the evening, after the butter lamps are lit, their lights look just like stars dazzling in the sky. The pyramids made of butter include of immortals, animals, flying birds, beasts, and flowers.
Tsongkapa's Death Anniversary It is held on the 25th day of the 10th month, which is in November or December in Gregorian calendar. It is the day on which Tsongkapa, the founder of the Gelug Sect met his demise. Every household light lamps on roofs of houses and windowsills chanting prayers in memory of Tsongkapa in the night.
Bathing Festival In the 7th month in Tibetan calendar or in September in Gregorian calendar is the period, which the Venus appears only for seven nights in one year. Tibetan people think the water is specially holy and clean during this week. They believe that the dirt can be washed off, illness can be cured and their health can be improved. During the week, people all go to riverbanks for bathing, washing their clothes and playing at their pleasure.

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Festival-3

2008-10-18T08:57:00.000-07:00

Tibetan women celebrate Women's Day

Rural women from the Targyai Town in Dagze County of Lhasa are dancing for their festival, photo by Jueguo from Xinhua on March 8.
Women of the Cuomeilin community in Lhasa are celebrating the International Women's Day launched by the neighborhood committee, photo by Jueguo from Xinhua on March 7.
Tibetan women in Lhasa, capital of Tibet Autonomous Region, have celebrated March 8, the International Women's Day, in various ways.

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Festival-2

2008-10-18T08:56:00.000-07:00

Lhasa, capital of Tibet, hailed the opening of the Shoton Festival, also known as "Yoghourt Festival", in front of the Potala Palace Square, on August 30.
As one of the traditional festivals in Tibet, Shoton Festival is gradually becoming a well-known festival with traditional and modern elements united in one. In Tibetan language, "xue" means "Yoghurt" and "dun" means "banquet", so it is also called "Yoghurt Festival".
Traditional programs, like Buddha painting unfolding and Tibetan opera, will be staged without exception while tourism, sports, commerce and other modern elements, are to be added in.
Originated from the mid-17th century, Shoton Festival has gradually changed into a festival with Tibetan opera and Buddha painting unfolding activities as a major part, hence, Tibetan people also call it "Buddha Painting Unfolding Festival" or "Tibet Opera Festival".
The festival will last till September 5.
In May 2006, Lhasa Shoton Festival was inscribed on the family of National Intangible Cultural Heritage List.

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Festival-1

2008-10-18T08:55:00.000-07:00

The first day of the first month in Tibetan calendar is the Royal New Year that is in February or March according to the Gregorian calendar. This is an important festival of the year for Tibetans. At the beginning of the twelveth month in Tibetan calendar, Tibetans start to prepare the holiday gifts including the "Auspicious Bushel" which is filled with barley flour mixed with butter and fried wheat and ginseng. On the top of the barley flour is inserted the highland barley ears, the cockscomb and the colored flower plat made of butter. Early on the New Year day’s morning, Tibetans, men and women, dressed in their hosliday best carry it in hand to exchange New Year’s greetings and the good wishes to each other, saying "Tashi Delek" which means auspicious or luck. After these few days, they also go to the monasteries nearby to worship Buddha, or sing and dance on the streets, or go to visit their relatives and friends for drinking to their heart’s content to enjoy the New Year together. Everyone is intoxicated with spirit of the festival.

China Tibet Tourism-Introduction-Tibetan Calendar OF TIBET

2008-10-18T08:51:00.000-07:00

The Tibetan calendar, a kind of almanac created by Tibetans has a history of 1300 years. The Tibetan calendar is mixed with the calendar of Yin and Yang, which is divided one year into four seasons: winter, spring, summer and autumn. The first month of the twelve is Yin (correspondent to March). The big months alternate with the small months. After every two or three years an intercalary month is added to regulate the seasons. It is quite different between the intercalary time and agricultural calendar. Due to being influenced by the Han calendar, the heavenly stems have always designed the Tibetan calendar and Earthly branches as annuals. Its difference is used the Five Elements to go instead of ten Heavenly stems. Jia yi (the first and the second of the ten heavenly stems) is symbolized of wood. Bing din (the third and the fourth) is symbolized of fire. Mao ji (the fifth and the sixth) is symbolized of earth. Geng xin (the seventh and the eighth) is symbolized of gold. Ren kui (the ninth and the tenth) is symbolized of water. Any of the twelve animals goes instead of the twelve Earthly branches such as Zhi is symbolized of the rat. Chou is symbolized of oxen and so on. For instance, Jia zhi year in lunar calendar is called the year of fire tiger in Tibetan calendar. A cycle of sixty years is called “Rabchung”in Tibetan calendar, which is similar in content to “the sixty year-old” in the hinterland of China.

Timetable of Tibetan Festivals in 2005-2008

Chinese Food>>home recipes>> Red Hakka bad ribs

2008-10-11T20:10:00.000-07:00

Raw materials: 排骨600克红糟1/3杯葱末、海米2大匙蒜末1大匙 600 g red bad ribs 1 / 3 cup diced green onion, 2 tablespoons dried shrimps Suanmo 1 tablespoons 辅料： Accessories: A料：糖1大匙鸡精3小匙香油3大匙水2杯 A material: Chicken 3 tablespoons sugar 1 tsp sesame oil 3 tablespoons water 2 cups 做法： Practice: 1 排骨洗净、放入热水中汆烫，去除血水后捞出，洗净、充分沥干；海米洗净、泡软。 1 Wash ribs into hot water in the hot Cuan, after the removal of blood remove, clean and fully Drain; Wash dried shrimps, soft foam. 2 锅中倒入适量油烧热，爆香大蒜、海米，放入烫过的排骨拌炒约1分钟，加入红糟及A料翻炒均匀，盛出，移入电锅蒸约40分钟至排骨软烂入味，盛起时撒上葱末即可食用。 2 Heat the oil amount into the pot, Baoxiang garlic, dried shrimps, burns Add spareribs Ban Chao, about 1 minute, worse by adding red and stir A uniform material, sung out into an electric rice cooker steaming about 40 minutes to Black Ruwei soft ribs, diced green onion sprinkled Sheng from time to eat. Tips： Tips: 红糟：红糟能润肠暖胃、活血去疼，并具有降血脂、降低胆固醇等功效，在享受排骨美味之余，还可以达到养生保健的目的，真是一举两得。 Red worse: worse to Red Runchang Nuanwei, promoting blood circulation to pain with blood fat, cholesterol-lowering effectiveness, and so on, enjoying the delicious ribs and still to achieve the objective of health care, is double. 特色： Characteristics: 红糟吃法变化多端，不但色泽漂亮，渗入排骨料理中，滋味更是一级棒! Eat bad red variety, not only beautiful color into the ribs cooking, taste is Yiji Bang!

Chinese Food>>home recipes>> Colon fried ginger

2008-10-11T20:08:00.000-07:00

[Materials needed]
材料：猪大肠300公克姜5片大蒜2粒红辣椒1支调味料： A料：醋精、黄豆酱各1小匙鲜鸡粉1/2小匙
[烹饪过程] [Cooking process]
1. 全部材料洗净。 1. Wash all the material. 大肠切段，姜切丝；红辣椒去蒂及籽，切丝；大蒜去皮，切片备用。 Large cut, cut ginger; untiringly and red pepper seeds, cut; Garlic, peeled, slicing back-up.
2. 锅中倒入1大匙油烧热，放入大肠炒热，加入蒜片炒香，在加入姜丝、红辣椒丝及A料炒半均匀，即可盛出。 2. Poured into the pot Heat 1 tablespoons oil into large boost by adding garlic slice Chao Xiang, to join in the ginger, red pepper and silk materials A speculation uniform and a half, can be sung out.
[备注] [Note]
姜丝最好选用嫩姜，才会清脆可口，不仅能调味，亦可直接食用。 The best selection of Dunem ginger ginger, crisp and delicious will not only be able flavorings can also be a direct human consumption. 炒姜丝大肠一定要用醋精，才能表现出道地客家料理风味。 Fried ginger vinegar concentrate must be large in order to debut performance of the Hakka-style cuisine.

Chinese Food>>home recipes>>Shanzhen seafood soup

2008-10-11T20:07:00.001-07:00

: clams, shrimp, carp accessories: Flammulina, Tricholoma, mushrooms and spices: salt, chicken, pepper, cooking wine, sesame oil practices: 1、将虾、蛤蜊洗净，鲫鱼去五脏洗净，用盐、料酒腌制10分钟； 1, shrimp, clams Wash, Wash carp to five internal organs, salt, salted cooking wine for 10 minutes; 2、将煎盘2分钟预热，放入鱼、虾4分钟取出置入微波炉专用器皿中，加入金针菇、香菇、口蘑，蛤蜊，倒入清水，放入微波炉中10分钟再加盖15分钟或更长时间，中途放入盐、鸡精、香油、胡椒粉即可。 2, Pan 2 minutes to warm-up into fish, shrimp 4 minutes out into special containers in the microwave oven, adding mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, Tricholoma, clams, and pour water into microwave oven in 10 minutes and then 15 minutes for stamping Or more, half-way into salt, chicken, sesame oil, pepper can be.

Chinese Food>>home recipes>> Ice brine the chicken skin

2008-10-11T20:06:00.001-07:00

About 中国人吃鸡讲究鲜、香、嫩、滑、爽、脆，其实亦是品尝此菜肴的基本原则。 Chinese people pay attention to eating fresh, fragrant and tender, slippery, cool, crisp, in fact, this is also a taste of dishes in the past. 其鸡皮脆香爽口，肉质嫩滑，原来用平常的简单材料也可以做出非一般的食味。 Cui Xiang gallinae its refreshing, succulent Nenhua, the original use of the usual simple materials can also be made of non-ordinary taste. 分量： Weight: 6～8位用 6 to 8 with 制作时间：1小时 Production Time: 1 hour 材料 Materials 光鸡1只(约1500克)，姜(拍扁)80克，干葱(拍扁)3粒，沙姜片3片，香叶2片，果皮1/2个，生油2汤匙。 A light chicken (about 1500 grams), ginger (flat film) 80 grams of dried onion (flat film) 3, 3 sand ginger, 2 Heung Yip, peel 1 / 2, 2 tablespoon oil. 浸鸡汁料 Liu Ji Zhi Baptist 清水16量杯，盐800克(预先与8量杯水煮溶)，砂糖40克，冰粒(后下)1200克。 16 measuring cup water, salt, 800 grams (8 in advance and measuring cup water soluble), 40 grams of sugar, ice (after) 1200 grams. 调味料 Seasoning 蒜子(剁碎)2粒，干葱(剁碎)2粒，油炸金蒜茸1汤匙，姜(切碎)20克，葱(切碎)1根，沙姜粉2茶匙，万字酱油5汤匙。 Son of garlic (chopped) 2, dried onions (chopped) 2, Kim fried garlic 1 tablespoon ginger (chopped) 20 grams of onion (chopped) 1, Sha 2 teaspoon Ginger Powder, soy sauce million words Spoon 5. 制法 Law - 1、锅预热，下生油，随即下所有调味料爆香，最后倒入酱油煮滚，备用(与鸡伴食)。 1, preheat the pot, under the oil, then all Baoxiang sauce, soy sauce into the final boil, back-up (with chicken Bansi). 2、光鸡去清内脏，清洗干净，备用。 2, chicken-ching to internal organs, clean, back-up. 3、预备一煲滚水，以能覆盖鸡面为准，放入其他材料，再放入光鸡，以大火滚起后，转用微火浸20分钟，捞起。 3, to prepare a pot boiling water to cover chicken noodle later into other materials, and then Add chicken to roll from the fire, switch to Weihuo Baptist 20 minutes to salvage. 4、光鸡捞起后，立即置于浸鸡汁料中，浸25～30分钟或直至鸡身凉冻，斩件后便可上碟。 4, chicken picked up immediately after the meal at Jizhi Baptist, Baptist 25 to 30 minutes or until the chicken cool and cold, in a piecemeal fashion, and after that they can dish. 心得 Experience 1、洗鸡时，必须除去内脏，特别是鸡肺，否则在烹调时，浸鸡水远不会被煮熟，以及不断有血水涌现。 1, wash the chicken, it is important to remove the internal organs, especially the chicken lung, or in cooking, dip the chicken cooked water will not be much, as well as the continuing emergence of blood. 2、采用速冻鸡作此菜式，肉质比较粗糙，口感欠佳，以活鸡的食味比较好。 2, used for the quick-frozen chicken dishes, succulent rough comparison, the poor taste to live the good taste. 3、鸡浸在浸鸡汁料中时，鸡身宜仍处于温暖至冻之间。 3, dip the chicken in the Baptist compound Ji Zhi, who should be the chicken is still in between the cold to warm. 4、浸鸡时间不宜太久，否则肉质的爽滑程度骤减。 4, dip the chicken should not be too long time, otherwise the quality level of Shuanghua sharply.

Chinese Food>>home recipes>>Feng Lin eggplant

2008-10-11T20:05:00.000-07:00

Eggplant recipe name Lin Feng-owned Cantonese cuisine type in their kitchen dishes Liang 基本特点请阅 Please read the basic characteristics of 基本材料肉泥20克、茄子200克、香葱10克、生姜10克。 Basic materials Rouni 20 grams, 200 grams of eggplant, scallions 10 grams, 10 grams of ginger. 调味料：花生油500克（实耗油100克）、盐10克、味精5克、白糖3克、生粉20克、麻油5克、鸡汤50克、老抽王10克。 Sauce: 500 grams of peanut oil (fuel consumption is 100 grams), 10 grams of salt, monosodium glutamate 5 g, 3 g sugar, 20 grams of Health powder, sesame oil, 5 grams, 50 grams of chicken soup, Wang Laochou 10 grams. 制作过程： Production process: 1、茄子去皮，切大粗条，香葱洗净切段，姜切米。 1 eggplant, peeled, cut large coarse, clean cut scallions, ginger Qiemi. 2、烧锅下油，油温120度时下入茄条，炸至金黄捞起。 2, burning under the pot of oil, oil temperature to 120 degrees today eggplant, golden Zhazhi picked up. 3、锅内留油，下入姜米、肉泥、茄子、鸡汤、盐、味精、白糖、老抽王，用小火烧至汁浓时再用湿生粉勾芡，淋麻油即成。 3, oil pot, under the ginger into rice, Rouni, eggplant, chicken soup, salt, MSG, sugar, Lao Chou Wang, the low heat Zhinong very badly and then when wet starch powder, sesame oil poured mold.

Chinese Food>>home recipes>> Eggplant cooked Huajiahu

2008-10-11T20:04:00.001-07:00

Cai Ming: cooking eggplant Huajiahu
菜系：鲁菜 Cuisine: Shandong [原料/调料] [Raw materials / seasoning]
花甲150克、茄子100克、生姜10克、红椒1只。 Huajiahu 150 grams, 100 grams of eggplant, 10 grams ginger, a red peppers.
花生油20克、盐10克、味精12克、白糖3克、绍酒5克、麻油5克。 20 g peanut oil, salt, 10 grams, 12 grams of monosodium glutamate, 3 g sugar, 5 grams Shaojiu, 5 g oil.
[制作流程] [Production process]
1.鲜茄去皮切圆块，姜切丝，红椒切条。 1. Fresh eggplant skin to block a round, cut ginger, red peppers be cut.
2.烧锅下油，放入姜丝，花甲，攒入绍酒炒片刻。 2. Burned under the oil pan, Add ginger, Huajiahu, to save Shaojiu speculation for a while.
3.加入清汤，鲜茄煮8分钟后，再调入盐、味精、白糖、红椒片煮3分钟，淋入麻油倒入汤窝内即成。 3. Accession to the broth, fresh eggplant cook 8 minutes, and then transferred to the salt, MSG, sugar, red-chip cook 3 minutes, Linru nest soup with sesame oil poured into the mold.

Chinese Food>>home recipes>> A tofu products

2008-10-11T20:03:00.001-07:00

Cuisine: Shandong
原料：家常豆腐2盒、冬菇70克、笋片50克、姜末1/4茶匙、青江菜6颗、蛋皮1张、胡萝卜40克、蛋清1个、盐1茶匙、香油1茶匙、太白粉2大匙、蚝油1大匙、香油1大匙、胡椒粉少许、高汤1杯、盐1/2茶匙、太白粉水1茶匙、香油1/3茶匙、味霖1茶匙 Materials: 2 boxes of bean curd family style, black mushrooms 70 grams, 50 grams Sunpian, ginger 1 / 4 teaspoon, green cabbages 6, a Dan Pi, 40 g carrot, an egg white, 1 teaspoon salt, 1 teaspoon sesame oil, too 2 tablespoons white powder, 1 tbsp oyster sauce, 1 tbsp sesame oil, pepper, 1 cup broth, salt 1 / 2 teaspoon, water 1 teaspoon cornstarch, sesame oil 1 / 3 teaspoon, 1 teaspoon flavor-lin
制法过程 System of law
1. 豆腐压干水分，切去四周硬皮，加入调匀之调味料(1)拌搅均匀备用。 1. Tofu dry water pressure, the truncated four-week hardcover, drawing frame by adding the seasonings (1) mixed with back-up uniform.
2. 将作法1过筛。 2. Will be a screening practices.
3. 冬菇置于温水中泡发，去老根、杂质、洗净后与笋同切小丁，加姜末拌匀；入炒锅炒香后，加调味料(2)拌炒出香味即可。 3. Mushrooms in warm water at the bubble made to the old roots and impurities, cleaned and cut bamboo shoots with Xiao-Ding, mix well add ginger; add into the Chao Xiang, plus sauce (2) a scent that Ban Chao Can be. 4. 保鲜膜置于模型上，均匀涂上麻油备用。 4. Film Preservation placed the model, the uniform back-up oil painting.
5. 将作法2之1/2豆腐铺于模型上。 5. Practice will be 2 1 / 2 model in the tofu shop.
6. 续将作法3，铺放于豆腐上，再将作法2剩余之1/2豆腐平铺于上。 6. Continued to practice 3, flies in the tofu, then practice on the 2 remaining 1 / 2 in the flat bean curd.
7. 蛋皮切细丁，于豆腐饼上摆"一品"二字。 7. Percutaneous fine small egg, bean curd cake in place on "goods".
8. 再将胡萝卜切末，撒于豆腐边。 8. Qiemo then carrot, bean curd on the side of Caesar.
9. 入蒸笼中以中火蒸15分钟取出，以烫热之青江菜围盘，并淋上调匀之调味料(3)即可。 9. Steamer into the middle in order to remove the steamer for 15 minutes to the hot green cabbages Wai Pan, and applying Draw Frame of seasonings (3) can be.

Chinese Food>>home recipes>>Mandarin fish ribs

2008-10-11T20:02:00.001-07:00

Cuisine: Shandong cuisine
原料:桂鱼、花香藕、盐、料酒等。 Raw material: mandarin fish, lotus flowers, salt, cooking wine, and so on.
制作过程 Production process
将桂鱼留头、尾，鱼肉剁成泥，加入配料、调料，制成鱼馅。 Mandarin fish will remain head, tail, fish hacked soil by adding ingredients, spices, fish paste made of. 藕切成粗条，拍干淀粉待用。 Lotus root and cut into rough, dry starch stand-by shooting. 鱼头、尾洗净腌入味，拍干粉下入油锅炸成熟色微黄，捞起沥油，放在盆的两头，再将鱼馅包在藕条上，沾上面包糠，入油锅炸熟，色微黄，取出沥油，装盘，带花椒盐蕃茄汁佐食。 Head, tail Ruwei salt wash, dry powder shot into the next pan fried ripe Lunatia color, picked up the oil Lek, on both ends of the basin, and then filling fish wrapped in lotus article, stained with bran bread, into the pan Zhashu, Lunatia color, remove the oil Lek, Zhuangpan, spent with salt and pepper, fresh tomato juice and file.

Chinese Food>>home recipes>>Shandong meatball dish

2008-10-11T20:00:00.000-07:00

Key features of】用料多样，质地疏松软烂，肥而不腻，汤浓味鲜，酸辣咸香俱全。 Variety of materials used, loose texture of soft bad, but not tired of fat, Tangnongweixian, Xianxiang hot and sour taste. 【原料】 Key raw materials】猪肥瘦肉各半250克、香菜100克、淳米50克、鹿角菜50克、白菜。 Pig manure evenly divided in 250 grams of lean meat, parsley 100 grams, 50 grams of m-sun, 50 grams of carrageenan, cabbage. 鸡蛋2个（重约100克）。 2 eggs (weighing about 100 grams). 精盐4克、葱姜末10克、味精0.5克、食醋、芝麻油适量。 Salt 4 grams, 10 grams at the end of Congjiang, 0.5 grams of monosodium glutamate, vinegar, sesame oil amount. 【制作过程】【Production process】将猪瘦肉洗净，剁成茸状，放入碗内，加鸡蛋搅匀，猪肥肉批成厚0.6厘米的片，肉片两面交叉打直刀，再改切成0.6厘米的见方丁，淳米洗尽泥沙，鹿角菜择洗干净，取30克，切成细末。 Pig meat will be washed, dried-like hacked into bowl, add egg Jiao Yun, pig fat into a grant of 0.6 cm thick slices meat on both sides to fight cross-straight knife, then cut to 0.6 cm square of the small, Xi Jin-sun meters of silt, washed Optional carrageenan, taking 30 grams, cut into Ximo. 20克切成3厘米长的段。 20 Keqie into 3 cm long paragraph. 取盛器一个，放入瘦肉茸，葱、姜末、海米末、鹿角菜米、大白菜末、香菜末，加入胡椒粉、味精、精盐，搅拌均匀，制成直径3.3厘米的丸子，平摆在盘内，入笼用旺火蒸约8分钟，至熟取出，放在大碗内，汤锅内放入清汤、精盐，蒸沸，放香菜段旺火烧开后加入味精，倒入大汤碗中，淋上芝麻油，食醋，撒上胡椒面即成。 Take a container into dried meat, onions, ginger, dried shrimps at the end of carrageenan meters at the end of Chinese cabbage, parsley at the end, adding pepper, monosodium glutamate, salt, stirring uniform, made of 3.3 cm in diameter of the ball, ping On the plate, Wang Huo steamed into the cage with about 8 minutes until cooked out on the bowl, with Tang Guo Add broth, salt, steam boiling, put parsley paragraph Wanghuo boil after adding MSG, into large soup Bowl, applying sesame oil, vinegar, pepper sprinkled chunks.

Chinese Food>>home recipes>> Article sweet and sour fish

2008-10-11T19:59:00.000-07:00

Cai Ming】【be sweet and sour fish 【所属菜系】鲁菜【】-Owned Shandong cuisine 【特点】色泽金黄，香味四溢，外酥内嫩，甜醇适口。】【Characteristics of the golden color, fragrance overflowing, crisp outside and tender inside, the sweet taste alcohol. 【原料】 Key raw materials】净鱼肉450克。 450 grams of fish net. 鸡蛋黄25克。 25 grams yellow eggs. 淀粉30克、花生油200克、葱10克、姜10克、酱油10克、清汤100克、白糖65克、醋40克。 30 g starch, 200 grams of peanut oil, 10 g onion, ginger 10 grams, 10 grams of soy sauce, broth 100 grams, 65 grams of sugar, vinegar 40 grams. 【制作过程】【Production process】将鱼肉洗净，切成长4厘米、宽厚均匀1厘米的长条。 Wash the fish, cut growth of 4 cm, uniform generous 1 cm long. 用鸡蛋黄加淀粉调成蛋黄糊，待用，炒锅内放入花生油，中火烧至八成热（约200℃）时，将鱼条沾匀蛋黄糊入油中炸熟，至呈金黄色捞出，沥油。 Wong Ka-starch with egg yolk paste into a tune, stand-by, add peanut oil into inside, to fire in 80 hot (about 200 ℃), the fish will be even dip into the egg yolk paste in the oil Zhashu to golden fish That the oil Lek. 炒锅内留少量油，烧热后用葱、姜末煸炒几下，加入酱油、清汤、白糖烧沸，用湿淀粉勾成浓芡，烹入醋，将炸好的鱼条倒入锅内翻匀盛入盘内即成。 Add a small amount of oil to stay inside, after the Heat with onions, ginger stir fried with a few add soy sauce, broth, boiling of sugar, starch wet Euryale ferox hook into a strong, vinegar into the cooking, deep-fried fish be good into the pot Yun-sheng inverted into the tray mold.

Chinese Food>>home recipes>> You Bao two-brittle

2008-10-11T19:58:00.001-07:00

Zhudu first 20O grams, 150 grams of chicken gizzard, Shaojiu 5 g, 1.4 g salt, 2 g diced green onion, ginger 1 g, 1.5 g Suanmo, 1 gram of monosodium glutamate, Shuzhu You 500 grams (about Consumption of 50 grams), 25 grams wet starch, 50 grams of clear soup. 1、将肚头剥去脂皮、硬筋，洗净，用刀划上网状花刀，放入碗内，加盐、湿淀粉拌和，鸡胗洗净，批去内外筋皮，用刀划上间隔2毫米的十字花刀，放人另一只碗内，加盐、湿淀粉拌和。 1, will be stripped of belly fat first skin, tendons hard, clean, draw a knife blade mesh flower into bowl, salt, wet mixing starch, chicken gizzard washed granted to bars and outside the paper, draw a knife 2 mm intervals on the knife crosswise, and release another bowl, salt, starch wet mixing. 2、另取一只小碗，加清汤、绍酒、味精、精盐、湿淀粉，拌匀成芡汁待用。 2, and the other taking a small bowl, add broth, Shaojiu, monosodium glutamate, salt, starch wet, and mix well Euryale ferox juice into a stand-by. 3、炒锅上旺火，放入猪油，烧至八成热，放入肚头、鸡胗，用筷子迅速划散，倒入漏勺沥油。 3, add the Wanghuo into lard, very badly burned 80 heat into the first belly, chicken gizzard, with chopsticks quickly draw casual, Lek Loushao into oil. 炒锅内留油少许，下葱、姜、蒜末煸出香味，随即倒入鸡胗和肚头，并下芡汁，颠翻两下，即可出锅装盘。 Add a little oil to stay inside, under the onions, ginger and stir Suanmo a scent, then poured into chicken gizzard and the belly first, and under the Euryale ferox juice, the two Dianfan, can Chuguozhuangpan. 特点: 脆嫩滑润，清鲜爽口。 Features: Cuinen smooth, refreshing, refreshing. 关键: 一是必须将鸡胗和猪肚头洗刷干净，去除异味。 The key: The first will be the first Zhudu chicken gizzard and wash clean, odor removal. 二是掌握火候要恰当，要旺火热油爆炒，一般在八成油温时下锅，至鸡胗片由红转白、肚头挺起断生即捞起，吃火过长便老而不脆。 Second, we've got to have the right to hot oil Bao Chao Wang, the general in the oil temperature at 80 hack, chicken gizzard film to turn from red to white, stood belly first off that sheng picked up, the fire is too long to eat it instead of the old brittle . 主料：鸡肫 150克牛肚 200克 Ingredient: 150 grams of chicken gizzard 200 grams of tripe 辅料：黄瓜 20克胡萝卜 20克 Accessories: 20g cucumber 20g carrot 调料：盐 5克味精 2克胡椒 2克醋 2克大蒜 3克淀粉(豌豆) 8克花生油 50克碱 2克各适量 Seasoning: salt, 5 grams of monosodium glutamate 2 g pepper 2 g vinegar 2 grams of garlic 3 grams of starch (peas) 8 g peanut oil 50 grams of the base amount of 2 g 制作工艺 Production Process 1.大蒜去皮切片，淀粉加水适量搅匀成湿淀粉，待用；鸡胗、牛肚除去外皮，剞刀菊花刀型。 1. Peeled garlic slices, increase starch Jiaoyun amount of water into a wet starch, stand-by; chicken gizzard, tripe remove the skin, Ji daisy cutter type knives. 用清水200克放入食用碱化开后放剞刀后的鸡胗和牛肚浸泡30分钟(目的是发脆去腥)，后用清水捞洗数次，黄瓜、胡萝卜洗净改刀为薄片。 Add 200 grams of water used for human consumption alkalization Ji-opened after the knife after the release of tripe and chicken gizzard soak for 30 minutes (the aim of brittle hair Qu Xing), after washing with water fishing several times, cucumber, carrots for clean knife to slice. 2.精盐、味精、胡椒、香醋、鸡汤、葱姜油湿淀粉对制成碗芡。 2. Salt, monosodium glutamate, pepper, vinegar, chicken broth, oil Congjiang wet starch into a bowl of Euryale ferox. 3.炒锅置于旺火上，热锅注入花生油，七成油温时投入滤干水分的鸡胗、牛肚，用手勺搅散后即捞出滤净油。 3. Wanghuo add place, peanut oil into the hot pan, oil temperature 70 hours into the water Lvgan chicken gizzard, tripe, spoon with their hands up after the San remove Oil filter. 4.炒锅中留油20克，下蒜片炒出香味后紧接着下黄瓜、胡萝卜和鸡胗、牛肚，随即烹入对好的碗芡，翻锅均匀，即出锅装盘。 4. Add 20 grams of oil to stay in, under Chao Chu garlic slice of cucumber flavor immediately following the next, carrots and chicken gizzard, tripe, then cooked into a good bowl of Euryale ferox, evenly over the pot, that is, Chuguozhuangpan. 工艺提示 Technology tips 1.牛肚可剞刀为菊花形与鸡肫相同，也剞刀为窗户花或其他花刀以增加形态花色。 1. Ji tripe can be daisy-shaped knife for the chicken gizzard and the same, Ji knife or other flowers for the windows took a knife to increase the color patterns. 2.牛肚、鸡肫用碱水浸泡一定要清洗干净，还可用80度的温水焯一下，但不能过久。 2. Tripe, chicken gizzard using alkaline water must be clean, but also with 80-degree water about Zhuo, but not for too long. 3.牛肚、鸡肫放油锅时，如果水分太多可用干净白布吸净再下。 3. Tripe, chicken gizzard pan put, if too much water can be used to clean white smoke under the net again. 4.牛肚分为百叶、肚仁和肚领。 4. Screen is divided into tripe, diarrhea Ren-collar belly. 本菜若选用牛肚领其味道更佳。 If the selection of tripe dishes get their taste better.

Chinese Food>>home recipes>> Yuan burst Dusi

2008-10-11T19:57:00.001-07:00

Cai Ming Yuan】【burst Dusi 【所属菜系】鲁菜【】-Owned Shandong cuisine 【特点】菜色白绿相间，口味鲜咸微辣。】【Characteristics of the white and green vegetables, mild taste Xianxian. 【原料】 Key raw materials】猪肚 500克，香菜50克，料酒15克，盐3克，姜汁5克，葱，姜，蒜各10克,香油 5克，味精，醋，胡椒粉，碱，清油各适量。 Zhudu 500 grams, 50 grams of parsley, 15 grams of cooking wine, salt, 3 grams, 5 grams ginger, onion, ginger, garlic 10 grams, 5 grams sesame oil, monosodium glutamate, vinegar, pepper, alkali, the amount of Qingyou. 【制作过程】【Production process】（1）将猪肚用碱，醋搓洗，去净白油，及杂质，再用清水洗净，用开水氽后另换水，加入葱段，料酒，姜片，用微火煮熟，捞出晾凉后切成细丝，香菜切段。 (1) Zhudu with alkali, vinegar Cuoxi to Whitening oil and impurities, and then washed with water, boil for a short time after another * Change water, adding Congduan, cooking wine, ginger, cooked Wei Huo, winners Liang Liang, after a cut filaments, coriander segments. 蒜切片。 Garlic slices. （2）锅入油烧热，放葱姜丝，蒜片爆香，加入肚丝翻炒，烹入料酒，加盐，姜汗味精，醋，胡椒粉，香菜翻炒，淋香油即可。 (2) Heat oil in pan, put Congjiang silk, garlic slice Baoxiang, Dusi joined the stir, cooking into the cooking wine, salt, MSG Khan ginger, vinegar, pepper, and stir coriander, sesame oil can be poured. 心得：芫爆：是以芫荽（香菜）为主要配料而得名的。 Experience: Yuan burst: Coriander is (coriander) as the main ingredients and the name. 烹饪方法基本与油爆相同不同的是主料的形状多为片，条，球，卷等，不加酱色，糖色，成菜突出本色，味鲜清雅，有芫菜特有的香味。 You Bao cooking methods with the same basic difference is that the shape of multi-ingredient for films, articles, the ball, such as volume, not Jiangse, colored sugar, vegetables into a prominent color, elegant Wei Xian, Yuan unique flavor dishes.

Chinese Food>>home recipes>> Gentiana kidney

2008-10-11T19:56:00.001-07:00

Cai Ming】【Gentiana kidney 【所属菜系】鲁菜【】-Owned Shandong cuisine 【特点】菜品色泽鲜艳，形似麻花，软嫩鲜美，味香爽口。 Key characteristics of the dishes】 bright color, the shape of cannabis, Ruannen delicious, refreshing Weixiang. 【原料】 Key raw materials】猪腰 250克，熟猪肥膘 175克，鸡蛋 1个，干淀粉 25克，味精 1克，精盐1克，绍酒 25克，熟猪油 500克（约耗75克） Kidney 250 grams, 175 grams Feibiao cooked pig, an egg, 25 grams of dry starch, monosodium glutamate 1 g, 1 g salt, Shaojiu 25 grams, 500 grams Shuzhu You (consumption of about 75 grams) 【制作过程】【Production process】（1）将腰子撕去皮，用刀剖成两片，批去腰臊，片成6厘米长，3厘米宽的薄片16片，将肥膘也片成同样的薄片，将两种片料浸鸡蛋清后，两面蘸上干淀粉，放在盘内待用。 (1) kidney skin torn off, with a knife Poucheng 2, the smell of urine granted to the waist, into a piece 6 cm long and 3 cm wide sheets of 16 will also tablets Feibiao into the same thin, two-chip material Baptist egg, dipped two dry starch on the plate with stand-by. （2）将虾仁斩茸放入碗内，加入味精0.5克，绍酒 5克和盐搅拌均匀，涂在肥膘上，将腰片盖上，用刀在腰片中部顺划三条4厘米长的口子（连肥膘划通），用手捏住一头，从中间长口内反穿过来成麻花形。 (2) will be chopped dried shrimp into bowl, adding 0.5 grams of monosodium glutamate, Shaojiu 5 grams of salt and stir evenly coated in Feibiao, will be covered with waist-chip, chip back with a knife in the middle of the three designated Shun 4 cm long The hole (even Feibiao-designated), and hold a hand from the middle of a long time I come across as anti-cannabis. （3）炒锅上火，放熟猪油，烧至五成热离火，将麻花腰逐个放入过油两分钟，炒锅去油再上火，倒入麻花腰，晃动炒锅，干煎1分钟，将绍酒20克，味精1/2克喷洒在麻花腰上，起锅装盘即可。 (3) add lit and Shuzhu You put that heat from the fire burning 50, cannabis will be back one by one into the oil over two minutes, add oil to re-lit and cannabis into the waist, add rock, dry Fry 1 minute, 20 grams Shaojiu, monosodium glutamate 1 / 2 grams in the spraying of cannabis waist, can Qiguozhuangpan.

Chinese Food>>home recipes>> Fuchun chicken

2008-10-11T19:55:00.001-07:00

Cai Ming】【Fuchun chicken 【所属菜系】江苏菜 Their cuisine 【Jiangsu dishes】【特点】色呈酱红，油光可鉴，鸡蛋酥香，易于消化。 Secheng】【characteristics of the red sauce, a mirror shine, eggs Suxiang, easy to digest. 【原料】 Key raw materials】活仔母鸡一只（重约750克）。 Aberdeen a live hen (weighing about 750 grams). 熟鸡蛋100克、笋片25克、水发香菇15克、鸡肫肝50克。 100 grams of cooked eggs, Sunpian 25 grams, 15 grams of mushrooms and water, 50 grams of chicken gizzard liver. 酱油25克、绍酒35克、白糖15克、葱25克、姜25克、精盐10克、芝麻油25克、花生油1000克（实耗油125克）。 25 grams of soy sauce, Shaojiu 35 grams, 15 grams of sugar, 25 g onion, ginger 25 grams, 10 grams of refined salt, 25 grams of sesame oil, peanut oil 1000 grams (fuel consumption is 125 grams). 【制作过程】【Production process】将鸡洗净，从腋下开口，取出内脏，洗净，连同炖肝一起放入水锅中，煮熟捞出。 Wash the chicken from the opening under the arms, internal organs removed, washed, together with liver stewed together into the water pot, remove cooked. 将锅置火上，舀入花生油，烧至八成热（约200℃）时，将鸡投入炸至金黄色捞出，把鸡蛋放入炸至表面起皱纹，葱炸成金黄色。 To buy pot on the fire, ladle into the peanut oil, 80 percent very badly burned hot (about 200 ℃), put the chicken golden Zhazhi remove the eggs from the surface into Zhazhi wrinkles, deep golden green. 将鸡、肫肝、鸡蛋放入内有竹箅垫底的砂锅内，加入酱油、绍酒、白糖、葱姜，舀入清水淹没鸡身，上旺火烧沸。 Chicken, gizzard liver, eggs, there are bamboo grate into the bottom of the casserole, adding soy sauce, Shaojiu, sugar, Cong Jiang, scoop water flooded into the chicken, the boiling of Wanghuo. 撇去浮沫，压上平盘加盖，移微火焖1小时30分钟离火，去掉竹箅、葱姜，捞出肫肝切片。 Skim foam floating, the pressure on disk-decked shift Braised Weihuo 1 hour 30 minutes away from the fire, remove the grate bamboo, Cong Jiang, gizzard remove liver biopsy. 把香菇、笋片相间地放在鸡身上，放入精盐，再将砂锅上火烧沸，淋芝麻油即成 The mushrooms, white Sunpian to be placed onto the chicken into refined salt, and then lit earthen pot boiling, water mold sesame oil

Chinese Food>>home recipes>> Braised fish head

2008-10-11T19:54:00.001-07:00

Key raw materials】
鱼头红柿子椒、葱、姜盐、鸡精、白糖、烧酒、辣酱 Head red bell pepper, green onions, salt, ginger, chicken, sugar, and shochu, hot pepper
【做法】】【Practice
1、取一容器，将鱼头洗净后放入，加入姜片、葱段、烧酒、盐、鸡精腌制10-20分钟，红柿子椒切成丝备用； 1, take a container to the head after the wash into adding ginger, Congduan, shochu, salt, salted chicken 10-20 minutes, red bell pepper cut into stand-by wire;
2、坐锅点火倒入适量油，待油温七成热时放入鱼头煎成两面微黄后取出，原锅中，放入葱姜煸炒，加入辣酱、鸡精、白糖，倒入适量开水，烧开后再放入鱼头中火炖10-15分钟； 2, firing into the pot to sit amount of oil, oil temperature to be 70 when the heat into both sides of the head Jiancheng Lunatia out after the original pot, stir fried into Cong Jiang, adding hot pepper, chicken, sugar, poured into the Amount of boiling water, boil and then head into Huodun in 10-15 minutes;
3、炖好后先将鱼头取出，汤中加入烧酒、水淀粉勾芡，出锅淋在鱼身上，再撒上葱花、红柿子椒丝即可。 3, well after the first head stewing out, Tang added shochu, water starch starch, and Chu Guo fish in the water and then sprinkled chopped green onion, red bell pepper can be silk.
【特色】 Key features】
鳙鱼- 鳙鱼，亦称花鲢、胖头鱼。 Bighead carp - bighead carp, also known as Hualian, Pantou Yu. 鱼纲，鲤科。 Pisces, Cyprinidae.

Chinese Food>>home recipes>> Tofu casserole

2008-10-11T19:49:00.001-07:00

Materials:
嫩豆腐150克、胡萝卜50克、菜心100克、腐竹、水发粉丝100克 Soft tofu 150 grams, 50 grams of carrots, 100 grams of vegetables heart, yuba, 100 grams of water fans
制作方法： Production method:
豆腐切块焯水后捞出，粉丝、腐竹泡发，胡萝卜切块；砂锅内放粉丝、腐竹、胡萝卜，在放入豆腐，加鸡清汤，调好味后大火烧开，小火煨至入味，淋香油即成。 Tofu cut Zhuo remove water, fans, yuba bubble hair, cut carrots; casserole putting fans, yuba, carrots, bean curd into the Canadian chicken broth, taste good tune after the fire boil, simmer a small fire to Ru Wei, Lin put sesame oil.

Chinese Food>>home recipes>>Several home-style soups recipes

2008-10-11T19:48:00.000-07:00

First, raw rice: rice - 3 tablespoons of salt - a number of laws (1) Wash rice will be used to open blisters. (2) 将淘好的米放入锅中加入三四杯水煮。 (2) Add rice to pot Amoy good by adding three or four cups water. (3) 用文火煮至水减半时将火关掉。 (3) Zhu Zhi slow fire with water will be halved to turn off the fire. (4) 将煮好的米粥过滤只留米断。 (4) of cooked rice gruel filter only to stay off. (5) 将米汤用适量的盐调味。 (5) appropriate amount of rice with seasoning salt.
二、蔬菜米汤 Second, vegetables and rice
原料：大米——2大匙，土豆——1/5个，胡萝卜——1/10个，盐——若干制法(1) 将大米淘净并用水泡好。 Raw materials: rice - 2 tablespoons, potatoes - 1 / 5, --1/10 carrots, salt - a number of laws (1) of rice to Amoy net and a good bubble. (2) 将土豆和胡萝卜切成小块。 (2) potatoes and carrots cut into small pieces. (3) 将大米和切好的蔬菜倒入锅中加适量的水煮。 (3) will cut rice and vegetables into the pot to increase the amount of water. (4) 将煮好的材料过滤一遍，放适量盐调味。 (4) will be cooked again the filter material, the amount of salt seasoning release. (5) 若适当加些牛奶会更好。 (5) plus more appropriate if the milk will be even better.
三、豆腐汤 Third, bean soup
原料：豆腐——1/20块，酱油——若干，肉汤——2大匙制法(1) 将豆腐焯一下之后捣碎。 Raw materials: --1/20 block tofu, soy sauce - a number that broth - 2 tablespoons method (1) will be broken up after about Zhuo tofu. (2) 将捣碎的豆腐和肉汤一起倒入锅中煮。 (2) will be broken up along with the bean broth into the pot and cook. (3) 用少量酱油调味。 (3) with a small amount of seasoning sauce.
四、茄子汤 Fourth, eggplant soup
原料：茄子--1/6个，海带清汤--3大匙制法(1) 将茄子用微波炉烤一下，然后去皮，并捣碎。 Raw materials: Eggplant - 1 / 6, kelp broth - 3 tablespoons method (1) will be grilled eggplant with microwave and then peeled and broken up. (2) 将茄子加入海带清汤煮。 (2) would join eggplant kelp broth boil. 茄子有增强食欲之功效。 Eggplant has enhanced the effectiveness of appetite.
五、蔬菜汤 Five vegetable soup
原料：卷心菜--1/2片，胡萝卜--1/10个，锡兰花--5克，海带清汤--1/2杯，盐--若干制法(1) 将胡萝卜、卷心菜、锡兰花洗净之后切碎，加入海带清汤煮。 Raw materials: cabbage - 1 / 2 carrot --1/10, tin orchid - 5 grams of kelp broth - 1 / 2 cup salt - a number of laws (1) carrots, cabbage, tin orchid Wash after shredding, adding kelp broth boil. (2) 蔬菜煮软后加适量的盐调味。 (2) soft-boiled vegetables after the appropriate amount of seasoning salt. 这款蔬菜汤可治疗婴儿便秘。 The baby vegetable soup can cure constipation.
六、鱼丸汤 Six or fish soup
原料：鱼肉--1/3块，土豆--1/5个，胡萝卜--1/5个，海带清汤--1/4杯，淀粉--1/2小匙，酱油、盐--若干制法(1) 将鱼剖开剔除鱼刺，鱼肉切碎与淀粉、盐和在一起搅拌。 Raw materials: fish - 1 / 3, potatoes - 1 / 5, carrots - 1 / 5, kelp broth - 1 / 4 cup starch - 1 / 2 tsp, soy sauce, salt - a number of Method (1) of the fish will be cut open to remove Fishbone, chopped meat and starch, salt and stir together. (2) 将和好的鱼肉淀粉制成鱼丸。 (2) would be a good fish and fish balls made from starch. 将土豆、胡萝卜切成碎块，加海带清汤煮。 Will potatoes, carrots and cut into pieces, with sea broth boil. (3) 将蔬菜煮烂后，再放入鱼丸同煮。 (3) Zhu Lan vegetables, fish again Tong Zhu Add.
七、番茄鸡蛋汤 Seven eggs tomato soup
原料：番茄--1/6个，洋葱--1/10个，鸡蛋--1/5个，海带清汤--2大匙，盐、白糖、酱油--若干制法(1) 将番茄去皮去瓤后切成小块。 Raw materials: Tomato - 1 / 6, --1/10 onion, egg - 1 / 5, kelp broth - 2 tablespoons salt, sugar, soy sauce - a number of laws (1) to tomato Paper pulp to later cut into small pieces. (2) 将洋葱切碎，放入海带清汤、白糖、酱油、盐同煮。 (2) will be chopped onion, Add kelp broth, sugar, soy sauce, salt Tong Zhu. (3) 洋葱煮烂后加入番茄。 (3) after Zhu Lan onion tomato. (4) 把鸡蛋搅匀倒在煮沸的锅里。 (4) the eggs and pour it into the boiling Jiaoyun the pot.
八、萝卜胡萝卜汤 Eight, carrot and radish soup
原料：胡萝卜--1/6个，萝卜--20克，海带清汤--3大匙，酱油--若干制法(1) 将萝卜和胡萝卜切成小丁，加入海带清汤煮。 Raw materials: carrots - 1 / 6, radish - 20 grams of kelp broth - 3 tablespoons soy sauce - a number of laws (1) radish and carrots cut into Xiao-Ding, adding kelp broth boil. (2) 煮熟之后用酱油调味。 (2) after cooking with soy sauce seasoning.
九、苹果汤 Nine Apple Soup
原料：苹果--1/6个，白糖--若干制法(1) 苹果去皮切成小块，加班费杯水煮制。 Raw materials: Apple - 1 / 6, white sugar - a number of laws (1) to Apple's skin into small pieces and boiled-overtime Cup. (2) 煮熟后加适量的白糖调味。 (2) after the appropriate amount of cooked sugar flavor.
十、空心粉番茄汤 10, hollow tomato soup powder
原料：番茄--1/2个，空心粉--1大匙，干酪--1/2小匙，鸡精--1小匙制法(1) 交过分心粉煮熟之后切成5mm长。 Raw materials: Tomato - 1 / 2, hollow powder - 1 tbsp, cheese - 1 / 2 tsp, chicken essence - 1 tsp-law (1) pay too much heart powder after cooking and cut into 5mm long . (2) 将番茄去皮去瓤之后榨成汁。 (2) to be peeled tomato pulp after pressing into juice. (3) 将鸡精用不着/4杯水调匀。 (3) will not need Chicken / 4 cup water Draw Frame. (4) 将空心粉、番茄汁、鸡精放入锅中同煮。 (4) hollow powder, tomato juice, chicken pot into Tong Zhu. (5) 煮沸之后撒上干酪粉。 (5) after boiling cheese sprinkled powder.
十一、豆腐酱汤 11, butter bean soup
原料：豆腐--1/5块，海带清汤--1/4杯，大酱、大葱--若干制法(1) 将豆腐切成小块，大葱切碎。 Raw materials: bean curd - 1 / 5, kelp broth - 1 / 4 cup, soybean paste, green onions - a number of laws (1) to tofu cut into small pieces and chopped green onions. (2) 将豆腐、海带清汤倒入锅中，加入大酱煮，最后加上葱花。 (2) to tofu, seaweed broth into the pot, adding boiling soybean paste, chopped green onion to add the final.
十二、米团汤 12, rice soup Mission
原料：面粉--2大匙，米饭--1/4碗，胡萝卜--1/10个，柿子椒--1/5个，盐--若干制法(1) 将米饭和面粉和在一起，揉成米团儿。 Raw materials: wheat flour - 2 tablespoons rice - 1 / 4 bowl --1/10 carrot, bell pepper - 1 / 5, salt - a number of laws (1) and rice and flour together, Mission children Roucheng meters. (2) 将胡萝卜和柿子椒切成小碎块儿。 (2) carrot and bell pepper cut into small fragments of children. (3) 清汤放入蔬菜同煮，煮熟后加入米团儿煮沸。 (3) Add broth Tongzhu vegetables, cooked rice joined the group after the children boil.

Chinese Food>>home recipes>> Stewed grass carp

2008-10-11T19:47:00.001-07:00

Stewed grass carp in the production of materials: 主料：草鱼 Ingredient: grass carp 辅料：猪里脊,香菇 Accessories: pig loin, mushrooms 调料：葱、姜、蒜、盐、糖、料酒、胡椒粉、生抽、水淀粉、鸡精、香油、食用油 Condiments: onions, ginger, garlic, salt, sugar, cooking wine, pepper, soy sauce, water, starch, chicken, sesame oil, edible oil
红烧草鱼的特色： The stewed grass carp: 色鲜味浓。 Fresh rich color.
红烧草鱼的做法： Stewed grass carp practice:
制作方法 Production Method
1． 1. 将草鱼去内脏清洗干净，在鱼的身上切成“#”字，涂上盐稍腌制一会儿，葱、姜、蒜洗净切成末，香菇洗净切成丝，猪里脊切成丝； Grass carp will be to clean offal, fish in the body into the "#", painted with a little salt cured for a while, onion, ginger and garlic into the end of the wash, wash mushrooms Cut wire, wire cut into pig loin;
2． 2. 坐锅点火放入大量油，油至六成热时，将整条鱼放入锅中炸至两面金黄色捞出沥干油； Add a large number of pot to sit ignition oil, heat the oil to 60 percent, to the whole fish into pot Zhazhi golden on both sides remove Drain oil;
3． 3. 锅内留余油，倒入葱末、姜末、蒜末、香菇丝、肉丝翻炒，加入盐、鸡精、糖、草鱼、生抽、料酒、胡椒粉、香油，稍焖一会儿，勾薄芡出锅即可。 Pot to stay more than oil, into the diced green onion, ginger, Suanmo, silk mushrooms, pork stir, adding salt, chicken, sugar, grass carp, soy sauce, cooking wine, pepper, sesame oil, and stew a little while, the Application List Euryale ferox Chuguo to thin.

Chinese Food>>home recipes>> Hot and sour Jiza

2008-10-11T19:46:00.001-07:00

Hot and sour Jiza of materials: 主料：鸡杂 Ingredient: Jiza 调料：盐，香菜或者葱粒，植物油，大蒜，姜丝，酸辣椒，少量白酒，生醋 Seasoning: salt, parsley or onions grain, vegetable oil, garlic, ginger, chili acid, a small amount of white wine, vinegar Health
酸辣鸡杂的做法： Hot and sour Jiza practice:
做法： Practice:
1：用盘装些酸辣椒待用。 1: disc loaded with more acid chili stand-by.
2：鸡肾洗净切片，待用。 2: Wash the chicken kidney biopsy, the stand-by.
3：待锅里水分烧干，放鸡肾煸炒至水干，装盘备用。 3: to be Shaogan pot of water, put the chicken stir Chaozhi kidney shortage of money, Zhuangpan back-up.
4：将炒锅洗净烧干水分，放入植物油，放入大蒜、姜丝、炒香，再放入鸡肾，炒到有香味时放几滴白酒，去腥味的，放入生醋，之后放入一些孜然，（也可不放，看个人口味),之后将切好的酸辣椒放入锅里一起翻炒，放盐，香菜或者葱粒，起锅咯！ 4: Wash Shaogan will add moisture into vegetable oil, Add garlic, ginger, Chao Xiang, and then Add chicken kidneys, Chaodao have put a few drops of white wine aroma when to the smell, Health Add vinegar , Followed by a number of Add cumin, (can also go to see personal taste), followed by acid will be cut pepper into the pot stir together, salt, parsley or onions tablets, Qi Guo 1, 10! 这道菜特别下饭！ Xiafan special dish! 我们家是百吃不厌！ Our family is not object to eat a hundred!

Chinese Food>>home recipes>> Chenpi ribs

2008-10-11T19:45:00.001-07:00

Chenpi ribs of materials: 主料：猪排骨(大排)500克 Ingredient: pig ribs (a large) 500 grams 辅料：陈皮20克 Accessories: 20 grams Chenpi 调料：襄荷3克,小葱25克,冰糖15克,辣椒(红、尖、干)5克,花椒2克,辣椒油45克,料酒30克,盐3克,味精2克 Seasoning: Dutch Xiang 3 grams, 25 grams Xiao Cong, 15 grams of crystal sugar, pepper (red, sharp, dry) 5 g, 2 g pepper, chili oil 45 grams, 30 grams cooking wine, 3 grams of salt, monosodium glutamate 2 g
陈皮排骨的做法： Chenpi ribs practice:
1. 陈皮洗净后用开水泡发； 1. Chenpi washed after using open blisters fat; 2. 葱、干辣椒均切段； 2. Onions, dried chili all segments; 3. 姜切片； 3. Ginger slices; 4. 排骨用热水反复洗几遍，沥干水分盛碗中； 4. Spareribs repeated washing with hot water several times, Sheng Drain the water bowl; 5. 加入一半葱段，一半姜片、盐、料酒，拌匀后腌二十分钟以上； 5. Congduan adding half and half ginger, salt, cooking wine, salt mix well after more than 20 minutes; 6. 将泡发开的陈皮丝捞出挤干待用； 6. Bubble will be made to open the stand-by Chen Ji Gan remove Pisi; 7. 泡陈皮的水待用； 7. Chenpi bubble of the stand-by water; 8. 锅中放少量油，下糖炒糖色，炒好后盛出待用； 8. Pot put a small amount of oil, sugar speculation under the color of sugar, fried good after a stand-by Sheng; 9. 锅洗净置火上，放油烧至七成热，将排骨里的姜、葱择出不要； 9. Wash the pot home on fire, 70 hot oil very badly to the ribs, ginger, green onions that do not optional; 10. 沥干腌汁下锅爆干水分； 10. Drain pickle juice burst hack-dry water; 11. 将排骨捞出； 11. Would remove ribs; 12. 锅中留底油，下剩下的一半葱段、姜片爆出香味； 12. Diyou pot to stay, the remaining half of next Congduan, burst out of a ginger flavor; 13. 再下辣椒段、花椒、陈皮丝稍炒； 13. Again under the hot pepper, pepper, a little speculation Chen Pisi; 14. 加入约一斤水、泡陈皮的水； 14. Adding about a pound of water, foam Chenpi water; 15. 烧沸后下排骨、糖色、盐，再沸后加盖改中火烧约四十分钟； 15. After boiling under the ribs, colored sugar, salt, and then affixed to boil after the fire in about 40 minutes; 16. 下红油后改大火收干汤汁； 16. Under the oil fires after the close dry soup; 17. 放味精翻匀后即可装盘上桌。 17. Monosodium glutamate release even after you turn the table Zhuangpan.
食物相克 Grams of food with
陈皮：陈皮不宜与半夏、南星同用；不宜与温热香燥药同用。 Chenpi: Chenpi not Pinellia and Southern Star to use the same; should not be warm and dry incense with drug use.

Chinese Food>>home recipes>>Bitter melon stuffed meat

2008-10-11T19:44:00.001-07:00

Stuff
鲜苦瓜750克，去皮猪肉300克，金钩虾、酱油各15克，水发香菇、面粉各25克，鸡蛋1个，湿淀粉100克，蒜瓣50克，胡椒粉、味精各1克，精盐、香油各2克，熟猪油1000克。 750 grams of fresh balsam pear, peeled and 300 grams of pork, shrimp Jingou, the 15 grams of soy sauce, water mushrooms, 25 grams each of flour, eggs and a wet starch 100 grams, 50 grams Suanban, pepper, 1 g of the monosodium glutamate , Refined salt, the sesame oil 2 g, 1000 g Shuzhu You.
制作过程 Production process
1、苦瓜切4厘米段去瓤，冷水煮熟去苦味后攥干水； 1, bitter gourd cut flesh to paragraph 4 cm, the bitter cold water to cook after grasping the dry water; 2、猪肉剁成，香菇、虾切碎放入碗中，加鸡蛋、面粉、精盐调匀成馅，塞入苦瓜段，用湿淀粉50克封两端；（香菇要预先泡好，馅料最好能用绞肉机绞出，否则剁馅应该要下足功夫，要剁得比较烂，和馅手法一般用拌、跶相结合，多拌，要令馅充分起胶才酿，这样出来的口感才爽） 2, hacked pork, mushrooms, chopped shrimp into a bowl, add eggs, flour, salt into a drawing frame filling, into bitter gourd, with 50 grams of starch wet sealed at both ends; (mushrooms to soak in advance, fillings The best meat grinder can be twisted out, or stuffing should be cut under full martial arts, it is necessary to cut a bad comparison, the stuffing and mix with the general approach, combining tap, mixing, stuffing to make stuffed full effect only plastic, so come out The only taste Shuang) 3、熟猪油（花生油也行）烧至六成热（约180度），放蒜瓣炸一下捞出，苦瓜入锅，待苦瓜表面炸至淡黄色捞出，竖放碗内，撤上蒜瓣，加酱油入笼蒸熟； 3, Shuzhu You (peanut oil firms also) very badly burned 60 percent of heat (about 180 degrees), deep-fried Suanban let you remove, Ruguo bitter gourd, bitter gourd to be yellow Zha Zhi remove the surface, the bowl Shufang, the withdrawal Suanban Add soy sauce steamed into the cage; 4、熟猪油50克烧至六成熟，下料头（一般来说，凉瓜的料头最好配上豆豉）将蒸苦瓜的原汁入锅中烧开，加味精适量、湿淀粉25克勾芡，苦瓜翻扣盘中浇汁，撤胡椒粉，淋香油即可。 4, 50 grams Shuzhu You mature very badly six, cutting the first (In general, the Lianggua expected to head with the best lobster sauce) steamed to the bitter gourd juice in Ruguo boil, add amount of monosodium glutamate, starch wet 25 Grams of starch and water after deduction turned bitter gourd juice, pepper withdrawal, sesame oil can be poured.
特色 Characteristics
四川风味菜，成菜整齐，瓜翠肉红，微带苦味，有清心明目之效.。 Sichuan-style dishes, vegetables into neat, red meat de Jade, microstrip bitter, heart eyesight of work..
健康提示 Health Tips
明《滇南本草》对苦瓜内在功用有详细记载：“味苦，性寒。入心脾肺三经。除邪热，解劳乏，清心明目，泻六经实火，清暑益气，止烦渴”。 That "in South Yunnan Materia Medica" bitter gourd there inherent function of the well documented: "bitter, cold. Pifei into the heart through three. Chuxie heat, Laofa solution, the heart eyesight, spilled by six real fire, Qing Shu Qi , The only polydipsia. "
历史文化 History and Culture
1. 中国菜索有“春多酸、夏多苦、秋多辛、冬多咸”之说。 1. Chinese dishes have Faso "Spring acid, the more bitter summer, autumn and multi-Xin, and more salt in winter," said. 夏菜之苦，主要为苦瓜。 Summer vegetables suffered mainly bitter gourd. 苦瓜又名“锦荔枝”属葫芦科。 Also known as bitter gourd, "Kam Lai Chi" is a Cucurbitaceae. 湖南人民喜食苦瓜，而苦瓜酿肉这道菜，则称得上其中的上品； Hunan people like eating bitter gourd, bitter gourd and stuffed meat dish, called the superior; 2. 此菜是夏季佳肴。 2. Cicai summer dishes.

Chinese Food>>home recipes>> Bean carp

2008-10-11T19:42:00.001-07:00

Cai Ming】【Mesona carp
【所属菜系】川菜【】-Owned Sichuan cuisine
【特点】色红亮，味麻辣，香味浓，鱼细嫩，造型质朴。 Key features of color】 Hong-Liang, spicy flavor, thick aroma, delicate fish, rustic style. 有浓郁的四川乡土气息。 There is a strong local flavor of Sichuan.
【原料】鲜活鲫鱼一条（约750克）。】【Raw materials of a live carp (about 750 grams). 白凉粉250克。 White Bean 250 grams. 料酒15克、猪网油200克、盐5克、红油15克、豆鼓10克、蒜泥5克、芽菜末10克、葱花5克、花椒油5克。 15 grams of cooking wine, pig oil net 200 grams, 5 grams of salt, 15 grams of oil, 10 grams Dougu, 5 g garlic, bean sprouts and at the end of 10 grams, 5 grams chopped green onion, pepper 5 grams of oil.
【制作过程】 ①将净鲫鱼两面各剞3刀，抹上料酒、精盐。【】 ① the production process will net the two sides of carp Ji 3 knives, add cooking wine, salt. 取碗一只，鱼用网油包好放入碗中，加葱、姜、花椒上笼蒸15分钟至熟。 Get a bowl, fish net oil into a good bowl, add onions, ginger, pepper and cooked to Shanglong Zheng 15 minutes.
②葱切花，芽菜、芹菜切细、大蒜、豆豉捣茸，同盛入碗中，辣椒油、花椒油、味精、芝麻油对成味汁。 ② Cut green onions, bean sprouts and cut small celery, garlic and dried Douchi trace, with Sheng into the bowl, chili oil, pepper oil, monosodium glutamate, sesame oil into a pair of Weizhi.
③凉粉切成3厘米见方的丁，同清水一起下锅煮沸捞出滤干，倒入味汁内调匀。 ③ jelly into 3 cm square small, together with the water to boil remove Lvgan hack, into the drawing frame within Weizhi.
④将蒸好的鱼取出，揭出网油，摆入盘中，把拌好的凉粉连同味汁倒在鱼上，撒上香菜即成。 ④ good steamed fish will be removed, revealing the oil network, put trading income, along with Bean's Ban Hao Wei Zhi fell to the fish, parsley sprinkled chunks.

Chinese Food>>home recipes>> Chestnut pork

2008-10-11T19:41:00.001-07:00

And the effectiveness of cuisine: Cantonese cuisine recipes make up two-blood Buxuyangshen recipes waist Zhuang Effects of Jianshen malnutrition recipes recipe 工艺：焖 Technology: Braised
栗子猪肉的制作材料： Chestnut pork production materials: 主料：栗子（鲜）300克,猪肉(肥瘦)400克 Ingredient: chestnut (fresh) 300 grams of pork (Feishou) 400 grams 调料：大蒜（白皮）10克,姜5克,白砂糖15克,大葱25克,黄酒30克,生抽30克,老抽30克 Spices: garlic (White) 10 grams of ginger 5 grams, 15 grams of sugar, green onions 25 grams, 30 grams of rice wine, soy sauce 30 grams, 30 grams Laochou
栗子猪肉的做法： The practice of pork chestnut:
1. 将猪肉洗净放水中煮15分钟，切块； 1. Pork will be washed in boiling water for 15 minutes, cut; 2. 将炒锅烧热，放入油4汤匙，下栗子、猪肉爆炒片刻； 2. Heat will add, Add 4 tablespoons oil, under the chestnut and pork short Bao Chao; 3. 将炒锅烧热放入猪油、蒜、姜，爆香，放入栗子、猪肉，烹入酒，生抽、老抽、水300克，用火?约40分钟，放入糖兜匀，再?片刻，放入葱段，装盘即可。 3. Add Heat to add lard, garlic, ginger, Baoxiang, Add chestnuts, pork, into the cooking wine, soy sauce, Lao Chou, 300 grams of water, use of fire? About 40 minutes, Add sugar Uniform pocket, then? A minute into Congduan, can Zhuangpan.

Chinese Food>>home recipes>> Steamed pork ribs plum

2008-10-11T19:39:00.001-07:00

And the effectiveness of cuisine: Guangdong 工艺：清蒸 Technology: steamed
梅子蒸排骨的制作材料： Steamed pork ribs plum production materials: 主料：猪排骨(大排)300克 Ingredient: pig ribs (a large) 300 grams 辅料：梅子15克,淀粉(蚕豆)20克 Accessories: 15 grams of plum, starch (broad beans) 20 g 调料：老抽15克,豆瓣酱10克,白砂糖15克,味精2克,香油10克,大蒜（白皮）5克,花生油20克 Seasoning: Laochou 15 grams, 10 grams of bean paste, 15 grams of sugar, MSG 2 grams, 10 grams of sesame oil, garlic (White) 5 grams, 20 grams of peanut oil
梅子蒸排骨的做法： Steamed pork ribs plum practice:
1. 将排骨斩成10克重的块，洗干净，控去水分； 1. Zhancheng ribs will be 10 grams heavier pieces, washed, to control water; 2. 把以上味料与排骨拌匀，摊放盘中； 2. To taste more than expected to mix well with the ribs, after Tan Fang; 3. 再浇适量花生油，用中火蒸约10分钟至熟，取出便成。 3. And then pouring amount of peanut oil, used in the steamer for about 10 minutes to cooked, remove it Cheng.
梅子蒸排骨的制作要诀： Steamed pork ribs plum production tips: 若喜食软烂排骨，可适当延长蒸制时间。 If the preferred soft broken ribs, can be appropriate to extend the time Zheng Zhi.

Chinese Food>>home recipes>>Sweet and sour eggplant

2008-10-11T19:38:00.001-07:00

The production of sweet and sour eggplant: 主料：茄子两个 Ingredient: two eggplant 调料：大葱（切长条）,蒜,辣椒,盐,糖,醋,酱油。 Condiments: onions (cut long), garlic, pepper, salt, sugar, vinegar, soy sauce.
糖醋茄子的特色： The sweet and sour eggplant: 色泽红润，酸甜可口。 Ruddy color, sweet and sour.
糖醋茄子的做法： Sweet and sour eggplant practice: 制作方法： Production method: 1，把茄子切成片状，待油热后放入（茄子吸油，放油时要比平时炒菜稍多些）。 1, eggplant and cut into the sheet, heat oil until after the Add (eggplant oil, the oil should be slightly more than usual cooking).
2，茄子炒至半熟，把葱，蒜，辣椒放入锅中一起炒。 2, semi-Chaozhi eggplant, onions, garlic, pepper pot together into speculation.
3，加少许盐（很少），醋（根据个人口味添加），酱油（主要用于茄子变色）再炒。 3, plus a little salt (very few), vinegar (add according to personal taste), soy sauce (for eggplant color) Zaichao.
4，待茄子炒熟，快出锅时放入两勺糖，翻炒两下，盛盘即可。 4, Chao Shu eggplant to be faster when Chu Guo Liang Shao Add sugar, stir the two, the disc can be sung.

Chinese Food>>home recipes>> Soy-braised chicken wings

2008-10-11T19:37:00.001-07:00

Soy-braised chicken wings of production materials: 主料：鸡翅一袋（翅中最好,如果是用全翅,要把翅根,翅中,翅尖分开）。 Ingredient: a bag of chicken wings (the best in the wings if the wing is full, it is necessary to root wing, fin, Chi Jian separately). 鸡翅用水焯一下。 Zhuo like water wings. 调料：姜片、葱片、干辣椒、花椒、八角。 Spices: ginger, onion slices dry chili, pepper, anise. 还可以加蒜。 Can also add garlic. 红烧鸡翅的做法： Soy-braised chicken wings practice: 1、放油入锅，8成热时向油锅内放入一两勺白糖，炒到白糖融化-起泡-泡沫消退-白糖变成金黄色时，放入洗干净的鸡翅。 1, oil Ruguo, 8 into a hot pan to within a Liangshao Add sugar, white sugar melted Chaodao - bubble - a bubble dissipated - into a golden brown sugar, washed into the wings. 中火翻炒，直到每块鸡翅变成漂亮的金黄色…… （这就是传说中的炒糖色了） Stir in the fire, until each chicken wing into a beautiful golden ... ... (This is the legend of the fried candy color) 2、放入一些热水，（千万不要放凉水，因为已经受热的肉块突然受冷，肉皮会收缩，不容易熟也不容易入味）。 2, into some hot water (not cold water released because of the heat has affected all of a sudden cold meat, pork skin to contract, it is not easy it is not easy Ruwei cooked). 水量到淹没鸡翅就行。 Water flooded into line on the wings. 3、放入调料和葱片、一小勺酱油、一勺盐。 3, onions and spices into films, a tsp soy sauce, a spoonful of salt. （不用放太多的酱油，因为炒的糖色已经足够了，而且酱油太多会盖住鸡翅本身的香味） (Do not put too much soy sauce, fried because of the color has enough sugar, soy sauce and too many chicken wings will cover their own scent) 4、用中火把鸡翅炖烂，汤汁变少时改大火把汁收浓，以不干锅为准。 4, with a torch in Dunlan chicken wings, soup fewer changes to the fire concentrated juice close to Ganguo not prevail. 5、收浓汤，然后出锅、装盘、上桌！ 5, to close soup, and Chu Guo, Zhuangpan, on the table!

Chinese Food>>home recipes>> Peanut boil ribs

2008-10-11T19:35:00.000-07:00

Peanut ribs burning of materials: 主料：花生随量,你喜欢吃多少自己定；排骨分量也是的,还有就是葱一根就OK了。 Ingredient: peanuts with, how much do you like to eat their own set; is also a component of the ribs, there is an onion on the OK. 先把葱洗干净切成段放好备用；然后排骨也切好调好味先放在一旁腌一下。 First washed and cut onions in place standby paragraphs; ribs and then also cut a fine tune before we put them in good taste like salt. 调味料有豉油,油,生粉,盐和白砂糖。 Soy sauce there, oil, raw powder, salt and sugar. 花生排骨煲的做法： Peanut boil ribs practice: 1、花生洗好加入水用瓦煲煮“淋”，可在水中放少许盐同煮。 1, peanut good wash adding boiling water Wabao "rain" can put a little salt in the water Tong Zhu. 2、花生煮多久的时间由你定，如果你觉得够“淋”就可以做下面的步骤了，如果还不行就再加水继续煮多一会。 2, boiled peanuts long period of time set by you, if you feel that enough "rain" can do the following steps, if not enough water to cook together on a little longer. 两边炉头可以同时进行~ At the same time on both sides of the flats can be carried out ~ 3、一定要烧热了锅才下油，热锅冷油才不容易粘锅。 3, must be under the pot of hot oil, cold-hot pan until the oil is not easy to stick pan. 因为排骨里有生粉容易粘锅。 Because the ribs in their remaining powder easily stick pan. 4、开慢火把排骨放进锅里煎焗，先把一边煎成金黄，再翻一下煎另一面。 4, to open the back ribs baked into the fry pan, put one side Jiancheng golden, about Zaifan fry the other side. 5、煎好了，把排骨放过隔壁的沙锅里去~ 5, Jian Hao, ribs to let go next door to the casserole 6、开点生粉水打个薄欠，让汁收干一点，味道也会好点。 6, the point of Health powder water due to make a thin, dry land so that juice that will taste better. 7、但是要时不时翻一下底搅动一下，不然容易粘锅。 7, but from time to time to look over at the end of what stirred, not easy to stick pan. 8、最后放上葱段，成功！ 8, the last place Congduan success!

Chinese Food>>home recipes>> Mushrooms and green vegetables

2008-10-11T19:33:00.000-07:00

And the effectiveness of cuisine: Min Cai private home cooking recipes 工艺：炒 Technology: speculation 香菇青菜的制作材料： Mushroom and vegetable production: 主料：青菜,鲜香菇,木耳调料：生姜,盐 Ingredient: vegetables, fresh mushrooms, fungus spices: ginger, salt 香菇青菜的做法： Mushrooms and green vegetables practice: 1 油锅热后，先放生姜丝翻炒出香味，接着放木耳香菇翻炒。 1 hot pan, first released back to the smell of ginger stir, then let fungus mushrooms stir. 紧接着放青菜的根的部分翻炒。 Then put some of the root vegetable stir. 2 放盐调味，看看根的颜色有点透明了，就可以放青菜的叶子的部分了。 2, seasoning salt, take a look at the root of a little transparent color, green vegetables will be able to put some of the leaves. 3 叶子放入后，稍微翻炒几下就可以起锅装盘了。 3 Add the leaves, a little stir a few can be a Qiguozhuangpan.

Chinese Food>>home recipes>>Longan sweet white burn

2008-10-11T19:30:00.000-07:00

【原料】 Key raw materials】猪肥膘肉500克。 Feibiao 500 grams of pig meat. 红枣75克、洗沙50克、糯米100克。 Jujube 75 grams, 50 grams of washed sand, 100 grams of rice. 红糖15克、猪油10克、白糖20克、水豆粉10克。 15 grams of brown sugar, lard 10 grams, 20 grams of sugar, water, 10 g soybean meal. 【制作过程】【Production process】红枣在炭火上将皮烧得微微带焦，用清水浸泡20分钟，去掉皮核，卷上洗沙。 Red dates in the charcoal fire will be burned skin with a little coke, soaking water for 20 minutes, remove the nuclear skin, wash the sand volume. 猪肥膘肉煮熟，捞起晾冷，切成长约7厘米、宽2厘米、厚0.3厘米的片，每片裹上一个枣卷，成圆筒，立放于蒸碗中。 Feibiao cooked pig meat, picked up the cold air, cut into 7 cm long, 2 cm wide, 0.3 cm thick of the films, each volume Guoshang a date, into cylinders, put legislation in the steaming bowl. 糯米经淘洗浸泡后，上笼蒸肥，取出加红糖、猪油拌匀，装入放有肉卷的蒸碗中作底，上笼蒸火巴（约半小时）。 After washing soaked glutinous rice, fertilizer Shanglong Zheng, plus out brown sugar, mix well lard, Roujuan have put into the bowl to make steam at the end of the Palestinian fire Shanglong Zheng (about half an hour). 炒锅内放白糖、清水少许，勾芡成水晶滋汁，取出蒸好的烧白，翻扣于圆盘中，淋上滋汁即成。 Putting add sugar, a little water, starch into a crystal mayonnaise sauce, steamed out good burn white, double deduction on the disc, applying mayonnaise sauce mold.

Chinese Food>>home recipes>>Fermented fish

2008-10-11T19:23:00.000-07:00

Ingredient: 900 g herring
调料：黄酒5克豆豉50克盐4克小葱5克酱油25克姜5克白砂糖20克 Seasoning: 5 grams of rice wine fermented 50 grams of salt, 4 g Xiaocong 5 grams of soy sauce 25 grams ginger 5 grams sugar 20 grams
辣椒(红、尖、干) 4克味精4克香油25克花生油70克各适量 Pepper (red, sharp, dry) 4 g MSG 4 g sesame oil and peanut oil 25 grams the amount of 70 grams
制作工艺 Production Process
1. 将青鱼宰杀治净，片取净鱼肉剁成4 厘米长、3 厘米宽的鱼块，放入钵内； 1. Herring will slaughter rule net, fish net take-chip hacked 4 cm long and 3 cm wide fish into bowl with;
2. 鱼肉内加入精盐、黄酒、葱段、姜片一起拌匀，腌制2 小时入味； 2. Addition of salt fish, rice wine, Congduan, mix together ginger, preserved Ruwei 2 hours;
3. 干豆豉放入碗内加入温水，泡约半小时，拣去杂质洗净； 3. Accession to the dry warm lobster sauce into bowl, soak about half an hour, and wash impurities sorting out;
4. 洗净的豆豉放上干辣椒粒，入笼以旺火蒸1 小时取出待用； 4. Wash the dried chili placed on the fermented grains, Wang Huo steamed into the cage to remove the 1 hour stand-by;
5. 炒锅置旺火上，下入花生油烧至七、八成热时，投入腌制好的鱼块炸至金黄色捞出沥油； 5. Wanghuo home add, very badly burned peanut oil into the next seven or 80 per cent of heat, into a good pickled fish Zhazhi golden Lek remove oil;
6. 将葱段、姜片入锅中稍煸，投入鱼块，加鸡汤200毫升、白糖、精盐和豆豉一起烧； 6. Congduan will, Ruguo ginger in a little stir into fish, chicken soup plus 200 ml, sugar, salt and burned along with lobster sauce;
7. 等烧沸后，改用小火至鱼块软糯，汁浓时加入味精，香醋、淋上香油起锅装盘即成。 7. The boiling, and so on, to low heat until fish Ruannuo, Zhinong when monosodium glutamate, vinegar, sesame oil applying Qiguozhuangpan mold.
豆豉鱼的热量和减肥功效 Fermented fish and heat obesity
热量：2166.80 大卡（参考制作原料重量计算热量） Calories: 2166.80 calories (refer to the production of raw materials weight of the heat)
减肥功效：减肥功效待补充 Anti-obesity: obesity to be added
工艺：干烧 Technology: dry
口味：豆豉味 Taste: taste lobster sauce
类别：湖北菜水肿调理肝炎调理肾炎调理脚气调理 Category: Conditioning Hubei food edema hepatitis nephritis conditioning conditioning conditioning beriberi
主料：青鱼900克 Ingredient: 900 g herring
调料：黄酒5克豆豉50克盐4克小葱5克酱油25克姜5克白砂糖20克辣椒(红、尖、干) 4克味精4克香油25克花生油70克各适量 Seasoning: 5 grams of rice wine fermented 50 grams of salt, 4 g Xiaocong 5 grams of soy sauce 25 grams ginger 5 grams sugar 20 grams pepper (red, sharp, dry) 4 g MSG 4 g sesame oil and peanut oil 25 grams the amount of 70 grams
食物做法： Food practices:
1. 将青鱼宰杀治净，片取净鱼肉剁成4 厘米长、3 厘米宽的鱼块，放入钵内； 1. Herring will slaughter rule net, fish net take-chip hacked 4 cm long and 3 cm wide fish into bowl with;
2. 鱼肉内加入精盐、黄酒、葱段、姜片一起拌匀，腌制2 小时入味； 2. Addition of salt fish, rice wine, Congduan, mix together ginger, preserved Ruwei 2 hours;
3. 干豆豉放入碗内加入温水，泡约半小时，拣去杂质洗净； 3. Accession to the dry warm lobster sauce into bowl, soak about half an hour, and wash impurities sorting out;
4. 洗净的豆豉放上干辣椒粒，入笼以旺火蒸1 小时取出待用； 4. Wash the dried chili placed on the fermented grains, Wang Huo steamed into the cage to remove the 1 hour stand-by;
5. 炒锅置旺火上，下入花生油烧至七、八成热时，投入腌制好的鱼块炸至金黄色捞出沥油； 5. Wanghuo home add, very badly burned peanut oil into the next seven or 80 per cent of heat, into a good pickled fish Zhazhi golden Lek remove oil;
6. 将葱段、姜片入锅中稍煸，投入鱼块，加鸡汤200毫升、白糖、精盐和豆豉一起烧； 6. Congduan will, Ruguo ginger in a little stir into fish, chicken soup plus 200 ml, sugar, salt and burned along with lobster sauce;
7. 等烧沸后，改用小火至鱼块软糯，汁浓时加入味精，香醋、淋上香油起锅装盘即成。 7. The boiling, and so on, to low heat until fish Ruannuo, Zhinong when monosodium glutamate, vinegar, sesame oil applying Qiguozhuangpan mold.
食用方法： Food:
中餐晚餐 Chinese dinner
营养价值： Nutritional value:
青鱼：青鱼肉厚且嫩，味鲜美，除富含丰富蛋白质、脂肪，还含丰富的硒、碘等微量元素，故有抗衰老、抗癌作用；青鱼肉性平、味甘；具有补气，健脾，养胃，化湿，祛风，利水之功效，可防妊娠水肿。 Herring: herring Rouhou and tender, delicious flavor, with the exception of the rich-rich protein, fat, but also rich in selenium, iodine, and other trace elements, it has anti-aging, anti-cancer effects; Ching-ping of fish, Sweet; with the Air , Spleen, Stomach, Huashi, expelling wind, water, the efficacy of profit, anti-edema of pregnancy.
食物相克： Grams of food phase:
青鱼：青鱼忌与李子同食；青鱼忌用牛、羊油煎炸；不可与荆芥、白术、苍术同食。 Herring: herring with fresh plums and free; herring cattle Ji Yong, Yang You frying; and can not be Nepeta, Atractylodes, Atractylodes with food.
历史文化： History and culture:
“豆豉鱼”以五香干豆豉作配料，以辣椒、黄酒、姜粉等调料烹制而成，香味浓厚、偏咸、偏辣，是湖北乡土名菜之一。 "Fermented fish" five-spice to dry ingredients to make lobster sauce to hot pepper, rice wine, spices such as cooking from Ginger Powder, rich flavor, salt-and-spicy, is a native of Hubei one of the famous dish. 在家庭里作下饭菜食用，在酒席上作调味菜和压桌菜食用，很为人们所喜爱。 In the family for meals under the food, catering for seasoning food on the table and pressure cooking of food, it is for people to love.
营养价值： Nutritional value:
元素含量单位 Elements units
热量2166.8 千卡 Heat 2166.8 kcal
蛋白质196.78 克 196.78 grams of protein
脂肪134.72 克 134.72 grams of fat
碳水化合物46.33 克 46.33 grams carbohydrate
叶酸7.5 微克 7.5 micrograms of folic acid
膳食纤维4.87 克 4.87 grams dietary fiber
维生素A 386.4 微克 A 386.4 micrograms of vitamin
胡萝卜素50.5 微克 50.5 carotene micrograms
硫胺素0.32 毫克 0.32 milligrams of thiamine
核黄素0.72 毫克 Riboflavin 0.72 mg
尼克酸26.97 毫克 26.97 mg niacin
维生素C 1.25 毫克 Vitamin C 1.25 mg
维生素E 74.58 毫克 Vitamin E 74.58 mg
钙337.01 毫克 337.01 mg calcium
磷1757.28 毫克 P 1757.28 mg
钾3435.77 毫克 3435.77 mg potassium
钠3901.08 毫克 3901.08 mg sodium
镁440.2 毫克 440.2 mg of magnesium
铁15.29 毫克 15.29 mg iron
锌10.92 毫克 Zinc 10.92 mg
硒342.03 微克 342.03 micrograms of selenium
铜1.25 毫克 Copper 1.25 mg
锰3.35 毫克 Manganese 3.35 mg
备注：所含营养素，此数据只是理论值，不计烹饪过程的营养损耗 Note: The content of nutrients, this information is only theoretical value, excluding the process of cooking the nutritional loss

Mt. Hengshan in Hunan 南岳衡山（湖南）

2008-10-11T10:53:00.000-07:00

Being one of the famous mountains Wuyue (a collective name given to five famous mountains in China), Mt. Hengshan is found in Hengyang City in Hunan Province, it is also referred as Nanyue, meaning South Mountain. It has eminent mountain peaks and wonderful mountain scenery.Mt. Hengshan is composed of 72 peaks, among which the first mountain peak you will see when touring is Huiyan Peak. Going further toward the north, you will feast your eyes on all the graceful scenery. Here in Mt. Hengshan, no mountain peaks are without trees. It is green all over. There are various kinds of precious trees and a vast area of primeval forest. Among all these trees here, some are 300 - 400 years old, which still bloom when spring comes. Some trees are even over 1,000 years old. The trees in the primeval forest are bending with lichen growing on the trunks, resembling old men wearing tattered clothes. From the mountain peaks, you can see the grand view of sunrise, the rolling cloud and the oceans of trees. There magnificent views are called 'four oceans' on Mt. Hengshan: ocean of flowers, ocean of trees, ocean of cloud and ocean of snow. People summarize all the spectacles here as 'the eight marvels in Mt. Hengshan'. They are the height of the Zhurong Peak, the grace of the Sutra Collection Hall, the profundity of Fangguang Temple, the quietness of Mojingtai, the magic of the Shuilian Cave, the antiquity of Dayu Stele, the majesty of the Nanyue Temple and the steepness of Huixian Bridge. Zhurong Peak is the highest mountain peak of this scenic area. Sutra Collection Hall is located deep in the glen and is surrounded by towering trees. The running spring and flying birds make this place very peaceful and leisurely. Huixian Bridge is in fact a bridge on a big stone. It is narrow and dangerous, and few people are brave enough to go over it.春观花潮This scenic area is also a well known and hallowed Buddhist ground. It has abundant temples including nunneries and Taoist temples. The most notable one is Nanyue Damiao, the largest temple in Wuyue. It was originally built in the Tang Dynasty (618-907), but was destroyed by fire. In the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), it was renovated imitating the design of the Forbidden City. 夏看烟云Various reputations were gained at this scenic area: a particular religious hallowed ground and a marvelous scenic locale for both summering and touring. Here you can watch blooming flowers in spring, prevent sunstroke in summer, watch sunrises in autumn and enjoy the beautiful prospect of snow in winter. If you are traveling in China or going to travel in China, do not miss the wonderful trip to Mt. Hengshan.秋望日出Transportation: Take the bus No.1 in the urban area of Hengyang, getting off when you reach the last stop (Western Bus Stop), transferring to a coach to get the Hengyang County, then you will reach the scenic area.Admission Fee: CNY 80 (Entrance Charge)冬赏雪景特点五岳之中南岳衡山，由于气候条件较其他四岳为好，处处是茂林修竹，终年翠绿；奇花异草，四时放香，自然景色十分秀丽，因而又有“南岳独秀”的美称。清人魏源在中说：“恒山如行，岱(泰)山如坐，华山如立，嵩山如卧，惟有南岳独如飞。”这是对衡山的赞美。南岳衡山还有许多名胜古迹和神话传说，吸引了历代各种人物，形成丰富多彩的文化沉积，宛如一个辽阔的人文与山水文化和谐统一、水乳交融的巨型公园。1982年，衡山作为我国著名的自然景观和人文景观，以湖南衡山风景名胜区的名义，被国务院批准列入第一批国家级风景名胜区名单。2007年8月1日，南岳衡山经国务院批准列为国家级自然保护区。概况衡山又名南岳，是我国五岳之一，位于湖南省衡山县。由于气候条件较其他四岳为好，处处是茂林修竹，终年翠绿；奇花异草，四时放香，自然景色十分秀丽，因而又有“南岳独秀”的美称。清人魏源《衡岳吟》中说：“恒山如行，岱山如坐，华山如立，嵩山如卧，惟有南岳独如飞。”这是对衡山的赞美。结构结构"青天七十二芙蓉"，衡山由包括长沙岳麓山、衡阳回雁峰在内，巍然耸立着的72座山峰组成。南岳的首峰就在衡阳市中心的南门口--回雁峰，从"天下南岳第一峰"向北出发，沿蒸湘北路乘汽车行驶一个多小时，从眼前闪过几十座像芙蓉般婀娜多姿的山峰，就进入了南岳胜景。如果人们从京广铁路乘火车，则于衡山站下车，再转乘汽车，只有15千米的路程，便可以饱览南岳的风光。宗教南岳还是著名的佛教圣地。环山数百里，有寺、庙、庵、观等200多处.位于南岳古镇的南岳大庙，是中国江南最大的古建筑群，占地9800多平方米，仿北京故宫形制，依次九进。大庙坐北朝南，四周围以红墙，角楼高耸。寿涧山泉，绕墙流注。庙内，东侧有8个道观，西侧有8个佛寺，以示南岳佛道平等并存。南岳大庙，是一件有历史意义和艺术价值的珍品，其规模之宏大，建筑之精美，结构之完整，布局之周密，实属罕见。在南岳古镇，还有一座佛教古寺——祝圣寺。它位于镇的东街，与山上的南台寺、福严寺、上封寺和衡山城外的清凉寺等，合称为南岳六大佛教丛林。相传大禹治水时曾经来到这里，并在这里建立清冷宫佘礼舜帝。清康熙年间作为皇帝的行宫进行大规模改建，并更名祝圣寺。现在寺的四周古木苍翠，寺内香烟缭绕，木鱼钟磬之声，不绝于耳，佛图佛像满目，有兴趣者，还可入内与法师交谈，品尝一下南岳著名的素餐斋席。其它如广浏寺、湘南寺、丹霞寺、铁佛寺、方广寺及传法院、黄庭观等，都是明代以前的古镡，规模大小虽不相同，但也各有佳趣。衡山还是著名的道教名山，汉武帝以南岳名安徽霍山﹐隋文帝复以衡山为南岳。道教称第三小洞天﹐名其岳神为司天王。山有七十二峰﹐以祝融﹑紫盖﹑芙蓉﹑石廪﹑天柱五峰为著﹐祝融又为之冠。有黄庭观﹐传为晋天师道女祭酒魏华存修道处。上清宫乃晋道士徐灵期修行处。降真观﹐旧名白云庵﹐乃唐司马承祯修道处。九真观西有白云先生(司马承祯)药岩。五代道士聂师道亦修道於此。山上植物南岳之秀，在于无山不绿，无山不树。那连绵飘逸的山势和满山茂密的森林，四季长青，就像一个天然的庞大公园。林深树多，光听听树的名字，也够动人了：金钱松、红豆杉、伯乐树、银鹊树、香果、白擅、青铜以及常绿的香樟、神奇的梭罗、火红的枫林、古老的藤萝。据统计，南岳现有的风景林等各种植物，有1700多种。这是几十代人的血汗结晶，其中许多是奇珍异宝。福严寺的银杏相传受戒于六朝时的慧思禅师，树龄至少也有1400多年，树身三个大人合抱亦不能围拢。藏经殿后的白玉兰，亦有四五百年的历史，至今仍然逢春开花，香飘满山。半山亭的古松，三四百岁的年龄，还是小弟弟呢！上封寺后的原始森林，许多树都是老态龙钟，弯腰曲背，遍身青苔，望不见纹路。乍一看去，它们长得拳曲不张，冠盖不整，盘根错节，相互依偎，恍如严寒中一群衣衫破败的老人，相拥取暖，令人怜悯而无俊俏风华的赞叹。但在这高山风口上，它们千百年如一日，在"风刀霜剑严相逼"之中，彼此抱得铁紧，你搀我扶，有的甚至同根所生，枝同连理，不仅独秀，而且情深。南岳如果只是这些树木呈现的秀色，那还不足以在天下名山中如此令人瞩目。这种秀色只是它的外在之美，而秀中有"绝"，才是它的深远内涵。人们把南岳的胜景概括为"南岳八绝"，即"祝融峰之高，藏经殿之秀，方广寺之深，磨镜台之幽，水帘洞之奇，大禹碑之古，南岳庙之雄，会仙桥之险"。正因为"南岳八绝"的出类拔萃，才使它赢得"五岳独秀"那当之无愧的美称。祝融峰山巅祝融峰，海拔1300.2米，由于烟云的烘托和群峰的叠衬，构成了"万丈祝融拔地起，欲见不见轻烟里"的雄姿。登临其上，可见北面洞庭湖烟波渺渺，若隐若现，南面群峰罗列，如障如屏，东面湘江逶迤，宛如玉带，西面雪峰山顶，银涛翻腾，万千景象，尽收眼底。登衡山必登祝融。古人说：“不登祝融，不足以知其高。”唐代文学家韩愈诗云：“祝融万丈拔地起，欲见不见轻烟里。”这两句诗既写了祝融峰的高峻、雄伟，又写了衡山烟云的美妙。传说祝融峰是祝融游息之地。祝融是神话传说中的火神，自燧人氏发明取火以后，即由祝融保存火种。峰上有祝融殿，是明代所建。祝融峰的西边有望月台，在无云的夜晚，到这里赏月，别有一番美景。峰上还有观日台，是看日出奇景的好地方。藏经殿山中藏经殿，隐于幽谷深处，四周古木参天，绿树掩映，飞鸟流泉，鸣声互答，显得生机无限，幽静逸脱。方广寺方广寺林泉、山峦秀美，环境幽静深透，游人至此必有一种"幽深"之感，故前人有"不至方广，不足以知其深"之说。会仙桥站在会仙桥，四顾奇珍异宝，金光灿灿，绿浪滔滔，蔚为壮观，还可望见祝融峰侧的一巨石，宛如乌龟，人称"金龟朝圣"。桥之险，可谓一绝，真乃是无限风光在险峰。水帘洞山下水帘洞，飞瀑如泻，帘影高悬，宋朝毕田有咏水帘洞诗一首，专道其妙处："洞门千尺挂飞流，玉碎珠联冷喷秋；古今不知谁卷得，绿萝为带月为钩。"可见其景致之不一般。烟云衡山的烟云可与黄山媲美。游人在山上，忽然云雾升起，转眼之间，清晰可见的一座座山峰，竟被一团团烟雾笼罩住，渐渐隐去身形，游人自己也感到象在腾云驾雾，只觉得一缕缕、一团团的青烟白气，荡于胸前，流于指隙，似乎伸手可捉，可又什么都未捉到。突然，一阵清风拂面而过。风过处，天空便由灰而白，由浊而清，浓雾消散，远处的山峰又清晰可辨了。山势衡山山势雄伟，绵延数百公里，号称有七十二峰，其中以祝融、天柱、芙蓉、紫盖、石禀五座最有名。祝融峰是衡山最高峰，海拔1300.2米。南岳四绝是：“祝融峰之高，方广寺之深，藏经殿之秀，水帘洞之奇。” 山上寺庙山上寺庙很多，著名的有福严寺、南台寺、藏经殿、方广寺。福严寺规模很大，称为“南山第一古刹”，寺右有一株1400余年的银杏树，树干粗壮，枝叶茂盛。南台寺建于六朝，到现在已有1400多年。日本佛教曹洞宗视南台寺为祖庭。藏经殿因明太祖赐大藏经一部存放于此，故名藏经殿。其周围层峦叠翠，古木参天，景色秀丽，附近有摇钱树、同根生、连理枝等奇树以及允春亭、梳妆台、钓鱼台等古迹。“藏经殿之秀”为南岳四绝之一。方广寺处于南岳峰岭间，古树苍苍，流水潺潺，幽雅深邃，因而有“方广寺之深”的说法。但是，南岳最大的寺庙是位于衡山脚下的南岳庙。它规模宏大，布局严谨，占地面积多达98500平方米，在南方一带也是数一数二的大庙。南岳庙始建于唐，历代进行重修、扩建，规模不断扩大。现存建筑是清代重修的。整个庙宇有9进，包括正殿、寝宫、御书楼、盘龙亭等建筑。正殿高22米，庄严肃穆，气势雄浑。殿内有72根石柱，象征着衡山七十二峰。正殿中央供奉着“南岳司天昭圣帝”，即祝融神君。南岳庙以总体布局完整著称。

Mt. Taishan in Shandong 东岳泰山（山东）

2008-10-11T10:52:00.000-07:00

The leader of the 'Five Sacred Mountains', Mt. Tai is located in the center of Shandong Province, lying across the cities of Tai'an, Jinan and Zibo. Its main peak, Jade Emperor Summit, which is within Tai'an City, is about 1532.7 meters (5,029 feet) high.The mountain was once called Mt. Daishan, Mt. Daizong or Mt. Taiyue and was renamed Mt. Taishan in the Spring and Autumn Period (770BC-476BC). It epitomizes splendid Chinese culture and was listed in the World Natural and Cultural Heritage List of UNESCO in 1987.In ancient times, the first thing for an emperor to do on ascending to the throne was to climb Mount Taishan and pray to heaven and earth or their ancestors. It was said that 72 emperors of different dynasties made pilgrimages to this mountain. These special ceremonies and sacrifices earned the mountain widespread fame. In addition, many poets and literary scholars also visited the mountain to gain inspiration. The grandiose temples, the numerous stone inscriptions and stone tablets are the best testaments to these visits. Mt. Tai also played an important role in the development of Buddhism and Taoism.Taishan Mountain is a natural museum abounding with cultural relics and artworks. Heavenly Queen Pool, Red Gate Palace, Mid-Heaven Gate, Azure Cloud Temple are powerful examples. Stone carvings include the Buddhist Diamond Sutra in Jing Shi Valley, the Scripture of Mt. Tai and the Mo Ya Tablet.Besides historic relics, Mount Taishan boasts unique natural scenery too. The lofty peaks, deep valleys, spectacular waterfalls, enchanting rocks and the centuries-old pines and cypresses will undoubtedly encourage you linger with no thought of leaving. The four wonders of the mountain are Sunrises from the East, the Sunset Glow, the Sea of Clouds and the Golden Belt along the Yellow River. It would be a great pity to miss the four wonders.There are four ascents of the mountain.East RouteThis route is considered to be the Imperial Route because the emperors all took this way to make sacrifices. With elegant natural scenery, palaces, stone inscriptions are also scattered along the winding path. You set off from Dai Temple, and then you will see Dai Zong Archway, Red Gate Palace, Jing Shi Valley, Hu Tian Pavilion and Eighteen Bends, etc. Dai Temple is the place where emperors stayed and offered their sacrifices. The temple was built in the Han Dynasty and expanded in the Tang and Song Dynasties. After several renovations, it has become the biggest and most complete temple on the mountain.There are 6000-plus steps along this route and it takes about four hours at an average to reach the peak. This classical route is an ideal choice for most people.West RouteThe west route is made up of two parts. The first part is the highroad from the Heaven and Earth Square to Mid-heaven Gate. The other part is the cable way from Mid-heaven Gate to the top of the mountain. This route is well equipped with modern facilities and is the most fashionable way to reach Jade Emperor Summit. Attractions concentrated on this route are Heaven and Earth Square, Black Dragon Pool, Tomb of General Feng Yuxiang and Longevity Bridge, etc.Peach Blossom Ravine RouteThis route is the most convenient way to climb the mountain, especially for tourists who drive or take a bus from northern places. Peach Blossom Ravine can be accessed by taking the No.104 national highway, then setting off from the big parking lot by bus to the cable-car stop. From there you reach the top in a few minutes. The ropeway is designed for sightseeing from the air giving a clear view.The best time to take this route is in spring and summer. The flourishing peach blossom, falling petals and limpid steams will make you feel like you are in heaven.Tianzhu Peak RouteJust as its name implies, Tianzhu Peak was named because it is shaped like a candle, with a pine tree standing on top like a flame. This route is the most rugged one and is suitable for the adventurous. You will enjoy General Peak, Eight Immortals Cave, Big Tianzhu Peak and Small Tianzhu Peak, etc. It is also a better way to appreciate the pine trees in Hou Shi Wu (a spot where most of the old pine trees are growing).Taishan Mountain is a perfect combination of natural scenery and cultural relics and is well worth visiting. Admission Fee: CNY 125 (Feb. 1 to Nov. 30)CNY 100 (Dec. 1 to Jan. 31) Sunrise TimetableJanuary - June Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. 1st 07:15 07:05 06:34 05:49 05:09 04:45 11th 07:15 06:55 06:20 05:35 04:59 04:43 21st 07:11 06:44 06:05 05:21 04:51 04:43 July - December July Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. 1st 04:47 05:07 05:33 05:57 06:25 06:55 11th 04:52 05:16 05:41 06:05 06:35 07:04 21st 04:59 05:24 05:49 06:15 06:46 07:11

Mt. Hengshan in Shanxi 北岳恒山（山西）

2008-10-11T10:51:00.000-07:00

Chinese recorded history tells us that Emperor Shun (circa 2372 BC) toured his northern domain years ago, and he was so impressed by the sight of Mt. Hengshan that he proclaimed it the 'North Mountain' (Bei Yue). Many later emperors had also come to visit Mt. Hengshan. The renowned traveler Xu Xiake came to visit in Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) and left behind Hengshan-inspired writings. Others did similar things.Mt. Hengshan, one of the most famous 'Five Sacred Mountains (Wu Yue)' in China, is located about 62 kilometers south to Datong City of Shanxi Province. It attracts people by its natural sceneries and man-made landscaping.Ancient battleground: Mt. Hengshan has been an age-old battleground. It is the bottleneck to Central Hebei Plain from Plateau beyond the Great Wall. Many emperors utilized Mt. Hengshan in national defense planning. Emperors and generals went down in history on battles won and lost right here. Plenty of ancient battlefield relics litter the landscape with passes, fortresses, castles and beacon towers. These make Mt. Hengshan unique among the famed mountains.Overhanging Temple: Overhanging Temple, at the mountain's foot, was built in Northern Wei Dynasty (386-534), on the high cliff hemmed in by a precipice on either side. It sits up there beyond reach in abject solitude. From the bottom you see range upon range of pavilions supported by dozens of wooden pillars. Entering the temple, people will be surprised by its half-house and half-cave inner structures. Overhanging Temple deserves a visit.Tianfeng Summit: At 2016.1 meters (6,617 feet), Tianfeng Summit, in Hunyuan County, Datong City, is the highest peak. The steep north slope is covered with verdant pine trees. Climbing onto the top of the mountain, you will see endless pine trees, some of them growing on the cliff with roots burrowing in the rocks, exotic flowers and rare herbs and odd-shaped stones, and so forth. The tourists are too delighted to return home. The south slope is studded by lots of temples where emperors worshipped the North Mountain.Mt. Hengshan Scenic Spots has temperate semiarid continental climate and distinct four seasons. It features cold-dry winters, windy springs, short rainy summers, and short sunny autumns. There is extreme temperature difference between daytime and at night. Annual average temperature in Mt. Hengshan is 6.1 degree centigrade.Admission Fee: CNY 55 for entrance charge and temple groupsCNY 45 for cable car (round-trip) Opening Hours: 9:10 to 16:50 Recommended Time for a Visit: One and a half hours

Mt. Huashan in Shaanxi 西岳华山（陕西）

2008-10-11T10:50:00.000-07:00

Situated in Huayin City, 120 kilometers (about 75 miles) east from Xi'an City of Shaanxi Province, Mt. Huashan is known as 'The Number One Precipitous Mountain under Heaven'. It is one of the five sacred mountains in China. The other four mountains are Mt. Taishan in Shandong, Mt. Hengshan in Hunan, Mt. Hengshan in Shanxi, and Mt. Songshan in Henan.In ancient times, Mt. Huashan was called Mt. Taihuashan. From a distance the five peaks seem to form the shape of a 'flower' (hua in Chinese), hence the name 'Huashan'. It is famous for its natural vistas of steep and narrow paths, precipitous crags, and a high mountain range. It is home to several influential Taoist temples where emperors of past dynasties made pilgrimages, making Mt. Huashan the holy land of Taoism. Yuquan Yuan (Jade Spring Temple)Usually tourists climb up the mountain assisted by the iron chains along the way and start their tour from Yuquan Yuan (Jade Spring Temple), one of the main Taoist temples in China located at the foot of Mt. Huashan. It has the architectural style of the classical gardens in south China. There is a pond in the center and several pavilions around it. Walking through the Wuyou Pavilion, the Long Corridor of Seventy-two Windows comes into view, and afterwards Qingke Ping where a big rock called 'Huixin Rock' can be seen. It is said that 'Huixin Rock' is a reminder for those who wish to stop their tour at this point. Beside the rock are the precipitous 370 rock steps called 'Qianchi Zhuang' considered to be the primary breath-taking path of Mt. Huashan. When climbing, only a gleam of sky above can be seen, making climbers feel as if they were at the bottom of a well.North Peak (Cloud Terrace Peak)Across the 'Qianchi Zhuang' are two similar precipitous paths-respectively called 'Baichi Xia' and 'Laojun Li' above which climbers reach Mt. Huashan's North Peak. There are precipitous cliffs on all sides of North Peak, making it look like a flat terrace in the clouds, hence the name Cloud Terrace Peak. It is 1,614 meters (about 5,295 feet) high. Three sides are cliffs and one side is to the 'Ca'er (the ear rubbing the cliff) Cliff' which is the fourth precipitous path where tourists can climb up only by pressing an ear close to the cliff. In the waist of North Peak trees are luxuriantly green, creating a good rest spot.Jinsuo Guan (Gold Lock Pass) When climbing over the 'Blue Dragon Range', regarded as the must-pass way to the other four peaks from North Peak, travelers arrive at Gold Lock Pass. Mt. Huashan visitors know that it is customary to buy a golden lock, and then lock it in the iron chains on both sides of the Gold Lock Pass for families and friends to pray for their safety and health. It is a marvelous spectacle to see thousands of golden locks in the iron chains. Within the mountain gate of Gold Lock Pass, a huge golden lock of about 4 meters (about 4.37 yards) long and 1 .5 meters (about 1.64 yards) high stands in a big rock. It is made of pure copper and forged by 9,999 locks left by visitors. It is a popular photo site. This huge lock can only be opened by throwing coins - one coin represent the status of an ordinary person; three coins, a blessed person and nine coins a most blessed one. Gold Lock Pass is the throat to Middle Peak, East Peak, South Peak and West Peak.Middle Peak (Jade Maiden Peak)Middle Peak clings to East peak and is in the center of East, South and West Peaks. There is a Taoist temple in the peak named 'Jade Maiden Temple'. Legend has it that the daughter of Qin Mugong (569 B.C.-621 B.C.) loved a man who was good at playing Chinese tung-hsiao (vertical flute) and she gave up the royal life to become a hermit who cultivated her spirituality here, hence the name Jade Maiden Peak. Today Jade Maiden Temple and Jade Maiden Basin for Shampooing can be found on the peak.Other scenic spots in Middle Peak include Rootless Tree and Sacrificing Tree which have beautiful stories and add to the supernatural atmosphere of Middle Peak.East Peak (Facing Sun Peak) Tour guides may promote climbing the mountain at night to see the sunrise. Climbing to the top of East Peak requires 4 to 6 hours. East Peak has an altitude of 2,090 meters (about 6,857 feet) forming a platform for visitors to view the sunrise. An astronomical telescope is provided here. The reference time for sunrise and sunset is 5:00a.m.-6:00a.m. in spring, 4:30a.m.-5:20a.m. in summer, 5:00a.m.-5:20a.m. in autumn, 5:30a.m.-6:00a.m. in winter.One well-known scenic spot called the 'Immortal's Palm Peak of Mt. Huashan' which is ranked as one of the 'Eight Scenic Wonders of the Guanzhong Area (the plain area in the middle of Shaanxi Province)' is located on East Peak. It refers to the natural rock veins of the cliff which look like a giant palm-print. Legend has it that on March 3rd of the Lunar Calendar a torrential flood erupted, destroying the villages within the Mt. Huashan area. This disaster was caused by the Queen Mother of the West, who held her 'Flat Peach Carnival' celebration that year. She carelessly spilled a little jade wine down from paradise, causing a serious flood below. This news was quickly reported by Deity Shaohao to the Jade Emperor in Celestial Paradise. He gave a prompt order to Deity Juling to go down to tame the flood. When Deity Juling, full of vigor and vitality, descended from the clouds, he arrived at the precipitous cliff of East Peak. At the moment that he laid his left hand on one side and his right leg on the other, he ripped the mountain into two halves and immediately a flood rushed out. This tale adds luster to East Peak.South Peak (Landing Wild Geese Peak) Ancient people called South Peak with an altitude of 2,160 meters (about 7,087 feet) 'Monarch of Mt. Huashan' because it is the highest peak of Mt. Huashan and also the highest peak among the Five Sacred Mountains of China. Tourists who summit South Peak are undoubtedly winners. Looking around when standing at the peak, surrounding mountains are luxuriantly green; the Yellow River wanders far below and everything seems small. Legend has it that the wild geese returning from the south often landed at South Peak, giving the area the name 'Landing Wild Geese Peak'.At the top of South Peak, the Black Dragon Pool at the summit and the Greeting Pines on the southwestern cliff are two attractive resorts. At each side of the Landing Wild Goose Peak there are two peaks respectively called Songhui Peak (Pine and Juniper Peak) in the east and Xiaozi Peak (Filial Son Peak) in the west. The three peaks form a picture of a Titan sitting in a chair. The most dangerous place is called 'Changkong Zhandao' (a plank path built along the surface of a vertical cliff) which is about 4 meters (about 13 feet) long and about 0.33 meters (about 1.1 feet) wide. Below is the bottomless gulf which makes tourists shake with fear. In addition, there is a Taoist temple called Baidi Temple or Jintian Palace to be considered the host temple of Deity Shaohao.The West Peak (Lotus Flower Peak)West Peak has very high cliffs standing erect with an altitude of 2,086.6 meters (about 6,845 feet). There is a Taoist temple called Cuiyun Palace before which a huge rock looking like a lotus flower comes into view, hence the name Lotus Flower Peak. There are another seven rocks beside Cuiyun Palace, which is said to be the place where Chenxiang (a main character in the movie Lotus Lantern) ripped the mountain to save his mother (The Heavenly Goddess San Sheng Mu). After visiting the five peaks, tourists can go down the mountain from the path on the east side of West Peak. A must-see scenic spot - Xi Yue Temple - is available to those interested in Taoist culture. The Xi Yue Temple is 5 kilometers (about 3.1 miles) north of the foot of Mt. Huashan and it is one of the earliest temples in ancient China. Palaces and gardens are its main features, resembling the style of the Forbidden City in Beijing; thus the Xi Yue Temple gained fame as the 'Forbidden City of Shaanxi Province'. Admission to Xi Yue Temple is CNY 20.Travel Tips:Before climbing Mt. Huashan, you should know the following:1. Wear sport shoes with soft soles; buy a pair of nylon gloves and a walking stick when necessary.2. Eat high-calorie food and bring some with you when climbing.3. Bring mineral water with you. Do not drink too much when thirsty; just sip it to keep your mouth wet.4. It is windy in the mountain and especially humid in summer, so prepare some warm clothes (even in summer).5. Sometimes it rains on the mountain, so take along a plastic raincoat.6. Bring an electric torch when climbing at night.While all necessary supplies can be bought at the foot of mountain, it is a better choice to prepare them yourself before coming to the mountain.TransportationBy BusTourist Buses No.1 (8:00-20:00) are available at the east square of Xian Railway Station or you can choose to take the coach to Huayin City at Tangdu Bus Station located at No.17 of Changle Zhonglu east of Xian.By TrainYou can take trains at Xian Railway Station and get to Weinan City. Then you can take the autobus on Weinan Railway Station to reach Mt. Huashan. The autobus fare is about CNY 10. And you have to walk 1.5 kilometers (about 0.9 miles) before you reach Yuquan Temple at the foot of Mt. Huashan.By Cable CarTraveling on Mt. Huashan by cable car is another good choice for tourists. In the east side of Yuquan Temple there is an about 8-kilometer-long (about 5 miles long) cement road leading up to Wamiaogou where you can take the cable car directly to the North Peak of Mt. Huashan. And the top station of the ropeway is located on the east cliff of North Peak. The whole ropeway is more than 1,500 meters (about 4,921 feet) long and it takes you seven or eight minutes to reach the top. The runtime of the ropeway is: 07:00-19:00 (Apr.-Oct.); 09:00 - 16:00 (Nov.-Mar.).Fees: Entrance Charge:CNY 100 (Apr. 1st-Nov. 30th), CNY 50 (Dec. 1st-Mar. 31st);Cable Car :CNY 110 (round-trip), CNY 60 (one-way) Best Time to Visit: April to October

“五岳”-Mt. Songshan in Henan 中岳嵩山（河南）

2008-10-11T10:49:00.000-07:00

Song Mountain lies in Dengfeng city, in the heart of Henan Province and about 80 kilometers (50 miles) east of its capital, Zhengzhou. Song Mountain, which is also known as Zhong Yue (middle mountain), is known as one of the Five Mountains of China. The others in this group are Tai mountain in Shandong Province, Hua Mountain in Shaanxi Province, Mount Heng in Shanxi Province and Mount Heng in Hunan Province.Song Mountain has fine natural scenery. Its 72 mountains, grouped around the peaks of Mount Shaoshi and Mount Taishi, extend for about 70 kilometers (43 miles) from east to west. Besides these mountains, there are many valleys, caves, pools and waterfalls, each of which provides the visitor with a unique and wonderful experience. The landscape is so unique that it has been given the title of 'International Geological Park' by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).The history of Song Mountain is as rich and interesting as its landscape. Its proximity to Luoyang, the ancient capital city of nine different dynasties, made it an essential place for emperors to offer sacrifices to their ancestors and the gods and to confer the crown to their heirs. This has left many sites of historic and cultural interest in this area. The beauty of the area's scenery also led to many scholars, eminent monks and famous Taoists chose this area as an important place to give lectures, explain Buddhist sutras and develop the teachings of different religions. Practitioners of the three faiths of Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism absorbed ideas from each other, which led to their three belief systems growing closer together.Song Mountain is the birthplace of China Zen Buddhism, and is the home of many wondrous temples, including Shaolin Temple, the largest pagoda forest in China, Ta Lin (meaning pagoda forest) and the most ancient pagoda in China, Songyue Temple pagoda. A visitor can also visit the oldest cypress, as well as the earliest star observation platform in China.What makes Song Mountain different from the rest of the Five Mountains is its profound and extensive cultural history. For this reason, a visit to Song Mountain will be greatly rewarding for scholars of religion, physical culture, astronomy, archaeology, geology, art, and architecture, as well as for travelers with a passion for beauty and history.